医学细胞生物学英文词汇翻译.docx

1、医学细胞生物学英文词汇翻译医学细胞生物学专业英语词汇acrocentric chromosome近端着丝粒染色体actin肌动蛋白actin filament肌动蛋白丝actinomycin D放线菌素 Dactivator活化物active transport主动运输adenine腺嘌呤adenosine monophosphate, AMP腺苷一磷酸 , 腺苷酸adenyl cyclase, AC腺苷酸环化酶adhesion plaque黏着斑agranular endoplasmic reticulum无颗粒内质网Alzheimer disease阿尔茨海默病amino acid氨基酸a

2、minoacyl site, A site氨基酰位， A 位amitosis; direct division无丝分裂；直接分裂amphipathic molecule双型性分子anaphase后期anchoring junction锚定连接annular granule孔环颗粒anticoding strand反编码链antigen抗原antiparallel逆平行性apoptic body凋亡小体apoptosis凋亡assembly组装aster星体asymmetry不对称性autolysis自溶作用autophagolysosome autophagy autoradiography

3、autosomeB lymphocyte bacteria base substitution belt desmosome bioblast biological macromolecule biomembrane biotechnology bivalent breakage cadherin calmodulin, CaM cAMP cAMP-dependent protein kinase capping carrier protein cat cry syndrome cell division cycle gene cell cell and molecular biology c

4、ell biology cell coat; glycocalyx cell culture cell cycle cell cycle-regulating protein自噬性溶酶体自噬作用 放射自显影技术常染色体B淋巴细胞细菌碱基替换带状桥粒生命小体生物大分子生物膜生物技术二价体断裂钙粘连素钙调蛋白环一磷酸腺苷 环一磷酸腺苷依赖型蛋白激酶 戴帽载体蛋白 猫叫综合症CDC基 因 细胞细胞分子生物学细胞生物学细胞衣；糖萼细胞培养细胞周期细胞周期调节蛋白cell cycle time细胞周期时间cell determination细胞决定cell differentiation细胞分化cell

5、 division cycle, CDC细胞分裂周期cell division cycle gene, CDC gene细胞分裂周期基因cell engineering细胞工程cell fractionation细胞分级分离cell fusion细胞融合cell junction细胞连接cell line细胞系cell membrane; plasma membrane细胞膜；质膜cell plate细胞板cell proliferation细胞增殖cell recognition细胞识别cell surface antigen细胞表面抗原cell theory细胞学说cell strain细

6、胞株cell aging细胞衰老cell synchronization细胞同步化cellular oxidation细胞氧化cellular respiration细胞呼吸central granule中央颗粒centromere着丝粒chalone抑素channel protein通道蛋白chemiosmotic hypothesis化学渗透假说chiasmata交叉cholesterol胆固醇chromatid染色单体chromatin染色质chromomere染色粒chromosome染色体chromosome arm染色体臂chromosome banding染色体带chromoso

7、me disease染色体病chromosome engineering染色体工程chromosome scaffold染色体支架chromosome syndrome染色体综合症cis Golgi network顺面高尔基网状结构cisterna (pl. cisternae )扁平囊clathrin笼蛋白clone克隆coated pit有被小窝coated vesicle包被小泡coding strand编码链codon密码子codon degeneracy密码子兼并性coenzyme辅酶collagenfibronectin, FN纤连蛋白communication junction通

8、讯连接complementation互补性condensation stage凝集期confocal laser scanning microscope共焦激光扫描显微镜connexin连接子constitutive heterochromatin结构异染色质continuous microtubules极微管converting enzyme转变酶crista ( pl. cristae )嵴cyanine胞嘧啶cyclin细胞周期素cydoeximide放线菌酮cytidine monophosphate, CMP胞苷一磷酸，胞苷酸cytokinesis细胞质分裂cytology细胞学cy

9、toplasm细胞质cytoplasm engineering细胞质工程cytoplasm substitution细胞质代换cytoplasmic plaque胞质斑cytoskeleton细胞骨架dark field microscope暗视野显微镜dedifferentiation去分化degeneracy兼并deletion缺失density gradient centrifugation密度梯度离心deoxyadenosine monophosphate, dAMP脱氧腺苷酸deoxycytidine monophosphate, dCMP脱氧胞苷酸deoxyguanosine mo

