小升初英语单词词组句型及语法总汇.docx

1、小升初英语单词词组句型及语法总汇初常考语法一、 Do you ? 的用法如：Do you use chopsticks in England?肯定回答：Yes, we do。否定回答：No, we dont。这个句型是在询问某人是否做某事的情况下用的，在回答这类疑问句时，注意人称和肯定、否定用法就可以了。二、 现在进行时态的用法特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be+主语+动词ing?如：What are you doing?陈述句：主语+be+动词ing。如：Were making a cake。这个时态用于强调正在进行的动作、事情。注意be动词的用法和现在分词的写法就可以了。(现在分词就是动词的i

2、ng形式，书第九页上面部分，是对学生已经学习的现在分词的总结)。三、Can 引导的疑问句及陈述句的用法 1、询问他人是否会做某事：Can + 主语+ do sth?如： Can you run fast? 肯：Yes, I can. 否：No, I cant。 2、询问自己是否可以吃(喝)某东西： Can I have?肯 Yes, you can. 否：No, you cant。 3、Can 引导的陈述句。肯定句：主语+ Can+ do sth. 如：This bird can fly。否定句：主语+ Cant + do sth。如：You cant go out。四、 完成时态 have/

3、 has got的用法 1、陈述句。单数第三人称作主语时：主语+ has got + sth. 如： LIjie has got a pet。 其他人称作主语时：主语+ have got + sth. 如：I have got a new kite。 2、疑问句。单数第三人称作主语时：Has + 主语+got sth? 如：Has she got a cold? 其他人称作主语时：Have + 主语+got sth? 如：Have you got a headache?have/ has got表示的是拥有，也表示患了什么病。五、 将来时态be + going to 的用法 1、陈述句。主语+

4、be + going to do . 如：Im going to run a race. 我将要参加赛跑。 主语+be + going to be . 如：Im going to be a doctor. 我要成为一名医生。 2、一般疑问句：be +主语+ going to do? 如：Are you going to go to Hong Kong? 肯： Yes, I am. 否：No, Im not。 3、特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+ be+主语+going to? 如：What are you going to do ? 答：Im going to 。六、 How many 句型及 Th

5、ere be 句型的用法1、Thesethose的用法。These 指与自己距离较近的。Those指与自己距离较远的。它们都是指复数名词的， 所以后面的名词一定要是复数的。如：These are some ducks。2、How many 句型。 用于询问数量的，需注意的是它后面接的可数名词要是复数， 如：How many stone aninals are there? There are 24. 回答用There be 句型。常 考 词 组 句 型1、allow sb to do sth 允许某人去做某事（后接动词不定式） My father allowed me to go out fo

6、r a walk after finishing my homework.2、asked sb (not) to do sth 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事） My father asked me to study hard. He asked me not to swim alone. be asked to do sth 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事 I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.3、be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 She is afraid to ask me questions.4、be af

7、aid of doing sth 害怕做某事 I am afraid of going out at night.5、be afaid of sth 害怕某物 He is afraid of snakes.6、be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶 He was amazed to meet the girl there. be amazed at sth 对某事感到惊讶 They were amazed at the news.7、be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事（常考） I was busy washing my car at that time.

8、 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。 I am busy with my work.8、be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying（某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来） The bus is coming/the dog is dying.9、be excited to do sth 对做感到兴奋 Jacky was excited to travel there by plane. be excited at sth Lily was excited at his words. be excited about doing sth He was excite

9、d about passing the exam without going overing books.10、be frightened to do sth 害怕去做某事 Sam is frightened to ride a horse.11、be glad/happy to do sth 高兴去做某事 She is happy to clean the blackboard with me. be pleased to do sth高兴做某事 She was pleased to help the old man yesterday. be pleased with sth 对某事感到高

10、兴/满意 The teacher was pleased with my answer.12.be interested in sth/doing sth 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣 She is interested in swimming in the river. My btother is interested in Chinese.13. be/get ready for/to do sth be ready for sth 为某事做好了准备 We are ready for the exam. be ready to do sth 为做某事做好了准备 We are ready t

11、o have a birthday party for her. get ready for sth为某事在做准备 We are getting ready for the exam. get ready for sth 为做某事而做准备13、be sorry to do sth 对做某事感到抱歉14、be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇 be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊奇15、be worth doing sth 值得做某事（worth 后接动词-ing形式，常考）16、begin to do sth begin/start to do/doin

