外研社杯全国英语阅读大赛样题Word文件下载.docx
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B.Archimedes
_____2.Moralityisnotthedoctrineofhowwemaymake
C.Aristotle
ourselveshappy,buthowwemaymakeourselvesworthy
D.ImmanuelKant
ofhappiness.
E.SteveJobs
_____3.Youcan'
tconnectthedotslookingforward;
you
canonlyconnectthemlookingbackwards.Soyouhaveto
trustthatthedotswillsomehowconnectinyourfuture.
Questions4(Suggestedcompletiontime:
2minutes)
Readthetext,andanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.
Toensurethehighstandardsoffacilitiesweneedtobuildnewwards,laboratoriesandconsultingrooms.Inshort,weneedyourhelpnow.Completethecoupontodayandrestassuredthatyourdonationisgoingtothebestpossiblecause.
4.Whereisthepieceoftexttakenfrom?
A.anadvertisementB.aninstructionbooklet
C.astoryD.anewspaper
Questions5(Suggestedcompletiontime:
Fewcornersoftheworldremainuntaintedbyintrepidtourists,andtheirimpactisoftendevastating.Toofrequentlytheytrampleheedlesslyonfragileenvironments,displacingwildlifeandlocalpopulationsintheirinsatiablequestforunexploredlocations.
5.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?
A.Thefutureoftourism
B.Theroleoftourism
C.Thepriceoftourism
D.Thebenefitsoftourism
Questions6(Suggestedcompletiontime:
Buyingandsellinganythingisyourfortenow.Ifyouvisitajumbleorcar-bootsaleorthelike,aromanticencounterismorethanprobable!
Newslinkedtothefamilyisbrilliant!
6.Whattypeoftextisthis?
A.Apersonaladvertisement.
B.Apersonalhoroscope.
C.Afriend’sletterofadvice.
D.Awrittenwarning.
Questions7(Suggestedcompletiontime:
Withourtravelagency,theholidayyoubookistheholidayyouget.Ifyouarriveandfind
we’vefailedtoliveuptoourpromises,letusknowwhattheproblemiswithinonedayofyour
arrival.We’llspend24hoursdoingeverythingpossibletosorttheproblemout.Intheunlikely
eventthatwecan’tresolveyourproblemandmakeyouhappywithin24hours,we’llflyyou
homeandgiveyourmoneyback.
7.Thetextcouldbestbedescribedas__________.
A.acommitment
B.anappeal
C.awarning
D.avow
Questions8(Suggestedcompletiontime:
Thenewdigitalcamerasaregreatfunandveryeasytouse.Theyletyoureviewyour
picturesthemomentyoutakethem,soyoucanre-shootrightawayifyou’renotsatisfied.Butremember,adigitalcameraisjustacomputerXXXX.It’snotareplacementforyourordinarycamera.
8.Whatisthemeaningofthemissingword(XXXX)inthetext?
A.“somethingthatispoorquality〞
B.“anitemthatisnotessential,somethingextra〞
C.“somethingexpensivebutgoodvalueformoney〞
D.“afashionwhichalwaysremainspopular〞
Questions9(Suggestedcompletiontime:
Shehadgonealone,butthechildrenweretogotothestationtomeether.Andlovingthestationastheydid,itwasonlynaturalthattheyshouldbethereagoodhourbeforetherewasanychanceofMother’strainarriving,evenifthetrainwerepunctual,whichwasmostunlikely.
9.Whatcanyousayabouttheirmother’strain?
A.Itwouldprobablybeearly.
B.Itwouldprobablybeontime.
C.Itwouldprobablybelate.
D.Ithadbeencancelled.
Question10(Suggestedcompletiontime:
Thebarchartshowsthenumberandproportionofundernourishedpeopleinthe
developingregions,from1990?
1992to2021?
2021.Answerthequestionaccordingtotheinformationinthechart.
Source:
TheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDG)Report2021
10.ChoosetheINCORRECTdescriptionaboutthechart.
A.Currentestimatessuggestthatnearlyoneinnineindividualsdonothaveenoughtoeatbetween2021and2021.
B.Projectionsindicatethatthe2021MDGtargetisnearlyreached,with12.9percentofundernourishedpopulation.
C.Thesituationnoticeablyimprovedduringtheyears1995-1999,butwentdowninthefirstfiveyearsofthenewmillennium.
D.Theproportionofundernourishedpeopleinthedevelopingregionshasfallenbyalmosthalfsince1990.
PartIIReadandReason
InPartII,youwillreadshorttextsondifferentsubjects.Readtheinstructionscarefullyandanswerthequestionsbasedonlogicalinferenceandreasoning.(Timeallowed:
38minutes)
Question11-12(Suggestedcompletiontime:
10minutes)
Readthedefinitionsoftwotypesoflogicalfallacy.Answerthequestionsaccordingtothedefinitions.
