初中英语重要句型及语法.docx

1、初中英语重要句型及语法初中英语重要句型及语法初中英语重要句型及语法1want to do sth.=would like to do sth=feel like doing sth想做某事want sb to do sth.=would like sb to do sth想要某人做某事2enjoy doing sth. =like dong sth=love dong sth 喜欢做某事（习惯，爱好） like to do sth 喜欢去做某事 （具体某一次） 3hold on to do sth. 继续做某事go on doing sth. 继续做某事 continue doing sth.

2、 继续做某事 consider doing sth.考虑做某事 give up doing sth.放弃做某事 cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事practice doing sth.练习做某事finish doing sth.完成某事have/has/had fun doing sth.某事很快乐have experience doing 在做某事有经验begin doing sth开始做某事start doing sth开始做某事spend time doing sth. 花时间做某事be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事make a living doing

3、sth.以谋生.have a difficult time doing sth.做.难have a problem doing sth.做.难have trouble doing sth.做.难keep on doing sth. = keep sb. doing sth.不停地做某事4be good at doing sth 擅长于做某事 do well in doing sth擅长于做某事 thank you for doing sth 感谢做某事thanks for doing sth感谢做某事be used for doing sth 被用于做某事be used to doing st

4、h 习惯做某事how about doing sth 做某事怎样what about doing sth 做某事怎样put off doing sth推迟做某事take pride in doing sth.以为自豪by doing sth通过做某事be afraid to do sth害怕做某事be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事be terrified of doing sth. 害怕做某事5be doing sth.正在做某事（现在进行时或过去进行时，也可以表示将来时）be going to do sth =will do sth=shall do sth=want t

5、o do sth打算做某事（将来时）have/has done sth做过某事(现在完成时)have/has been doing sth一直做某事（现在完成进行时）have/has been in一直在某地have/has been to 曾经去过某地（已回来，强调有这个经历）have/has gone to 已经去某地了（人不在这里）6remember to do sth记得去做某事（没做）remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做）forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（没做）forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做）stop to do sth停

6、下来去做某事stop doing sth停止做某事7ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事ask sb.for sth.向某人询求某物8why not do sth为什么不做某事why dont you do sth为什么不做某事9Do sth ,please=please do sth请做某事please not do sth请不要做某事Dont do sth,please请不要做某事had better do sth最好做某事had better not do sth最好不做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事mind not doing sth. 介意不做某事dec

7、ide to do sth.决定做某事decide not to do sth.决定不做某事plan to do sth 计划做某事plan not to do sth 计划不做某事make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 make sb.not do sth. 使某人不做某事ask sb. to do sth 叫某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事tell sb. to do sth叫某人做某事tell sb. not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事try to do sth. 努力做某事try not to do sth. 努力不做某事Let

8、sb do sth让某人做某事Let sb not do sth让某人不做某事expect sb. to do sth期望某人做某事be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事11.agree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事invite sb. to do sth邀请某人做某事 hope to do sth 希望做某事need to do sth.需要做某事12.help sb do sth= help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 13.find sb do sth发现某人做过某事(已做)find sb doing sth发现某人正做某事see sb do s

9、th看见某人做过某事(已做)see sb doing sth看见某人正做某事watch sb do sth看见某人做过某事(已做)watch sb doing sth看见某人正做某事hear sb do sth听见某人做过某事(已做)hear sb doing sth听见某人正做某事14. Its +形容词+to do sth. = To do sth is+形容词 做是.的15. doing sth. takes sb. Some time/ money做某事花某人一些时间或钱=It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 做某事花费某人一些时间或钱=sb.

10、 spends some time/money (on sth.)某人花费某些时间或钱在某事上=sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth. 某人花费某些时间或钱做某事=sth. costs sb. some time/money某事花了某人一些时间或钱=sb. pay some money for sth.某人为某物花了一些钱15.prefer sb./sth.更喜欢某人/某物prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事(爱好)prefer to do sth. 更喜欢去做某事(具体某一次)prefer sb. to do sth. 更喜欢某人做某事

11、prefer doing sth to doing sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.更喜欢去做某事而不做某事.do sth rather than do sth 做某事而不做某事或做某事胜于做某事16a number of=many 许多 the number of.的数量，谓语是单数 one of +复数名词或代词 表示“ 之一 ”18because of+词/短语because+句子19borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物(借入) lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物