12、g sth 开始去做某事 17、can/be able to afford (to buy) sth 有能力购买（供）18、can/may/must do sth could/would/should/might do sth19、cant wait to do sth 迫不急待地去做某事20、decide to do sth 决定去做某事 make up ones mind to do sth 下决心去做某事（常考） make a decision to do sth 对做某事作出决定21、deserve to do sth 值得/应该做22、encourage sb to do sth 鼓

13、励某人去做某事23、enjoy doing sth 乐意去做某事24、expect (sb) to do sth 期望去做某事25、fail to do sth 做某事失败 succeed doing sth 成功做了某事26、finish doing sth 做完某事（后接动词-ing形式）（常考）27、follow sb to do sth 跟随某人去做某事28. 让某人做某事（后接动词原形） get sb to do sth make sb do sth let sb do sth29、get/have a chance to do sth 得到一个做某事的机会30、give/pass/

14、show/lend/sell sb sth/sth to sb buy/get/bring sb sth/sth for sb31、go on to do sth 继续做事（常考） go on doing sth 继续做事（常考）32、hate to do/doing sth 讨厌/不喜欢做某事33、have fun doing sth34、have problems doing sth 做某事遇到困难35、让某人做某事（后接动词原形） have sb do sth have sth done have sth to do 有事要做 36、hear sb do sth 听到某人做某事（后接动词

15、原形，常考） hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事（常见）37、help to do sth 帮忙做某事 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事38、hope/wish to do sth 希望做某事 wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事39、I t seems that 这像是（后接从句） seem to do sth seem +adj40、Its + adj+(for sb) to do sth . Its+adj +(of sb) to do sth Its glad for him to hear the news.41、It take

16、s sb some time/money to do sth . 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）42、pay for cost spendon.、 it take to do sth43、Its best for sb to do sth、对某人来说做某事是最好的 had better do sth 最好做某事（注意had没有时态和人称的变化，better后接动词原形）44、Its time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的时候了45、keep (on)doing sth 坚持做某事（常考） keep sb doing sth 让某人做某事（常考） keep sb from d

17、oing sth 阻止某人做某事（常考） keep sb/sth +adj keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天（不要用borrow或lend）46、learn to do sth 学做某事 learn sth from sb 向某人学习47、like to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事 like sb to do sth 喜欢某人做某事48、need to do sth 需要做某事 need doing sth/to be done need sth neednt do sth49、prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿

18、而不愿（常考） prefer doing sth to doing sth 喜欢做胜过做 I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来，我更爱读书。 prefer to do sth 喜欢（爱）做某事50、refuse to do sth 拒绝做51.（常考） remember/forget to do sth 记得/忘记做某事 remember/forget doing sth 记得/忘记做过某事52、see sb do sth 看见某人做某事（结果） see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（正在进行中） be seen to

19、do sth 做某事被看见53、something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西（词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词） I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东西。54、spend some time (in)doing sth /on sth 花费时间做某事（注意动词要用ing形式）（常考） spend some money on sth/doing sth 买花了多少钱55、Sth is hard/difficult/easy to do 、 做好某事很难/容易56、stop to do sth 停下来去某事（两件事）（常考） stop do

20、ing sth 停止做某事 （一件事）（常考） stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事（常考）57、take turns to do sth 轮流做58、tell sb (not) to do sth 叫某人去（不要）做某事 be told to do sth 被告知不要做某事59、There is no need (for sb) to do sth 对某人来说没必要做某事60、There is no time (for sb ) to do sth have no time to do sth 没时间做某事61、too(for sb) to 太以致不能 so th

21、at not enough to do The boy is too young to go to school. 那男孩太小了以致不能上学。62、try/do ones best to do sth 尽力去做某事 try to do sth 试着（图）做某事63、used to do sth 过去常做某事( used to be + adj/a +n) Mr wang used to be a teacher worker、王先生过去是一位工人。 I used to live in the country、 过去我住在农村。64、want/would like to do sth 想做 wa

22、nt/would like sb to do sth 想某人做 feel like doing sth 喜爱做某事（注意like后接动词ing形式）65、warn sb (not) to do sth 警告某人做某事（或不要做某事）66、为什么不（表建议的句型，注意用动词原形） Why dont you do sth ? Why not do sth ? 表示建议的句型还有：What How about?（如果是动词，要用ing形式） Shall we?67、Would you like (sb) to do sth ?Yes, Id love to .68、Would you mind do

