1、高考英语现在完成时专题训练答案高考英语现在完成时专题训练答案一、单项选择现在完成时1I am a better reader this year than I was last year because I _ to hundreds of new concepts and ideas.Ahave exposed Bhad been exposed Chave been exposed Dwas exposed【答案】C【解析】【分析】考查时态。【详解】句意:今年我比去年更擅长阅读,因为我接触了数百种新的概念和想法。由上文可知“阅读”的动作发生在去年,延续到今年,并对现在产生了影响,故应为现在
2、完成时。Expose“暴露;揭发”为瞬间性动词,此处现在完成时需改为延续性动词表示“接触”的状态,故用be exposed。综上本题最终选C。2- Each of the students, working hard at their lessons, _ the book.- So have I.Ais reading Bhas readCreading Dreads【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:努力学习的每个学生都阅读了这本书。我也读了!根据第二句中的助动词have可知前句中也应该使用助动词have/has,主语each of the students做主语,谓语动词
3、使用单数形式,故B项正确。【点睛】主谓一致主要指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说,往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则的支配:语法一致原则 (grammatical concord) 意义一致原则 (notional concord) 就近原则 (principle of proximity)。“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数做主语、不可数名词做主语、不定代词做主语、并列结构做主语、特殊名词做主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。列举如下用法:1. 单数名词(代词),不可数名词做主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)
4、做主语,谓语用复数形式。The desk is Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 2. many a+单数名词做主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。 3. more than one+单数名词做主语,谓语用单数。More than one student has ever been to B
5、eijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 4. 表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语做主语时,这些通常做一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。例如: Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。 Ten miles isnt a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。 5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。Each b
6、oy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工做。 6. one and a half+复数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。 7. 动词不定式,动名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。To see is to believe 眼见为实。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。因此在实际操练中要指
7、导学法,掌握基本用法,注意变化就能突破3My dad still doesnt have a driving license. He _ his driving test seven times!Ahas failed Bfailed Chad failed Dfails【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时时态。句意:我爸爸还没有驾照。他驾驶考试已经七次不及格了!根据次数seven times七次,可知要用现在完成时“has/have+ done”,主语是He,故用单数has,故选A。【点睛】现在完成时是由助动词“have(has)+过去分词”构成的,其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同,
8、不规则动词的过去分词则需要加强记忆。主要用法如下:1、表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如:I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。(“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作,对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”)2、表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,也可以表示实质可能继续下去的动作或状态.这时往往与表示一段的时间状语连用。例如:I have been here for just over two years. 我到这里才两年多。He has worked here since 1989. 从1989年,他就在这里工作。3、现在完成时属于现在时态范围
9、,因此不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday,last night,two weeks ago等,但可以和never,ever,already,yet,just,for.,since等连用。例如:Have you finished your work yet?你已经完成你的工作了吗?I have never heard that before. 过去,我从未听说过那件事。4 When will the professor come and give the lecture on the spirits of contracts? Not until our program _ b
10、y our school.Aapproves Bwill be approved Cis to approve Dhas been approved【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:教授什么时候来做关于契约精神的讲座?直到我们的课程得到学校的批准。本句省略了主句后的时间状语从句,从句中谓语动词用现在完成时态代替将来完成时。our program和动词approve是被动关系,用被动语态。故选D。5-Is this the first time you _Beijing.-No. But the first time I _ here, the city wasnt so beautif
