精读unit2单词.docx

1、精读unit2单词1. aggression侵略，侵犯The statement condemned the countrys brutal aggression against its nehghbour.敌对情绪Boys ususlly express their aggression by hitting each other.So far they had showed no aggression towards him.Physical-人身侵犯Verbal 口头侵犯an aggression upon ones right侵害某人的权利Such action constitutes

2、 an aggression upon womens rights.这种行为是对妇女权利的侵犯commit aggression against(对.)进行侵略特殊用法air aggression 侵犯领空; 空中侵袭commercial aggression 商业侵略cultural aggression 文化侵略economic aggression 经济侵略adj.aggressive 侵略的; 攻击的; 挑衅的盛气凌人的干劲很大的; 积极进取的; 活泼的迅速蔓延的an aggressive foreign policy侵略性的外交政策an aggressive salesman干劲很大

3、的售货员Martin is too aggressive .马丁太盛气凌人。n.aggressor .侵略者;挑衅者;侵略国A succession of military defeats weakened the aggressor.一连串的军事失败削弱了侵略者。The treaty was to the aggressors advantage.条约对侵略者有利。Assertive刚毅的，表现坚定的 过分自信的，武断的enterprising .有事业心的,有胆量的Some enterprising girls organized a sponsored walk.几个有魄力的女子筹办了一

4、项慈善步行活动。You are no longer the enterprising cook that once you were.你已不再是当年那个敢于创新的厨师了。2.几种分配的说法allot assign apportion 都含有“分配”、“分派”的意思。allot 指“通过抽签或权威人士将土地、工作或股票等分配成若干份”, 如:A part of this urgent task was allotted to us.这项紧急任务的一部分分给了我们。allot 还强调为某种明确的目标而分配定额, 而不指示以何种方式分配, 如:The government is ready to a

5、llot houses in that area.政府准备在那个地区分配住房。They allot a parking space to each exployee .Can we do the work withine the time they have alloted to us.assign 指“由权威人士将东西或任务指定或分配给某人”,（多指任务或工作） 如:The teacher assigned me a seat under the window.老师把窗下的座位分配给我。apportion 指 “派给适当的股份”或“按比例或计划分配”,如:apportion time amo

6、ng various employments为许多工作分配时间。它还强调依照公平的计划, 经常按某种原则按比例分配, 如:The reward money was apportioned among those who worked very hard.奖金分给那些努力工作的人。Allocate从整体中分出一部分（尤指政府拨款）3. succeed in .在(如某行业)中获得成功At last the climbers succeeded in conquering the difficult mountain.登山队员们终于成功地征服了这座难以攀登的山峰。Succeed to a fort

7、une继承大笔遗产upon 1.在上面She sat upon the sofa.她坐在沙发上。2.当时候Upon seeing her, I smiled and ran toward her.看到她我笑了, 并跑了过去。He succeed to throne upon the death of his farther.4.ascend上升, 攀登They began slowly ascending the rock face.The climbers slowly ascended the mountain.爬山运动员慢慢地登上了山。ascend to 升至; 追溯(到.时间)n.as

8、cendancy .优势；支配地位We have had ascendancy over the enemy in the battle.在战斗中我们已占有优势。n.ascent 上升，攀升4. descendant .后代, 后裔They are the descendants of Queen Victoria.他们是维多利亚女王的后裔。5.chi-寒意，寒气，恐惧chilled .已冷的,冷硬了的,冷冻的chilled meat冷藏肉chill冷飕飕的冷酷的, 冷淡的, 使人寒心的a chill breeze带寒意的微风The host gave him a chill receptio

9、n.主人(对客人而言)对他的接待是冷淡的。There is a noticable chill in the air today.A little chill run down her back.Chilly表示寒冷，多做表语用作定语时表示冷淡的不太友好5.cushion 1.垫子；软垫；坐垫；靠垫2.（隔离两个表面的）垫 3.起保护（或缓冲）作用的事物 4.(台球等运动) （台球桌内侧边缘的）弹性衬里 vt.1.使免遭损害；使免受令人不快的影响2.（用垫子）使柔和，使松软3.（跌倒或碰撞时）起缓冲作用；缓和冲击名词 n.He lay on the sofa with a cushion un

