unit2.docx

1、unit2讲义一、单词检测Campn.度假营 international adj.国际的admit v.（常指勉强）承认 spare adj.空余的，空闲的fail v.失败，未能（做到） manage v.完成（困难的事），勉力完成everydayadj.每天的，日常的 whatever pron.任何事物，一切事物anyway adv.无论如何，反正 especially adv.尤其，特别二、短语检测set off 使（炸弹等）爆炸 ，出发 take off 脱下，（飞机等）起飞get used to 习惯于，适应 on time 准时，按时turn on 打开 take part in

2、 参加to a certain degree 在某种程度上 under the weather 略有不适，不得劲get married (to sb.) （与某人）结婚in ones spare time 在某人的空闲时间里三、重点词汇1. Im here today to tell you about my experience as an exchange student in the United States last year.今天我到这里来就是想跟你们谈一下去年我作为一个交换生在美国的一些经历。tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 例如：Could you pl

3、ease tell me about your hometown? 你可以告诉我你的家乡吗？The teacher tells the students about how to prepare the exam. 老师告诉学生怎么样准备考试。【拓展】 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人干什么I tell my friends to go hiking with us next weekend. 我告诉我的朋友下个周末和我们一起去远足。 as 作为I work as an English teacher. 我是一位英语老师。I dont think much of her as

4、a musician. 她作为一名音乐家，我认为不怎么样。2.They organized a lot of activities for me in my spare time so that I wouldnt miss home or feel lonely.他们在我的空闲时间里为我组织了很多活动，以至于我不会那么思念家乡或者感觉孤独。in ones spare time = in ones free time 在某人的空闲时间里Spare adj. 空闲的；空余的；备用的；预备的His spare money goes on books. 他多余的钱都花在买书上。We have no

5、spare rooms. 我们没有多余的房间。We always have a spare wheel in our car. 我们总是在汽车上带一个备用的轮胎She always volunteer at the hospital in her spare time. 她总是在她的空闲时间里去医院当志愿者。 so that 以至于 （引导目的状语从句，也是本课的语法重点）He saved up his money so that he might go abroad for his summer holiday.他把钱积蓄起来，以便暑期能出国度假。Lets get ready now so

6、that we can leave when father comes.我们现在就准备好等父亲一来我们就可以走了。3. However, to a certain degree, life in the US was hard to get used to.然而，从某种程度上说，在美国的生活还是很难习惯的。degree (n.) 程度The chairman agreed with me to a certain degree. 主席在某种程度上同意我的意见。The workers show different degrees of skill. 工人们表现出不同程度的技巧。Water fre

7、ezes at zero degrees Centigrade. 水在摄氏零度结冰。【拓展】bachelors degree 学士学位masters degree 硕士学位doctors degree 博士学位get used to doing 习惯/ 适应干什么My father gets used to getting up early. 我父亲习惯起早床。I have got used to an apple every morning. 我已经习惯每天早上吃一个苹果。4. whatever (pron.) 任何事物，一切事物Whatever I said, they disagreed

8、. 无论我说什么，他们都不同意。The person has lied so much that people turn a deaf ear to whatever he says.那个人撒了那么多的谎，不管他说什么都没有人听了。Just take whatever you need. 你需要什么就拿走吧。5、require sb. to do 要求某人干什么（比ask sb. to do 显得更正式）The school requires students to go to school in advance.学校要求学生提前来到学校。You are required by law to

9、wear seat belts. 法律规定你要系安全带。6. as well 也，又 （常放在句尾，有时可以不翻译出来）Some students have strange hairstyles as well. 有些学生也留些奇怪的发型。If you go to the museum, I will go as well. 如果你去博物馆，我也会去。If that is the case， I may try as well. 既然如此，我不妨也试一试。7、admit（常指勉强）承认 admitted- admitted- admittingI must admit that at firs

10、t America was a big culture shock for me. 我必须承认，起初美国文化对我来说说是一次大的文化冲击。You have to admit that Sheila has a good point. 你不得不承认希拉有一个优点。He will never admit to me that he is lazy. 他不会向我承认他懒惰。【搭配】：admit doing sth. 承认做了某事He admitted having stolen the car. 他承认偷了那辆车。The man admitted hiding in the box before t

