电子与通信工程专业英语教学课件ppt作者徐存善Unit3.ppt

1、Unit 3,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,电子与通信工程专业英语,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circ

2、uit,Transistors are the most important device in electronics todayNot only are they made as discrete（separate）components but also integrated circuits（ICs）may contain several thousands on a tiny slice of silicon Transistors are threeterminal devices used as amplifiers and as switchesThere are two bas

3、ic typesThey are：,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,晶体管及其电路 现在，晶体管是电子学中最重要的器件。它不仅作为分立元件，而且在集成电路芯片中可以包含成千上万的晶体管。晶体管是三端器件，可用作放大器和开关使用,晶体管有两种基本类型：,（）the junction transistor（usually called the transistor）；its operation depends on the flow of bot

4、h majority and minority carriers and it has two P-N junctions.（）the field effect transistor（called the FET）in which current is due to majority carriers only（either electrons or holes）and there just one P-N juntion1.,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic

5、 Circuit,(1)结型晶体管(通常称晶体管)：其工作依赖于两种载流子，即 多数载流子和少数载流子的流动，并有两个PN结。(2)场效应晶体管(简称场效应管)：其电流仅由多数载流子提供(可以是电子，也可以是空穴)，且只有一个PN结。,A transistor consists of three layers of semiconductor material:a thin layer of one type with the other type on each side There are two possible arrangements：N-type in the middle wit

6、h P-type on each side（PNP）and P-type in the middle with N-type on each side（NPN）2.The center is called base，one outside layer is called the emitter，and the other is known as the collector3（as shown in Fig.3-1）.,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circ

7、uit,晶体管由三层半导体材料构成：一种类型的薄层在中间，两边分别是另一种类型的材料。有两种安排：N型在中间，P型在两边(PNP)；P型在中间，N型在两边(NPN)。中间称为基极，两边分别为发射极和集电极(如图3-1所示)。,Fig.3-1 P-N Junction and Transistor,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,A transistor is an electronically device that regulates th

8、e current flowing through itCurrent from a power source enters the emitter,passes through the very thin base region,and leaves via the collectorCurrent flow is always in this direction.This current can be made to vary in amplitude by varying the current flowing in the base circuitIt takes only a sma

9、ll change of base current to control a relatively large collector current4It is this ability that enables the transistor to amplify5,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,晶体管是调节流过它的电流的电子器件，电流从电源流进发射极，穿过很薄的基区，再从集电极流出，电流始终朝着这个方向流动。改变基极电流，这个电流的大小也会

10、随着改变，基极电流只需很小的变化，就会引起集电极电流很大的变化。正是这种能力才使晶体管起到放大作用。,There are three basic ways of connecting transistors in a circuit（as shown in Fig.3-2）common-base，common-emitter，and common-collector.In the common-base connection，the signal is introduced into the emitter-base circuit and extracted from the collect

11、or-base circuitBecause the input or emitter-base circuit has a low impedance in the order of 0.5 to 50 ohms，and the output or collector base circuit has a high impedance in the order of 1000 ohms to one megohm，the voltage or power gain in this type of configuration may be in the order of 1500,电子与通信工

12、程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,晶体管在电路中有三种连接方式：共基极、共发射极和共集电极(如图3-2所示)。在共基极连接中，信号从射基回路输入，从集一基回路输出。因为射基回路的输入阻抗较低，约为0.5到50欧姆，而集一基回路的输出阻抗较高，约为1000欧姆到1兆欧，因此，这种结构的电路的电压或功率增益可达1500倍。,In the common-emitter connection，the signal is introduced into the ba

13、se-emitter circuit and extracted from the collector-emitter circuitThis configuration has more moderate input and output impedance than the common-base circuit The input(base-emitter)impedance is in the range of 20 to 5000 ohms，and output(collector-emitter)impedance is about 50 to 50000 ohms.Power g

14、ain in the order of 10,000(or about 40dB)can be realized with this circuit because it provides both current gain and,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,voltage gain,在共发射极连接中，信号从基一射回路输人，从集一射回路输出，与共基极连接相比，这种结构有中等的输入和输出阻抗，输入电阻约为20到5000欧姆，输出电阻约为5

15、0到50000欧姆。由于既有电压增益又有电流增益，这种结构的功率增益可以达到大约10000倍(约40dB)。,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,Fig3-2 Three Basic Ways of Connecting Transistors in A Circuit,The third type of connection is the common-collector circuit.In this configuration，the si

16、gnal is introduced into the base-collector circuit and extracted from the emitter-collector circuit Because the input impedance of the transistor is high and the output impedance low in this connection,the voltage gain is less than one and the power gain is usually lower than that obtained in a comm

17、on-base or a common-emitter circuit,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,第三种连接方式是共集电极连接。在这种结构中，信号从基集回路输入，从射集回路输出。因为晶体管的输入阻抗高而输出阻抗低，所以电路的电压增益小于1，而功率增益比共发射极或共基极连接的要低。,base beis n.底部；基础；基极adj.低劣的 vt.以作基础emitter imit n.发射器，发射体；发射极collector klekt n.