10、nophosphate, dGMP脱氧鸟苷酸deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA脱氧核糖核酸deoxythymidine monophosphate, dTMP脱氧胸苷酸desmosome桥粒diakinesis终变期differential centrifugation差速离心differential expression差异性表达differentiation induction分化诱导differentiation inhibition分化抑制diplococcus pneumonia肺炎双球菌diplotene双线期disassemblyDNA probe去组装DNA探

11、 针DNA合成期剂量补偿 二联管 重复 效应器 电偶联 电子显微镜 基粒 电融合 延长因子 胚胎诱导作用 内吞作用 内体性溶酶体 内膜系统 内质网 增强子 酶 赤道面 真核生物 常染色质 真核细胞 胞吐作用 外显子 细胞外基质 外在蛋白；外周蛋白 荧光小体 易化扩散DNA synthesis phase dosage compensation doublet duplication effector electric coupling electron microscope elementary particle eletronfusion elongation factor, EF embr

12、yonic induction endocytosis endolysosome endomembrane system endoplasmic reticulum, ER enhancer enzyme equatorial plane eucaryotes euchromatin eukaryotic cell exocytosis exon extracellular matrix, ECM extrinsic; peripheral protein F body facilitated diffusionfacultative heterochromatin兼性异染色质fibrilla

13、r component原纤维成分fibronectin, FN纤粘连蛋白fibrous actin, F-actin纤维状肌动蛋白flanking sequence侧翼顺序fluid mosaic model液态镶嵌模型fluorescence microscope荧光显微镜fluorescence recovery after荧光漂白恢复photobleaching, FRAPfork-initiation protein叉起始蛋白frameshift mutation移码突变free cell游离细胞free diffusion自由扩散free energy自由能galactocerebr

14、oside半乳糖脑苷脂ganglioside神经节苷脂gap junction间隙连接gene基因gene cluster基因簇gene engineering基因工程gene expression基因表达gene family基因家族gene mutation基因突变genetic code遗传密码genetic message遗传信息genome基因组genome engineering染色体工程genomic DNA library基因组DNA文库glycogen storage disease typenn型糖原畜积病glycolipid糖脂glycoprotein糖蛋白glycosa

15、minoglycan, GAG氨基聚糖glycosylation糖基化Golgi apparatus高尔基器Golgi body高尔基体Golgi complex高尔基复合体granular component颗粒成分granular drop脱粒granular endoplasmic reticulum颗粒内质网growth factor生长因子GT-AG ruleGT-AG法 则guanine鸟嘌呤guanosine monophosphate, GMP鸟苷一磷酸，鸟苷酸hemidesmosome半桥粒hereditary factor遗传因子heterochromatin异染色质het

16、erogeneous nuclear RNA, hnRNA不均一核 RNAheterokaryon异核体heterophagolysosome异噬性溶酶体heterophagy异噬作用heteropyknosis异固缩highly repetitive sequence高度重复序列histone组蛋白holoenzyme全酶homokaryon同核体housekeeping gene管家基因housekeeping protein管家蛋白human leukocyte antigen, HLA人白细胞抗原hyaluronic acid, HA透明质酸hybrid cell杂交细胞hyperdi

17、ploid超二倍体hypodiploid亚二倍体immunofluorescence microscopy免疫荧光显微镜技术immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白in vitro离体的in vivo体内的inactive X hypothesis失活 X 假说inborn errors of metabolism先天性代谢缺陷病inducer诱导物induction诱导inhibitor of mitotic factor, IMF有丝分裂因子抑制物initiation factor, IF起始因子inner membrane内膜inner nuclear membrane内层核膜insert

18、ion sequence, IS插入顺序Integral protein整合蛋白integrin整连蛋白inter membranespace; outer chamber膜间腔；外室intercellular communication细胞间通讯intercristal space; inner chamber嵴间腔；内室intermediate filament中间纤维internal membrane内膜internal reticular apparatus内网器interphase间期interstitial deletion中间缺失interzonal microtubules区间

19、微管intracristal space嵴内腔核仁内染色质 内在蛋白；整合蛋白 内含子 倒位倒位重复顺序 离子通道 离子偶联 跳跃基因 核型 着丝点 动粒微管 先天性睾丸发育不全症 后随链层粘连蛋白 侧向扩散 前导链 细线期 配体；化学信号 光学显微镜 线性多聚体 连接线 脂质体 液晶 低密度脂蛋白 奢侈基因 奢侈蛋白intra-nucleolar chromatin intrinsic; integral protein intron inversion inverted repetitive sequence ionic channel ionic coupling jumping gen