PoisoningtheWell
Poisoningthewellisarhetoricaltechniqueandlogicalfallacywhereadverseinformationaboutatargetispreemptivelypresentedtoanaudience,withtheintentionofdiscreditingorridiculingeverythingthatthetargetpersonisabout
tosay.Itusestheassociationofnegativeemotionstodistractasubjectfromactualevidenceinanargument.
11.Whichofthefollowingprovidesatypicalexampleofpoisoningthewell?
A.That’mysstanceonfundingtheeducationsystem,andanyonewhodisagreeswithmehateschildren.
B.Youaresoweird.Thatmeans—weareprettymuchsure—thatyourwholefamilyisweird,
too.
C.GodexistsbecausetheBiblesaysso.TheBibleisinspired.Therefore,weknowthatGodexists.
D.Idon’tcarewhatyousay.Wedon’tneedbookshelvesanymore.Aslongasthecarpetisclean,wearefine.
FalseDilemma
Afalsedilemmaariseswhenweallowourselvestobeconvincedthatwehavetochoosebetweentwoandonlytwomutuallyexclusiveoptions,whenthatisuntrue.Generally,whenthisrhetoricalstrategyisused,oneoftheoptionsisunacceptableandrepulsive,whiletheotheristheonethemanipulatorwants
ustochoose.Whoeversuccumbstothistraphasthusmadeachoicethatisforced,andassuch,oflittlevalue.
12.Whichofthefollowingprovidesatypicalexampleofafalsedilemma?
A.Smokingisharmfultohealth,soyouaresupposedtoquitsmoking.
B.Ifthegovernmentdoesn’treducepublicspending,oureconomywillcollapse.
C.Youmayaswellavoidovereating,orelseyoumightbeobeseinnotime.
D.Youaretheworstoftheclassmates;
therefore,whatyousayisincredible.
Questions13(Suggestedcompletiontime:
4minutes)
Readthepassageaboutsyllogism.DecidewhetherthereasoningsareValidorInvalidbasedontheprinciplesofsyllogism.
Syllogismisakindoflogicalargumentthatappliesdeductivereasoningtoarriveataconclusionbasedontwoormorepropositionsthatareassertedorassumedtobetrue.Itisperhapstodaymostcommonlyacceptedformoflogicalreasoninginaptitudetests.Themostcommonlyusedtypeofsyllogismsiselucidatedinafrequentlyusedexample:
Premise1:
Allmenaremortal.
Premise2:
Socratesisaman.
Conclusion:
Socratesismortal.
NowpracticesyllogismsforIQtests.Pleasenotethattheconclusionisbasedonlogicalreasoning
anddoesn’tnecessarilyrepresentthe“.truth〞always
13.Valid();
Invalid()
Allhumanactionisconditionedbycircumstances.
Allhumanactioninvolvesmorality.
Allthatinvolvesmoralityisconditionedbycircumstances.
Questions14(Suggestedcompletiontime:
Readthepassageaboutcontraposition.DecidewhetherthereasoningsareValidorInvalidbasedontheprinciplesofcontraposition.
Inlogic,contrapositionisalawthatsaysthataconditionalstatementislogicallyequivalenttoitscontrapositive.Thecontrapositiveofthestatementhasitsantecedentand
consequentinvertedandflipped.Themostcommonlyusedtypeofcontrapositioniselucidated
inthefollowingexample:
Ifitisraining,thentherearecloudsinthesky.
Therearenocloudsinthesky.
Itisnotraining.
NowpracticecontrapositionforIQtests.Pleasenotethattheconclusionisbasedonlogical
reasoninganddoesn’tnecessarilyrepresentthe“truth〞always.
14.Valid();
IfheisnotanAmerican,heisnotfromTexas.
HeisfromTexas.
HeisanAmerican.
Questions15-17(Suggestedcompletiontime:
6minutes)
Readthetextaboutasciencediscovery.Answerthequestionsaccordingtothetext.
ManipulatingMemory
Memoryisnotoriouslymalleable.Ourrecollectionsfadeandtakeonnewmeanings;
sometimeswerememberthingsthatnevereven
happened.But15.
Recently,however,scientistshavestartedtograspandtinkerwithmemory’sphysicalbasis.Lastyear,inworkevocativeoffilmssuchasEternalSunshineoftheSpotlessMindandInception,researchersdiscoveredwaysto
manipulatespecificmemoriesinmiceusingoptogenetics,apowerfultechniquethatcantriggernervecellsinanimals’brainsbyzappingthemwithbeamsoflaserlight.Inaseriesof
experiments,theyshowedthattheycoulddeleteexistingmemoriesand“incept
〞
falseones