10、der his head.他躺在沙发上, 头底下枕了一个靠垫。Mat草垫6.古怪的odd peculiar queer strange 意思都含“奇怪的”。odd指“超出常规的”或“超出预期的不正常的”, 强调“违反正常情况”, 如:The book is anodd combination of audacity andintense conservatism.那本书很怪, 所谈内容既很大胆, 又非常保守。I had rather an odd experience the other daypeculiar指“与众不同的“、“罕见的”, 强调“独特性”, 如:He is very pecu

11、liar in his behavior.他的举止很古怪。The wine has a peculiar taste.这种酒有种怪怪的味道。queer 指“古怪的”, 强调“违反正常的”, 含有“可笑的”、“可疑的”的意思, 如:I had a queer sensation as if a worm was creeping down my spine.我有一种可疑的感觉, 好象有个虫子在顺着我的脊梁往下爬似的。strange是最普通、应用范围最广的词, 指“奇怪的”、“陌生的”, 强调“不常见的”、“生疏的”, 如:Its strange that the bus has been del

12、ayed so long.真奇怪, 汽车竟耽误这么长时间。Weired行为着装古怪bizarre .奇形怪状的, 怪诞的They saw a bizarre animal in the lake.他们在湖中看见一个奇怪的动物。法希奇古怪的, 异乎寻常的bizarre clothing奇装异服quaint （令人愉悦）离奇有趣的; 优雅的; 奇怪的做得很精巧的性格或外表异常的, 奇特的a quaint old house一座古雅的老房子a quaint method一个奇怪的方法outlandish autlndi外国气派的; 奇异的; 野蛮的; 偏僻的; 地方的异国风味的6.emphatic

13、加强语气的, 强调的an emphatic denial断然的否认显著的, 显眼的, 引人注目的，特殊的an emphatic honour特殊的光荣，表现有力的an emphatic victory大胜7. get on sb.s nerves wick 口刺激某人的神经, 使某人心烦意乱发脾气be all nerves 神经紧张, 高度不安lose ones nerves 害怕起来, 变得慌张, 不知所措8.gulp.哽住n.1.吞咽2.一大口(尤指液体) vt.1.狼吞虎咽地吃, 吞咽gulp down a glass of water Amelia gulped down her co

14、ffee and rushed out.艾米莉亚一口气喝下咖啡便匆匆跑了出去。2.大口地吸(气)She crawled onto the river bank and lay there gulping in air.她爬上河岸, 躺在那里喘着粗气。3.抑制(呜咽); 忍气 gulp down a sob饮泣吞声4.噎住，呛住devour 英divau 美dvar 过去式：devoured 过去分词：devoured 现在分词：devouring.狼吞虎咽地吃光; 贪婪地读看, 听The lions devoured a zebra in a short time.狮子一会儿就吃掉了一匹斑马。

15、 at a gulp.一饮（而尽）Having emptied his glass at a gulp, Roger pulled out a cigar.将杯中的酒一饮而尽后，罗杰抽出一支雪茄。8.inquire .打听, 询问The pilot inquired about the weather condition.这飞行员查问天气情况。I inquired the way to the station.我打听去火车站怎么走。I will inquire when to begin our lessons.我要去问一下我们什么时候开始上课。inquiring （只用于名词前）爱追根究底的

16、，爱探索的，爱打听的好奇的, 怀疑的, 探询的an inquiring mind爱追根究底的精神an inquiring look诧异的样子习惯用语inquire about 查问, 打听, 了解inquire upon 查问, 打听, 了解inquire after 问候inquire for 询问; 要求见(某人); 要买(某物)inquire into 盘查, 调查; 追究inquire out 问出, 查出Inquire sth of sb向某人打听=inquire of sb about sthinquire a matter of sb.向某人打听一件事He inquired th

17、e way.他问路。on inquiry 经询问; 经调查inquirycn询问打听make inquiriesscientific inquiry.科学调查.Un.调查询问Inquisition（威胁，令人不快的）查纠盘问inquisitive 好盘根问底的; 好奇的inquisitor .询问者,检察官,审理者9. get off the hooks 使脱身; 使摆脱困境off the hook 口摆脱困境; 脱身hook up (用扣子)扣起用钩钩起安装; 连接与.挂钩; 建立联系套车(把马套上车子)on the hook处于困境hooked痴迷的，上瘾的10.spontaneous自发