18、收藏家；收税员；征收者；集电极discrete diskri:t adj.离散的n.分立元件；独立部件integrate intireit vt.使成整体vi.成为一体n.集成体slice slais n.薄片；菜刀vt.切下；将切成薄片 vi.切开amplifier mplifai n.放大器，扩大器；扩音器amplify mplifai vt.放大，扩大；增强；详述 vi.详述,电子与通信工程专业英语,New Words and Phrases,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic

19、Circuit,junction dkn n.连接，接合；交叉点；接合点minority mainrti n.少数民族；未成年 adj.属于少数派的regulate rejuleit vt.调节，规定；有系统的管理；控制；校准amplitude mplitju:d n.振幅；广阔；丰富，充足幅度forward f:wd adj.早的；向前的；adv.正向；向前地n.前锋bias bais n.偏见；斜纹；偏置 vt.使存偏见 adj.偏斜的reverse riv:s n.背面；相反；反向 vt.颠倒adj.反面的extract ikstrkt,ekstrkt vt.摘录；输出；取出 n.摘录,

20、电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,impedance impi:dns n.电阻抗；全电阻；输入阻抗gain ein n.收获；增益；利润 vt.获得；增加vi.获利；增加configuration kn,fijurein n.配置；结构；外形moderate mdreit adj.适度的；中等的；温和的 v.节制；减轻in the order of 约为，大约in the range of 在范围内base-emitter circuit 基

21、射回路collector-emitter circuit 集射回路,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,1.emitter imit n.发射器，发射体；发射极，射极1）A transistor has three electrodes,the emitter,the base and the collector.晶体管有三个电极，即发射极，基极和集电极。（电子）2）One emitter(Spotlight)was used to light

22、up the scene.一个主光源(聚光灯)来照亮场景.3）From an explorer,drag the emitters name into the ICE Tree view to create a Get Data node for it.从浏览器栏中拖动发射器的名字到ICE树视窗中，这样就创建了一个 获取数据节点。,电子与通信工程专业英语,Word Study,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,2.collector klekt n.收藏家；收税员；征

23、收者；集电极The black metal plate is called a collector.黑色金属平板被叫作收集器。Does the collector current rise in equal steps for equal increments of base current?基极电流作等值增长时，集电极电流是否也相应地等值上升呢？,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,3.discrete diskri:t adj.离散的n.分立

24、元件；独立部件1)related phrases:discrete variable 分散变量/数 discrete system 离散系统 discrete mathematics 离散数学 discrete transistor 分立式晶体管 discrete resistor 分立电阻器,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,2）To move a discrete selection,the user must click and drag

25、 on the object in a single motion.为了移动一个离散选择，用户必须在单个操作中完成对对象的单击和拖 动。3）The capacitor can be fixed or varied by switching discrete capacitor segments in and out as dictated by system conditions.电容器可以是固定的或可变的,可变时则根据系统的情况决定离散电容 器分段的投入或退出。,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Trans

26、istor and Its Basic Circuit,4 amplify mplifai v.放大，扩大；增强；详述1)related phrases:amplify your message 强化你的通信 amplifier 放大器，扬声器 amplify on explicate 引伸 amplify magic 魔法增效2)A tube or circuit designed to amplify both voltage and current.为放大电压和电流两者而设计的一种电子管或电路。,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basi

27、c Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,5.regulate rejuleit vt.调节，规定；控制；校准1)related phrases:regulate control 调整控制 regulate climate 调节气候 regulate capital 约束资本；规定资本 regulate flow 调节流量 regulate condition 调整状态,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Ci

28、rcuit,2）Please regulate the sound on that radio.请调一下那个收音机的音量。3）To adjust or adapt to a certain proportion;regulate or temper.调衡调整或使适应一定的比率；调节或缓和。4）The regulate in moral is an important means for information fairness.道德调节是维护通信公平的重要手段。,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transi

29、stor and Its Basic Circuit,6 extract ikstrkt,ekstrkt vt.摘录；提取 n.摘录；选粹1)related phrases:extract fan 排气扇 licorice extract 甘草精华；甘草萃取 capsicum extract 辣椒萃取物 malt extract 麦芽提取物；麦精,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,2）Main ingredients:olive extract

30、 and silk protein.主要成分：橄榄精华、丝蛋白等。3）The extract of the abstract contract attracts my attention.抽象合同的节录吸引了我的注意力。4）We can extract pleasure from a party.我们可以从聚会中得到快乐。,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,7.amplitude mplitju:d n.振幅；广阔；丰富，1)related p

31、hrases:amplitude correction 振幅校正,幅度校正 amplitude detection 振幅检测；检波器 amplitude resolution 幅度分辨率，能量分辨率 amplitude equalization 振幅均衡；幅度均衡,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,2）Sound waves are measured by their amplitude.声波是根据其振幅来测量的.3）This represen

32、ts successive stages of transfer of amplitude to later lobes.这代表振幅向后面波瓣传递的相继各阶段。,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,8configuration kn,fijurein n.配置；结构；外形1)related phrases:reference configuration 参考结构；参考配置 electron configuration 参考结构；参考配置 comp

33、uter configuration 计算机配置 hardware configuration 设备配置；硬件组态 configuration interaction 组态相互作用,电子与通信工程专业英语,Unit 3 The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,The Transistor and Its Basic Circuit,2）The change control system is a subsystem of the configuration management system.变更控制系统是配置管理系统的一个子系统。3）A set of logic that is represented by a single Configuration Space.由单一配置空间来表示的一组逻辑电路。4）Select a host or network