11、he plane left London.那个人承认在飞机离开伦敦以前他就藏在箱子里。8、fail (v.)失败，未能做到I failed to understand much in the first few weeks because everyone spoke so fast.在最初的几周，我未能理解多少，因为大家说的很快。The first attempt may fail, but we dont care about that. 第一次尝试可能会失败，但是我们并不为此担忧。 If you fail to plan, you plan to fail. 如果你不做计划，那就是在计划

12、着失败。Annie tried, failed, and then succeeded. 安妮经过尝试，失败最后取得了胜利。【句型】：fail to do sth. 未能做成什么The doctor failed to save the girls life. 那位医生未能把女孩就活。Jack failed to hand in his composition on time. Jack 没能按时交作文。【同根词】： failure (n.) 失败；失败的人或事物Failure in one examination should not stop you trying again.一次考试不及

13、格不妨碍你再试一次。9、manage(v.)设法、做成、管理Though I soon managed to get used to it, I still had problems because they used a lot of idioms. 虽然我很快就勉强适应了，但我仍然有麻烦，因为他们用了许多习语（ 方言）。He managed to swim across the English Channel. 他终于游过了英吉利海峡。It was heavy, but I managed to get it up the stairs.虽然那东西很重，我还是设法把它搬上了楼。【拓展】：m

14、anagement (n.) 管理； manager(n.)经理，经纪人He studied Business Management. 他学过企业管理。-That meal was terrible. -I want to speak to the manager.那顿饭真差劲，我要找经理谈谈。10、Especially (adv.) 尤其；特别I love cold drinks, especially in summer. 我很爱喝冷饮，特别是在夏天。Drive carefully, especially at night. 开车一定要小心，尤其是在夜间。Im especially loo

15、king forward to seeing the new baby. 我非常渴望看到新生婴儿。【近义词】：particularly (adv.)尤其I like all her novels, but her latest is particularly good.我喜欢她所有的小说，最新的一部尤其好。练习 1. As a traditional way to celebrate the new year, _ firecrackers is welcomed by most Chinese people.2. He _ his shoes, and went into the bedro

16、om.3. There are a lot of useful things to learn_.4. The factory was not far from the village. However, _ it influenced the normal life of the villagers.5. When she first went to the farmland, she found life there a bit difficult to _.6. If you know that hes been _, you must ask him to see the doctor

17、.7. Hes sunbathing _ he can get browner.8. A famous scientist will come to our school to _about the universe next Friday.9. Not only I like this movie, but my mother likes it _.10. Our classroom _theirs, ours is brighter.四、状语从句的用法状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词、副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原因状语从句

18、，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1. 时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard when I got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished m

19、iddle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否

20、定式，其含义是“直到才”, “在以前不”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如： The young man read till the light went out（熄灭）.Lets wait until the rain stops.We wont start until Bob comes.Dont get off until the bus stops.【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续。 Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或该状况将中止（不怎么可能持续）。固定组合里from morning

21、till night，till/until是不能替换的，】2. 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思

22、上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or youll be late. =If you dont hurry up, youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam.3. 原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：He didnt come to school because he was ill.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask

23、 someone else.(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：-Why arent going there?-Because I dont want to.As he has no car, he cant get there easily.Since we have no money, we cant buy it.(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。4. 结果状语从句(1)

24、结果状语从句由sothat, suchthat, so that引导。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.(2)sothat语such.that可以互换。例如：在由so.that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “.so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：He was s

25、o glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever（几乎不，从来不） see her.在由suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.

26、He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.（天花板）He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an impo

27、rtant match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant with you.5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由asas, 比较级 + than等连词引导

28、。例如：Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is as big as that one.6. 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that（为了，以便）引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2

29、)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)7. 让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.

30、Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能和but用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.8. 地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：Go where you like.Where there is a will,

31、there is a way.总结：状语从句分类及常用连词：类别 连 词时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once（一旦）地点状语从句 where, wherever原因状语从句 because, since, as, for, now that（既然，由于）etc. 目的状语从句 in order that(为了，以便), so that, that, etc.结果状语从句 sothat, so that, suchthat, that, etc.条件状语从句 if, unless, as(so)long as, etc.让步状语从句 though, although, even