20、e karyotype kinetochore kinetochore microtubules Klinefelter s syndrome lagging strand laminin, LN lateral diffusion leading strand leptotene ligand; chemical signal light microscope linear polymer linker liposome liquid crystal low density lipoprotein, LDL luxury gene luxury proteinlymphokine 淋巴激活素

21、 lymphotoxin 淋巴毒素lysosome 溶酶体major histocompatibility complex, MHC 组织相容性复合体恶性 基质颗粒 基质 基质纤连蛋白 成熟促进因子 高尔基中间囊膜 减数分裂 膜抗原 膜碳水化合物 膜流 膜脂 膜蛋白 膜受体 膜相结构 信使核糖核酸 中间体 代谢偶联 中央着丝粒染色体 中期 微团 微丝 显微镜技术 微粒体 微梁网格 微管MAP 微管结合蛋白malignancy matrical granule matrix matrix fibronectin, mFN maturation-prompting factor, MPF medi

22、al Golgi stack meiosis membrane antigen membrane carbohydrate membrane flow membrane lipid membrane protein membrane receptor membranous structure messenger RNA mesosome metabolic coupling metacentric chromosome metaphase micelle microfilament microscopy microsome microtrabecular lattice microtubule

23、 microtubule associated protein, microtubule organizing centers, 微管组织中心MTOC微绒毛 中度重复序列 微带 错义突变 线粒体 有丝分裂 有丝分裂期 有丝分裂器 有丝分裂因子 流动性 基因表达调控模型分子生物学 分子病 单能细胞 单体性 多级螺旋模型 多能细胞 重症肌无力症 支原体 肌原纤维 坏死 神经肽 不连续性 非组蛋白 非膜相结构 无义突变 核被膜 核纤层microvillus middle repetitive sequence miniband missense mutation mitochondria mitos

24、is mitosis phase mitotic apparatus mitotic factor, MF mobility model for controlling gene expression molecular biology molecular disease monopotent cell monosomy multiple coiling model multipotent cell myasthenia gravis mycoplasma myofibrils necrosis neuropeptide non-continuation non-histone non-mem

25、branous structure nonsense mutation nuclear envelope nuclear laminanuclear matrix核基质nuclear pore核孔nuclear pore complex核孔复合体nuclear sap核液nuclear sex核性别nuclear skeleton核骨架nucleic acid核酸nucleic acid hybridization核酸分子杂交nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio核质比nucleoid类核体nucleoids拟核nucleolar associated chromatin核仁相随染色

26、质nucleolar organizing region核仁组织区nucleolus核仁nucleosome核小体nucleotide核苷酸nucleosome core核小体核心nucleus细胞核nucleus transplantation核移植法nucleus-cytoplasm hybrid核质杂种Okazaki fragment岗崎片段oligomer fibronectin,oFN寡聚纤连蛋白oncogene癌基因operator gene操纵基因operon操纵子operon theory操纵子学说organelle细胞器origin起点outer membrane外膜oute

27、r nuclear membrane外层核膜overlapping gene重叠基因oxidative phosphorylation氧化磷酸化pachytene粗线期pairing stage配对期partial monosome部分单体partial trisomy部分三体passive transport被动运输patching成斑现象peptide bond肽键peptidyl site, P site肽基位； P 位perinuclear space核间隙perinucleolar chromatin核仁周围染色质peripheral granule周边颗粒peripheral pr

28、otein外周蛋白permeability通透性peroxisome; microbody过氧化物酶体；微体phagocytosis吞噬作用phagolysosome吞噬性溶酶体phagosome自噬体phase contrast microscope相差显微镜phenylalanine hydroxylase, PAH苯丙氨酸羟化酶phenylketonuria, PKU苯丙酮尿症phosphatidylinositol, PL磷脂酰肌醇phosphodiester bond磷酸二酯键phosphodiesterase, PDE磷酸二酯酶phosphoglyceride磷酸甘油酯phospholipase C,PLC磷脂酶 Cphospholipid磷脂pinocytosis胞饮作用pinocytotic vesicle吞饮泡plasma cell浆细胞plasma fibronectin, pFN血浆纤连蛋白plasmid质粒point mutation点突变polar microtubule极间微管polarizing microscope偏光显微镜polyadenylation多聚腺苷酸反应polyploid多倍体polyribosome多聚核糖体premature condensed chromosome, PCC