11、ul.Avisited; have come Bvisited; cameChave visited; have come Dhave visited; came【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时和一般过去时。句意:-.这是你第一次来北京吗?-不。但是我第一次来这里的时候,这座城市并不那么漂亮。It /This is the first time+that-结构中, that-从句用现在完成时。The first time是时间状语从句的从属连词,由“the city wasnt so beautiful.”可知,从句为一般过去时。故D选项正确。6During the last thre
12、e decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs sharply.Awas increasing Bhas increasedChad increased Dwill be increasing【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查动词的时态语态。从句意“在过去的三十年中,参加健身锻炼的人数已经增加很多了”知,increase的动作虽然发生在过去,但一直持续到现在,同时由题眼“during the last three decades”可知,该空中应该用现在完成时态,所以只有B项符合语境。【名师点睛】
13、时态题的考查关键是抓住句子的上下文含义和句中的时间状语。要根据时间状语来选择合适的时态,在平时的学习中要注意积累有关时态的用法和各种时态的特殊之处。这句话的时间状语是During the last three decades是典型的现在完成时的时间状语。7_to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.AHaving been asked BTo askCHaving asked DTo be asked【答案】A【解析】试题分析:“由于那天晚上被要求加班,我错过了一场精彩的电影”,主语“我”和动词ask之间是动宾关系,要用过去
14、分词,“被要求加班”这一动作发生在动作missed之前,要用过去分词的完成式having been asked,A项正确;B项 to ask是动词不定式,表示目的或将要发生的动作,不正确;C项 having asked 是现在分词的完成式,不正确;D项 to be asked 是动词不定式的被动形式,不符合语境,故选A。考点:考查非谓语动词8With the development of the intelligent robot technology, people _ the importance of cooperating among robots, and the challenge
15、 in practice.Ahave been noticed Bare noticingCwill notice Dhave noticed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时态。句意:随着智能机器人技术的发展,人们已经注意到机器人之间合作的重要性,以及在实践中的挑战。结合句意可知句子用现在完成时态,people是句子主语,故答案为D。9Either the beautiful sights of this modern city or its local custom_ thousands of visitors during the past years.Ahave attracte
16、d Bwere attracting Chas attracted Dwas attracting【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意:无论是这座现代化城市的美丽景色还是当地的风俗习惯在过去的这些年都已经吸引了成千上万的游客。由“during the past years”可知,这句话使用现在完成时。“eitheror”作主语时,谓语动词形式与or后主语保持一致,its local custom是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。【点睛】during the past+时间段, in the the past +时间段,in the recent
17、+时间段都表示到现在为止的前一段时间,时态都用现在完成时。所以由本句话中的during the past years可知,这句话使用现在完成时。10They_for ten years.Ahas been married Bhave been marriedCgot married Dmarried【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查marry的用法。句意:他们结婚有十年的时间了。marry作不及物动词时有两种用法:get married to sb.(表动作)/be married to sb.(表状态);作及物动词时有marry sb.,根据for ten years可知,此处应当用be mar
18、ried to sb.强调状态,用现在完成时。故B选项正确。11 Lets go for a nice walk into the country this afternoon. Id like to, but I _ to go with Alice to buy some clothes.Aagreed Bwill agree Chave agreed Dhad agreed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时。句意:-今天下午我们去乡村散散步吧。-我很想去,但是我已经答应和爱丽丝一起去买衣服了。现在完成时表示过去动作对现在造成的影响。由“but ”可知,作者已经答应和爱丽丝一起去买衣
19、服了,所以不能去乡村散步了。故可知选C项。12Never _ a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or nobler thing than you.Adid I see Bhave I seenCI saw DI have seen【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和倒装。句意:我从未见过比你更伟大、更美丽、更冷静、更高贵的东西。Never位于句首时,要进行部分倒装,强调过去的动作对现在的影响要用现在完成时,故B项正确。【点睛】倒装是高中英语的常见考点,注意当含有否定意义的词,如never,hardly,seldom,little,few,not
20、 until及not only等位于句首时,其后需要用部分倒装。13All of her time _ to carrying out a further study on the cause of Alzheimers diseasesince she left school.Ahas been devoted BdevotedChas devoted Dwas devoted【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:自从她离开学校,她一直致力于对Alzheimer病因的进一步研究。此处since“自从-以来”,引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时态,主句用现在完成时态,且be devoted
21、 to“致力于-”,故选A。【点睛】1.since自从-以来(可做介词和连词),和现在完成时态连用。He has lived here since he came. 自从他来到这里,就一直在这里住着。2.It is /has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+其他。自从做某事有多长时间了。在这个句型中如果从句的动作是终止性动词,则表示从动作开始到现在多长时间了;如果从句的动作是持续性动词,则表示从动作结束到现在多长时间了。It is three years since he joined (终止性动词)the army.他参军有三年了;It is five years sin
