中考英语重点单词和短语用法大总结.docx

1、中考英语重点单词和短语用法大总结中考英语重点单词和短语用法大总结(88条)1 。 cost / take / spend / pay 花费花费时间做某事 ： It takes sb some time to do sth 。 = sb spend some time doing sth 。= sb spend some time on sth 。某人花钱买某物 ： sb spend some money on sth 。 = sb pay some money for sth 。 = sth cost sb 。 some money 。 spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物

2、。 spent 还可以指“度过” How did you spend your weekend ？The sweater _ me 90 yuan 。 = I _ 90 yuan for the sweater 。=I _ 90 yuan on the sweater 。He spent lots of money _ the mobile phone 。It _ her 20 minutes to go home every day 。 = He _ 20 minutes _ home every day 。2 。 thanks for为而感谢 _ inviting me to your b

3、irthday party 。thanks to 多亏/于第 1 页 共 1 页_ your help 。I got good grades 。3 。 感叹句 ：多么 what + 名词how + 形容词 / 副词。 _ bad weather ！ 。 _ hard he works ！。 _ fresh vegetables ！ 。 _ cute a monkey it is ！4 。 因为、于 ： because +从句：because of + 名词= thanks to I didnt go to school _ I had a headache 。He was late for c

4、lass _ the bad weather 。He cant xxe _ he is ill 。Many people have a cold _ the cold weather 。because和 so不能同时连用 。5 。 来自 ： be from = xxe from Where are you from ？ = Where _ you _ _ ？ He is from Tibet 。 = He _ _ Tibet 。第 2 页 共 2 页6 。 How often 对频率提问 回答用表示频率的副词或短语How long 对一段时间提问 回答用表示一段时间的状语How soon 对将

5、来时间提问 回答用 in+时间段How far 询问多长距离- _ have you been collecting the kites ？ -For ten years 。- _ do you go shopping ？ -Sometimes。 - _ will your father xxe back ？ - In two years 。- _ do you exercise ？ - Once a week 。- _ is it from your home to school ？ - About ten miles 。- _ are you staying there ？ - Two w

6、eeks 。7 。 乘交通工具 ： take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane He takes a bus to bank 。= He goes to bank by bus 。 = He goes to bank on a bus 。第 3 页 共 3 页 I walk to school 。 = I go to school _ 。 骑自行车、马或驴用ride ： ride ones bike / ride a horse / ride a don

7、key in ones car8 。 对不起 ： Excuse meSorry _ 。Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ？Would you mind cleaning your room ？ - _ 。 Ill do it right away 。- Dont eat in class 。 - _ 。 Ms Clark 。 _ ， is this the way to the station ？9 。 声音 ： soundnoisevoiceLucy has a sweet _ 。 That _ like a good idea 。Dont make _ 。

8、 The baby is sleeping 。10 。 look like第 4 页 共 4 页be like Lily _ _ Lucy 。 Oh ， they are twins 。 Tony _ _ a monkey because he is cute and playful 。11 。 take to 带去bringto 带来fetch 没有方向性 Tony 。 _ the ball here 。Please 。 My father often _ me _ concerts on Sundays 。 _ your homework _ school tomorrow 。12。 一些

9、 ： some 用于肯定句any 用于否定句和疑问句 Id like _ milk 。 Would you like _ yogurt ？_ Thanks 。 I dont want _ 。第 5 页 共 5 页 在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some 。13。 多少 ： How many修饰可数名词复数How much 修饰不可数名词 _ juice do you want ？ _ apples do you want ？- _is the T-shirt ？ Its 30 yuan 。 How much可对价钱提问：How much are the

10、 potatoes ？14。 看 ：see 强调看的结果look 不及物动词，强调看的动作watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志Dont_ in bed 。 We will _ a basketball game this evening 。 Please _ the blackboard 。 Everyone 。 I _ a bird in the tree yesterday 。第 6 页 共 6 页On Saturday night 。 I saw an interesting talk show 。On Saturday evening 。

11、 several kids watched a movie 。 watch a movie =go to a movie15。 stop doing sth 停止做某事 Please stop talking 。stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事 The girl soon stopped _ 。 He was tired and stopped _ a rest 。16。 forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：forget / remember to do sth He forgot to turn off the light 。 Remember to

12、go to the post office after school 。forget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作：forget / remember doing sth He forgot turningoff the light 。 Dont you remember seeing the man before ？17。 到达 reach + 地点get to + 地点 reach = get toarrive + in + 大地点第 7 页 共 7 页arrive + at + 小地点 He reached London yesterday 。 = He _ to

13、London yesterday 。 = He _ in London yesterday 。 She arrived _ the bus station just now 。 You should _ home on time 。 当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。如：get home get there 省略 to18。 擅长，在方面做得好 ： be good at = do well in 。 She is good at chemistry 。 = She _ _ _ chemistry 。 Niuniu is good at _ the viol

14、in 。 = Niuniu _ well in _ the violin 。 Lucy and Lily are twin girls 。Lucy is better _ dancing than Lily 。but Lily _ _ in singing than Lucy 。19。 win 接a game、 war 、a match、 a prizebeat接运动员、球队、对手等。 Which team _ the football match ？ Wang Hao _ Ma Lin and _ the champion of the Mens Singles 。第 8 页 共 8 页20