23、ing sth ? 你介意做某事吗？ Never mind/Not at all/of course not/certainly not . （从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了）69、Would you please (not) do sth 你可不可以不做？70、finish doing sth enjoy doing sth practise doing sth be good at doing sth stop sb from doing sth go on doing sth be busy doing sth see/hear/watch sb doing sth feel lik

24、e doing sth hate doing sth like doing sth do well in doing sth be afraid of doing sth be interested in doing sth make a contribution to第一讲 名词和名词的数名词是：人名、地名、事物名、抽象概念的名称的词。名词分为：专有名词和普通名词。（一）专有名词有：人名、 地名、 国家名、 某国人、 语言名、（Liming） （Beijing） （China、Japan） （Chinese、Japanese） （Chinese、）星期、 月份、 节日名 （Sunday） （

25、January） （New Years Day）专有名词的首写字母一定要大写，前面不能用冠词。（二）普通名词有：可数名词和不可数名词可数名词有：个体名词和集体名词。可数名词单数（个体名词），一般在名词前面加上冠词a/an。复数一般加“”。语法重点 -名词变复数： 一般情况加s：地图maps；书包bags；老师teachers；橘子oranges；玫瑰roses；猫cats；床beds“s”发音要注意：清对清，读/s/；浊对浊；读/z/；元音对浊音读/z/s、z、d?/后读/iz/“ts”读/ts/；“ds”读/dz/ 单词结尾是s、sh、ch、x + es、发音读/iz/：女服务员们 穿着连衣

26、裙 拿着玻璃杯 坐着公共汽车， 去上课。waitress-dress- glass- bus- class-盒子里走出几只狐狸，端着碟子，拿着刷子，戴着手表，吃着桃子来到海滩上，看教练 训鸵鸟。box- fox-dish- brush-watch- peach- beach- coach- ostrich- 以 o结尾分两种1）加es：黑人Negro- 英雄hero- 土豆potato- 西红柿tomato- 要加es2）加s：竹林边有 照相馆； 钢琴上有 收音机；动物园里有 袋鼠的 照片bamboo- studio- piano- radio- zoo- kangaroo- photo- 以

27、 y结尾的分两种：1）辅音字母加上y结尾的单词，把y变成i，再加es：国家城市有 工厂； 图书馆里有 词典； 婴儿 爱好听 故事country-city- factory- library- dictionary- baby- hobby- story-家庭 聚会吃 草莓。family- party- strawberry-2）元音字母加上y结尾的单词，直接加s：boy- toy- key- 以f，fe结尾的名词，变f，fe为ves妻子 拿刀 去宰狼，吓得小偷忙逃亡，躲在架后保 己 命， 半片 树叶 遮目光wife- knife- wolf- thief- shelf- self- life-

28、 half- leaf- 特殊名词特殊记：1）关于各种人的复数男人、女人 和 商人、 英 法 联盟a变e，man- woman businessman- Englishman- Frenchman-中 日 友好（单，复）是一致Chinese- Japanese-其他一律加s：German- American-2）中，日，瑞士人喜欢 鱼、 绵羊 、 鹿，Chinese，Japanese，Swissfish- sheep-deer-3）另外我们经常会考到一些名词的特殊形式有小孩 child- 小孩也是“ren”老鼠 mouse- 老鼠爱大米(rice)4）脚 和 牙齿oo变ee：foot- too

29、th-2 集体名词集体名词定义： 表示同一类别的人、动物或物件的集合体的名称叫做集体名词。集体名词中有的是可数名词，如：family （家庭） 、group （小组）、 team （队） 、 police （警察），有的是不可数名词，如：clothing （衣服） 、 furniture （家具），但在形式上都用单数形式。people（人们）, police（警察）, family（家庭）, team（队）, group（组）, crowd（人群）, cattle（牛群），class （班级）等均为集体名词。这些词表示一个整体概念时看作单数，强调集体中的成员时作复数看待。一句话语法：“人们、警察、家庭、队、组，人群、牛群”，都是集体。强调整体，用作单数，强调成员，当成复数。变来变去，形式单数。但不管是当作单数还是复数，这些词在形式上仍是单数，即单数形式单、复数意义。如：His family is a large family. 他的家是个大家庭。His family are workers. 他的家人都是工人。一 给下列的名词加上复数的形式book map ca