22、ce he lived(持续性动词)here.他离开这有五年了。14Over the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs _ sharply.Awas increasing Bhas increasedChad increased Dwill be increasing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:在过去的三十年里,参加健身计划的人数急剧增加。Over the last three decades“在最近的30年里”和现在完成时态连用,故选B。15Wh
23、at do you think of our hometown?Very beautiful. You know it is the first time that I _ here.Awill be BwasChave been Dhad been【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查固定句型中的时态。固定句型:it is/was 序数词 time that sb这是第几次某人做某事的时候了;如果前面是is,后面使用现在完成时;如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时;本题前面是is,故使用现在完成时。句意:你认为我们国家怎么样?发出漂亮。你知道这是我第一次来到这里。故C正确。考点:考查固定句型中的时
24、态。点评:固定句型:it is/was 序数词 time that sb这是第几次某人做某事的时候了;如果前面是is,后面使用现在完成时;如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时;16Over the last 3 decades, the number of people taking part in voluntary work _ sharply.Awas increasing Bhas increasedChad increased Dwill be increasing【答案】B【解析】【分析】考查动词时态【详解】句意:在过去三十年里,参加志愿者活动的人们的数量急剧增长。根据题干中Ove
25、r the last 3 decades 得知是现在完成时,主语the number 是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数。故选B。17 What do you mean when saying every minute counts? A man who dares to waste one hour of time _ the value of life.Ahadnt discovered Bhasnt discoveredCdidnt discover Disnt discovering【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意: 当你说每分钟都很重要的时候,你什么意思? 敢于浪费一小时时间的人
26、还没有意识到生活的价值。根据句意可知正是他们没有意识到生活的价值,才敢于浪费时间。表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,要用现在完成时。故B项正确。18Jim _ the size of this board and has found that it _.Ahas measured; measures five metres in widthBmeasured; is measured five metres wideChas measured; is measured five metres wideDmeasures; has a measure of five metres wide【答案】
27、A【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:吉姆量过这块板的尺寸,发现它有五米宽。根据and has found that it _.可知用现在完成时,排除B和D,measure 当“测量”讲时,后面加数值,用主动语态,故选A。19In order to find the missing child, villagers _ all they can over the past five hours.Adid BdoChad done Dhave done【答案】D【解析】【分析】考查时态。【详解】句意:为了找到那个失踪的孩子,在过去的5个小时中,村民们已经做了所有他们能做的。句中they can
28、是定语从句,修饰先行词all,在从句中省略了can后面的do(因为主句谓语动词是实意动词do),根据句中时间状语over the past five hours可知用现在完成时。故选D。【点睛】现在完成时表示过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响。现在完成时的标志性时间状语有:already , ever , never , yet , just , before, still , lately ,since , for a long time ,up to now, until, so far, in the last few years/weeks/mouths , till now, recent
29、ly等等。20The recent 40 years great changes taking place all over China.Awitnessed Bhas witnessedChad witnessed Dwitnesses【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:近40年来,中国发生了巨大的变化。表示动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去,用现在完成时,故选B。21Alice, you are supposed _ part in the party in time.Sorry, but I had an unexpected visitor.Ato tak
30、e Bto have taken Cto be taking Dtaking【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定用法。句意:-你本来应该及时参加这个聚会的。-对不起,我有不速之客来访。结合语境,此处指“你本来应该及时参加这个聚会的”, be supposed to do“应该做,理应做”,由句意可知,“参加”这动作到现在已经完成了,强调“本来应该,应用现在完成时。故正确答案为B。22In the last few years, China _ great achievements in environmental protection.Ahas made Bhad madeCwas making Dis making【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意:在过去的这些年里,中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成就。由时间状语in the last few years可推知动作从过去一段时间持续到现在并对现在造成影响,用现在完成时。故选A。【名师点睛】判断时态可以从时间状语入手,题干中的in the last few years为现在完成时的时间标志词。类似的还有over/ for/ during the last/ past years/months均为现在完成时的时
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