12、(借出) give sth to sb把某物给某人=give sb sth给某人某物20be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事be used to do sth被用于做某事used to do sth过去常做某事21make a contribution to doing sth.为.做贡献 look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事 22what + ( a/an)+形名（主语谓语）！how+形（主语谓语）！What a beautiful girl she is!她是个多么漂亮的姑娘！What bad weather it is!真糟糕的天气！How d

13、elicious the food is!好美味的食物！23too much +名词，表示“太多”much too+形容词或副词，表示“太”24openopen 打开开着的 sleepasleep 睡觉睡着的closeclosed 关闭关着的 wakeawake醒来醒着的crossacross动词介词25in front of 在物体内部的前面in the front of 在物体外部的前面26in the tree 外来物在树上on the tree 树本身物在树上27hundred, thousand, million在具体数字前不能加s，表示概数时：hundreds of数百， thou

14、sands of数千, millions of数万。28完成时常和already已经,ever曾经,never从不,just刚刚,before之前,yet还,so far到目前为止,these days目前,since自从,for达，计等词连用。结构是“have /has done sth”或“have/has been doing sth”29. since+时间点，常和ago连用， for+一段时间，不能和ago连用，动词必须是延续性的如:keep或be+形容词等，注意：buy, borrow, lend ,leave, die等是短暂性动词30too +形容词或副词+to do sth,

15、表示“太而不能” so+形容词或副词+that+从句，表示“如此以至于.”31except除了（减去后者） besides除了（加上后者）32含有否定意义的单词有：no没有,never从不,nothing没事,nobody没人,none没事/没人,hardly几乎不,few很少，几乎没有,little很少，几乎没有。33everyone, everything, something, anything, somebody, anybody等是不定代词，不定代词做主语时，谓语用第三人称单数形式。动名词做主语时，谓语也用第三人称单数形式。34形/副+enough，如：big enough, bus

16、y enough 不定代词+形/副，如：something different, anything wrong35. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越” “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越, 就越”36比较级前面常用much, even, a little, far来修饰,绝不能用more来修饰.37. be+动词ing，表示进行时或将来时。 be+动词过去分词，表示被动语态，由by引出动作执行者.38主句是一般过去式，从句也要用一般过去时，但从句是客观真理时要用一般现在时。从句要用陈述句语序。39 whetheror not是否40 if是否if如果，引导条件状语从句时：主将从

17、现，从现主将。（从句主语是第三人称单数时，动词要加s或es）40. 表达与现在事实相反获与将来事实相反的时候用虚拟语气.从句:If+主语+动词的过去式(be的过去式一律用were)。主句:主语+would+动词原型。41 also, both, all要放在be后，行为动词前。如:We are all Chinese, We all like China. 我们都是中国人，我们爱中国。42 形容词通常放在be, keep, sound, look, feel，的后面,副词修饰动词，放在动词的后面,如：The problem is easy,I can do it easily.以下是形容词变为

18、副词：goodwell luckyluckily clearclearly alonelonelyhappyhappily badbadly friendlyfriendlily politepolitelyquickquickly slowslowly especial especially easyeasily carefulcarefully nearnearly susessfulsusessfully loudloudly43. so+主语+助动词, 表示“.确实如此”44.Me,too =so+ 助动词+主语，用于肯定句,表示“.也是” Me neither=Neither+助动词

19、+主语=主语+助动词否定式,either, 用于否定句.如：I am Chinese, Me,too =so am II am not Japanese, Me neither= Neither am I=I am not,either.44. there be某地有某物 have/has 某人有某物 there will be=there is going to be将会有45.when+动词过去式(短暂性动词)while+be +动词ing(延续性动词)46. some和something用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句，希望得到肯定的回答。any 和anything用于否定句和疑问句。47.