18、的simultaneous .同时发生的; 同时存在的, 同时发生（或进行）的；同步的The two simultaneous shots sounded like one.那同时发出的两声枪响听起来像是一响。instantaneous .瞬间发生的, 即刻的,立即的,立刻的,瞬间的He had an instantaneous response.他立刻作了反应。She accidentally swallowed the poison and death was instantaneous.她意外地吞下了毒药, 当即就死去了。homogeneous 1.同性质的, 同类的They are h

19、omogeneous people.他们是同类人。2.由相同（或同类型）事物（或人）组成的；10.get /start /set /keep the ball rolling使不中断，使继续Have the ball at ones feet有希望就一蹴而就have a ball .尽情享乐They all had a ball at the party.他们在聚会上尽情地玩乐。give a ball 举行舞会on the ball .机警, 高明, 敏锐的,内行，熟练That new teacher is really on the ball.那位新老师确实出色。Play ball with

20、合作11. mess及物动词 vt.1.弄脏; 弄乱Stop messing about and listen to me.别再胡闹了, 听我说。She messed up her new dress with blue ink.蓝墨水弄脏了她的新衣服。名词 n.1.杂乱, 脏乱; 脏东西Theres a lot of mess to clear up.有许多脏东西要清理。You look a mess.你外表太邋遢了。2.不整洁乱七八糟的人事This rooms in a mess.这个房间杂乱不堪。That report you did is a real mess.你写的那份报告乱七八糟

21、。3.粪便The dog made a mess on the carpet.狗在地毯上大便。be in a mess 乱七八糟, 处境狼狈clear up the mess 把弄乱的东西整理好, 清理混乱局面get into a mess 陷入困境, 遇到麻烦get sb. into a mess 使陷入狼狈处境go to mess 去食堂吃饭in a mess 零乱; 肮脏; 陷于窘境lose the number of ones mess 死, 阵亡; “了帐”make a mess 口拉屎, 大便(尤指婴儿, 动物)make a mess of 把.弄糟搞坏; 把.搞得一塌糊涂mess

22、 about 口胡乱摆弄; 瞎混; 瞎忙; 胡闹, 粗鲁对待某人, 动手动脚mess around 美俚浪费时间, 混乱; 管闲事mess together 集体用餐 mess up 1.弄乱, 弄糟, 把弄糟, 胡乱地做He got another chance and didnt want to mess up again.他又获得一次机会, 这次他再也不愿意把事情弄糟了。She messed up her new dress with blue ink.蓝墨水弄脏了她的新衣服。He didnt want to mess up the situation.他不想把事情弄糟。粗暴对待; 使(

23、某人)感情上受到创伤; 狠揍mess with 1.打扰Ive warned you already, dont mess with me.我已警告过你,不要来打扰我。2.乱搞He told his son not to mess with the TV set.他叫儿子不要乱弄电视机。3.同.一起用膳; 胡乱摆弄; 搞糟; 干扰; 与.厮混在一起; 参预messy adj.1.肮脏的Working underneath the car is always a messy job.在汽车底下工作是件脏活。2.混乱的；难以处理的；令人厌烦的a messy court case.Tamper wi

24、th篡改；擅自改动；胡乱摆弄（尤指有意破坏）摆弄Two policemen were accused of tampering with the evidence.有两名警察被控篡改证据。12. be moistened by rain被雨淋湿damp wet dank moist humid 都含潮湿的意思。damp指轻度潮湿, 使人感觉不舒服的, 如:I dont like damp weather.我不喜欢潮湿的天气。wet 指含水分或其他液体的、湿的, 如:be wet to the skin浑身湿透。dank 指阴湿的, 如:a dark dank and chilly cave一个

25、既黑暗又潮湿、又阴冷的洞。moist指微湿的、湿润的, 常含不十分干, 此湿度是令人愉快的意思, 如:Grasses were moist with dew.草被露水润湿了。humid为正式用语, 常表示空气中湿度大的, 如:In the east, the air is humid in summer.在东方, 夏季空气潮湿。13. oblige vt. & vi.1.迫使做; 使负义务2.满足请求; 施惠vt.1.感激2.（根据要求或需要）帮忙，效劳 及物动词 vt. & 不及物动词 vi.1.迫使做; 使负义务Wed be happy to oblige.我们乐于效劳。Poverty o

