高考英语 阅读理解试题及答案.docx

1、高考英语 阅读理解试题及答案高考英语 阅读理解试题(及答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1（2019浙江）阅读理解 California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor（因素）. The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 00

2、0 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of souther

3、n California the decline was nearly 75 percent. Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowde

4、d with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）. But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected fro

5、m woodcutting or development. The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into accoun

6、t such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）. Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces t

7、he water supply available to trees during the dry season.（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about? A.The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.B.The increasing variety of California big trees.C.The distribution of big trees in California forests.D.The influence of farming on big trees in Ca

8、lifornia.（2）Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees? A.Ecological studies of forests.B.Banning woodcutting.C.Limiting housing development.D.Fire control measures.（3）What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre? A.Inadequate snowmelt.B.A longer dry

9、 season.C.A warmer climate.D.Dampness of the air.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Californias Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B.Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon.C.Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?D.Patrick Mclntyre: Grow More Big

10、 Trees in California【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文，围绕加利福尼亚的大树从20世纪30年代以来大量减少为主题，探讨出现这一现象的原因。 （1）段落大意题。第二段第一句 The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests 为主题句，意思是：在4.6万平方英里的加利福尼亚的森林中，直径超过2英尺的树木的数量已经减少了50%。所以

11、本段主要介绍加州的树木损失的严重情况，故答案为A。（2）细节理解题。题干中的 well-intentioned 意为“好意的”。根据第三段描述：伐木者对大树的砍伐、住房向森林里推进、对野火的控制使得小树与大树竞争资源都是导致大树减少的原因。控制野火的初衷是保护森林，但是却导致大树得不到足够的资源而死亡。故答案为D。（3）细节理解题 。将 water shortage 定位在第五段，而 Mclntyre 在最后一段，根据 the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures,

12、which cause trees to lose more water to the air 可知，导致水源紧张的是上升的温度，造成树木将更多的水分散失到空气中。故答案为C。（4）主旨大意题。文章的第一句是本文的主题句，文章围绕加利福尼亚大量的大树死亡展开，对大树数量减少的原因进行研究。故答案为A。【点评】本文属于生态环保类文章，文章的首段第一句即为本文的主题句。阅读是紧扣主旨，快速浏览文章内容。答题时注意根据问题中的关键词在文章中定位，然后分析关键词所在句子的信息。2阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Devon Gallagher, a college g

13、raduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where shes been while shes on her worldwide vacation in a special way. The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused inconvenience for Gallagher early on,

14、she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life. To spread that message. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag (地理位置标签), she writes her location on her artificial leg before taking a

15、 picture. Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking in the beautiful Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river ride in Budapest, all wi

16、th the well-known locations written on her artificial leg. I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board, Gallagher said. My mum and grandmother didnt like the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it,

17、 so I did. Gallagher said people often stare when shes writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos, she receives only positive feedback (反馈), My leg hasnt stopped me from doing anything Ive wanted to do, she said. I dont know if its my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, anyway

18、, Ive been able to keep up with people at my age and lead a pretty great life. Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.（1）What message did Gallapher want to spread in her special way? A.She enjoys her tr

19、avelling across the globe.B.She suffers little from her legs amputation.C.she looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.D.She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.（2）What does the word which underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A.the continentB.the picturesC.the legD.the lo

20、cation（3）Gallapher can best be described as _. A.helpful and ambitiousB.friendly and generousC.determined and creativeD.independent and sensible（4）Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A.Never Too Late to shareB.A Special Artificial LegC.An Outstanding PhotographerD.Gallaghers

21、 Summer Holidays【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】Devon Gallagher小时因病右腿截肢，尽管有很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。长大后Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她的故事告诉我们不要让任何东西挡住通往梦想的道路。 （1）细节理解题。根据第一段中Although the amputation caused inconvenience for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short

22、 of inspiration for living her best life.。尽管截肢早期给她带来了很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。由此可知Gallagher想以她独特的方式表明她把自己的不幸看做是另一种幸运的形式，故选C。 （2）推理判断题。Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall现在她在整个大陆拍照，应该是这些照片展示了所以which指代的是她拍的照片，故选B。 （

23、3）推理判断题。根据第四段One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board, Gallagher said. My mum and grandmother didnt like the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.Gallagher说她妈妈和外婆都不喜欢她chalk-board的主意，但她的朋友喜欢，让她去试试，所以她就去了，可知Gallagher很有决心。根据第二段To spread that message. G

24、allagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag (地理位置标签), she writes her location on her artificial leg before taking a picture。Gallagher把她的位置写在假肢上来和大家分享可知他是一个很有创造性的人，故选C。 （4）主旨大意题。最后一段And if life gives you an artifici

25、al leg, make art。是本文的主题句，根据文章内容可知本文主要描述的是截肢的Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置的故事。这篇文章是想通过Gallagher的一条假肢，传达出一种乐观向上的生活态度，故A Special Artificial Leg是最好的标题。故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文以及分析特殊句式，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3阅读理解 At

26、88, my grandmother Vera has dementia and barely recognizes me. But Im determined to help her age with dignity and grace in her home for as long as she can. Since 2015, Ive been a manager at Honor, a technology company that uses a website and an app to pair professional caregivers (we call them Care

27、Pros) with loved ones who need a hand. I want to make sure we are offering all our clients (客户), including my grandmother, a service that is affordable, with people who are reliable, diverse and skilled. On Sundays. Amy, my grandmothers most-loved Honor professional caregiver, comes over to get her

28、dressed for church. She loves the time she spends with Amy. Thats the best gift I can give her and the best gift I can give myself. Care giving can exhaust a family emotionally and physically. At Honor, were trying to create something that makes it easier for women to be moms, daughters, and sisters

29、 all at once. Thats why this company was built. What sets Honor apart from other care giving services is that were equally focused on treating the Care Pros well. We pay higher-than-average rates and they can get health benefits and sick leave. Most of our Care Pros are women, and a lot of them arc

30、single mothers. The technology behind our app allows Care Pros to set parameters (参数) based on when, where, and how much they want to work so they can control their schedules. The company also allows continuity of care. Each Care Pro notes in the caregivers app how the client is feeling or what shou

31、ld happen on the following shift. That way, the clients family can stay up to date on their loved ones health. When I was working with my team at Honor, I wanted to create opportunities for people who looked like me. Im proud to say that there are single moms and other women without traditional educational training who lead teams here. The makeup of this company proves that pe