20、 基数词序数词：onefirst twosecond threethird fivefifth twelvetwelfth eighteighth nineninth twentytwentieth48.星期：Sunday ,Monday, Tuesday ,Wednesday ,Thursday , Friday, Saturday月份：January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December.49.季节: spring, summer, autumn, w

21、inter.50. good/wellbetterbest 好更好最好bad/badlyworseworst 糟糕更糟糕最糟糕many/muchmoremost 多更多最多farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest 远更远最远littlelessleast +不可数名词, 少更少最少fewfewerfewest +可数名词复数, 少更少最少51.一般疑问句常以am /iswas, arewere, cancould, do/doesdid willwould, mustmust, shallshould, have/hashad开头，用yes或no回答.其否定式是：

22、isntwasnt arentwerent dont/doesntdidnt cantcouldnt wontwouldnt havent/hasnthadnt mustmustnt shouldshouldnt注意：must开头的疑问句不能用mustnt 回答，而用neednt来回答。52选择疑问句用or连接，选择其中一个回答。53. 特殊疑问句以疑问词开头:what什么？ where在哪里？ when什么时候？what time几点？Why为什么？ how怎样？how old几岁？how many多少？ how much多少？how often多久时间一次 how long 多久？（用fo

23、r+一段时间回答）how soon 多快（用in+一段时间回答）, 特殊疑问句根据具体情况回答.还有 what color什么颜色？what size? 什么尺寸？what subject什么科目？what do you think of.?=how do you like?你认为怎么样？Whats the weather?=hows the weather like?天气如何？54. drivedriver teachteacher readreader playplayer writewriter listenlistener singsinger dancedancerinventinv

24、entor visitvisitor act actor cookcook55. windwindy sunsunny cloudcloudy snowsnowy rainrainy56. ChinaChinese JapanJapanese AmericaAmericanCanada Canadian AustraliaAustralian57. AsiaAsian EuropeEuropean58. peoplepeople ChineseChinese AmericanAmericans sheepsheep footfeet toothteeth childchildren manme

25、n womanwomen tomatotomatoes potatopotatoes heroheroes NegroNegroesleafleaves lifelives thiefthieves knifeknives shelfshelvesselfselves wifewives wolfwolves59.invent(发明) invention(发明) inventor(发明家) care(小心) careful(小心的) carefully (小心地)operate(手术) operation(手术) helphelpful(有帮助的)friend(朋友)friendly(友好的)

26、 happy(高兴的)unhappy(不高兴的) usual(平常的)unusual(不平常的) like(喜欢)unlike(不喜欢)60. something, anything, somewhere, everyone, everything, each等是不定代词，不定代词要放在形容词前面，如：somewhere interesting(某个有趣的地方) something wrong（一些毛病）不定代词做主语时，谓语要用第三人称单数形式。如：Everyone in our class likes junk food very much.61. 代词 (pron.)第一人称单数第二人称

27、单数和复数第三人称单数（三单）第一人称复数第三人称复数人称代词我你 / 你们他她它我们他们主格Iyouhesheitwethey宾格meyouhimheritusthem物主代词我的你的/ 你们的他的她的它的我们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsourtheir名词词性mineyourshishersitsourstheirs反身代词myselfyourself/yourselveshimselfherselfitselfourselvesthemselves注：（1）代词要放在短语中间，如：pick it up不能说 pick up it。（2）主格做主语（动作的执行者），宾格做

28、宾语（动作的承受行者）。（3）形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词（4）help yourself 随便吃如:Help yourself to some fruit.（5）enjoy oneself 过得开心. 如:They enjoy themselves.（6）by oneself 单独地,孤独地. 如:I finish my homework by myself. (7 ) learn.by oneself 自习62. 动+ing形式可以做主语，注意：谓语要用第三人称单数形式。如：Eating more fruits and vegetables is good for our hea

29、lth.63.also要放在be后，行为动词前。(both, all也一样)64. be made of用.制成(能看出原材料) be made from 用制成(看不出原材料) 65. such as举例（2个或2个以上对象） for example举例（只有一个对象）66. Youre welcome=Not at all不用谢，别客气。Thats all right=Thats OK=Its my pleasure不用谢，别客气。67. Thats right对！ Thats wrong错！ All right=Ok 行！好的！68. Thank you all the same = T

30、hank you anyway依然谢谢！还是谢谢。69. Im sorry to hear that, 听了很难过，很抱歉，很遗憾。70.It doesnt matter.没关系。 Im sure you will.我相信你会。Im afraid I cant. 恐怕我不能。 Im afraid not.恐怕不会。Its hard to say.很难说。 Im not sure.我没确定。Iv no idea.我没拿定注意。 I think so.我认为这样。Congratulations! 祝贺你！ I dont think so. 我不认为。Well done! 干得好！ I dont care我不介意。 No hurry 不着急。 Never mind不介意。71.home, here, there是副词，前面不能有任何介词，如:go home 回家，get home 到家，