26、bliged her to live a hard life.贫困迫使她过艰苦的生活。2.满足请求; 施惠Sorry, I cant oblige you.很抱歉, 我不能帮你的忙。及物动词 vt.1.感激I should be obliged if you wouldnt say so.你如果不这样说, 我就感谢你了。2.（根据要求或需要）帮忙，效劳14.aisle过道Corridor走廊Passageway通道Passage通道15 powder擦粉Powder room=ladies roomShriek vt.尖声讲, 令人吃惊地说; 耸人听闻地报道描述shriek an alarm尖

27、声报警vi.尖声叫喊; 引人注意shriek out尖声哭叫shriek with laughter高声大笑shriek with pain痛得直叫cry shout call scream shriek screech hellow yell 都含“大喊”、“大叫”的意思。cry 属常用词, 多用于“因恐惧、悲哀、祈求、惊奇等而大叫”, 如:cry for help呼喊求救。shout是常用词, 多用于“因欢乐、赞美、发命令提出警告、唤起注意等而大声喊叫”, 如:She shouted for joy.她高兴得大声喊了起来。yell是常用词, 指“因求救、焦急、惊恐、愤怒或其他感情方面的原因

28、而大声地喊叫”, 如:yell the team to victory用喊声鼓励运动队取胜。call 为最常用词, 表示“以任何形式呼叫”, 如:Mother is calling me.母亲在叫我。scream指“由于痛苦、恐惧、惊奇、快乐等而尖叫”, 如:She screamed when she saw the child fall.当她看见那个孩子跌倒时, 她尖声地叫了起来。shriek 指“由于极端的恐怖、苦恼、不可控制的忿怒或大笑而高声刺耳地尖叫”, 如:Suddenly he began to shriek loudly.突然他开始大声尖叫起来。screech指“发出尖锐刺耳声”

29、, 如:The brakes screeched as the car stopped.汽车停时,发出尖锐刺耳的刹车声。bellow 指“大声或愤怒地喊叫”, 如:He bellowed when he was beaten.他挨打时吼叫起来。exclaim .（由于强烈的情感或痛苦而）呼喊, 惊叫, 大声说She exclaimed in delight when she saw the presents.她见到礼品高兴得叫了起来。He exclaimed that it was untrue.他大声说那不是真的。16.tense sb up使某人紧张Get even with sb与某人扯

30、平跟某人算账，向某人报复17.vicious 1.恶的, 邪恶的The drunkard led a vicious life.这个醉汉过着堕落的生活。2.残酷的, 狠毒的He gave the dog a vicious blow with his stick.他朝着那只狗狠狠地打了一棍子。3.凶猛的，危险的；充满仇恨的；恶劣的，严重的leash 1.拴猎狗的皮带I reached for the leash,but the dog got in between.我伸手去拿系狗绳,但被狗挡住了路。the vicious dog ought to be on a leash.及物动词 vt.1

31、.用皮带系住; 拴住; 缚住（尤指狗）16.whip up 激起，激发，引起tempo 1.意音（乐曲的）速度，拍子，节奏The tune has a fast tempo.该曲调节奏快。2.(运动或活动的)速度, 进度frenzy n.1.狂乱In a frenzy of hate he killed his enemy.他在一阵痛恨之下杀死了他的敌人。2.极度的激动n.狂乱, 疯狂似的激动drive sb. to frenzy使某人发狂in a frenzy在狂乱中in the frenzy of the moment在一时狂怒中spiteful .恶意的;居心不良的;故意使人苦恼的It

32、was very spiteful of her to do that.她干那件事是怀有恶意的。malicious .恶意的, 恶毒的Their talk was slightly malicious.他们的谈话有点儿心怀不轨。spite .恶意,怨恨The boy has a spite against me.这个男孩对我有恶意。hostile adj.怀有敌意的, 不友善的vicious circle/cycle恶性循环virtuous circle /cycle良性循环scour skauvi.擦, 擦亮; 冲刷, 冲洗victorious adj.胜利的;取胜的;凯旋的She shook hands with h