15、。 借 borrow sth 。 from sb = borrow sb 。 sth 向某人借某物 borrow借入lend sth 。 to sb = lend sb 。 sth把某物借给某人 lend 借出keep延续性动词 ，与一段时间连用。 Can you lend me your bike ？ = Can you _ your bike _ me ？ You can borrow some money _ your brother 。 = You can borrow yourbrother _ _。 - How long can I _ the book ？- You can _

16、it for two weeks 。 类似用法的还有：buy have put on wear bexxe beleave be away from open be open begin be ondie be dead return be back bexxe He has _ a doctor 。He has _ a doctor for 10 years 。 begin The film has _ 。The film has _ for ten minutes 。第 9 页 共 9 页21。 能，会。be able tocan 情态动词后面都接动词原形。 We should _ abl

17、e to finish the work tomorrow 。 I can _ the guitar 。 He _ able to play chess 。22。 too many 太多 修饰可数名词复数 I have too many rules in my house 。too much 太多 修饰不可数名词 Maybe you have too much yin 。much too太 后跟形容词或副词原级 This coat is much too expensive 。 Eating _ _ is bad for your health 。 Its _ _cold today 。 Yo

18、ud better not go out 。There are_ _ students in the hallways 。 Its dangerous 。23。 have / has been to 去过某地 He has been to Beijing 。have / has gone to 去了某地 He has gone to Beijing 。have/hasbeen in / at在某地第 10 页 共 10 页I have ever _ _ America twice 。 He has _ _ Beijing for ten years 。 Where is your brothe

19、r ？- He_ _ to Hainan 。 _ you ever _ _ Disneyland ？24。 used to do sth 。过去常做某事 This river used to be very clean 。beused to doing sth 。习惯于做某事 Im not used to getting up early 。be used to do sth = be used for doing sth 。 被用于做某事 Pens are used for writing 。 XiaoGang _ _ _ afraid of the dark 。 Thebroom is _

20、 _ clean the room 。 = The broom is _ _ cleaning the room 。 He _ _ _ living countryside 。There is fresh air and sweet well 。 Wood _ _ _ making paper 。25。 belong to + 名词 / 人称代词宾格be + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词第 11 页 共 11 页It must _ Nings 。= It must _ Ning 。 The pencil must be _ 。 = The pencil must belong to _ 。

21、This ball _ to me 。= This ball is _ 。26。 cant 不可能 0表示推测、判断 could/might 也许、可能 50 80must 肯定、一定 100 The CD _ belong to Tony 。 because he likes listening to music 。 The notebook _ be mine 。It has my name on it 。 The toy _ be my grandpa 。 After all 。He is an old man 。27。 be made from 看不出原材料be made of 看得出

22、原材料 The table _ _ _ wood 。 Paper _ _ _ wood 。28。 prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事第 12 页 共 12 页prefer sth 。 to sth 。 喜欢而不喜欢prefer doing sth 。 to doing sth 。 喜欢做而不喜欢做 I prefer _ to _ balls 。 He _ fish to beef 。 I prefer to _ to work 。29。 一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词 ： ed 修饰人ing 修饰物 I want to go somewhere _ 。 She is _ in thi

23、s _ history story 。 interesting interested tiring tiredboring boredexciting excitedsurprising surprisedrelaxing relaxedembarrassing embarrassed30。 the number of + 名词复数作主语， 谓语用单数。第 13 页 共 13 页a number of + 名词复数 = many The number of students in our class_ 80 。 _ number of students are in Helin Middle

24、School 。31。 for + 一段时间since + 时间点/过去时的句子 We have been studying English _ three years 。 He has been staying here _ he was five years old 。 。 We havent seen each other _ ten years ago 。 for和 since 可以相互转换。如：Jenny has been collecting coins for several years 。= Jenny has been collecting coins since sever

25、al years _ 。32。 除之外 except Everyone could answer this question except Jim 。besides There are three girls besides me 。 We all passed the exam _ Li Yang 。 Many other students like basketball _ Guo Xiaojun 。33。 already 用于肯定句中第 14 页 共 14 页yet 用于疑问句末用于否定句末 Have you seen the film _ ？ I havent locked the d

26、oor _ 。 Mom has _ watered the flowers 。34。 否定祈使句 Dont + v。No + / n。 Dont smoke here 。 = _ _ here 。 Dont take photos。 = _ _ 。35。 也 too 放肯定句末和疑问句末Do you play soccer every day ， too ？either 放否定句末also 放肯定句中 also放在实意动词前，be之后。 She is a girl 。 I am a girl 。_ 。 He _ likes collecting things 。 Lily doesnt like junk food 。 Her good friend doesnt like it 。 _ 。 - I like soap operas 。 I do ， _ 。第 15 页 共 15 页 - I cant watch TV on school nights 。 I cant ， _ 。36。 be strict with sb。 对某人要求严格be strict in sth 。 对某事要求严格Miss Zhang _ _ _ her work and she _