单片机外文翻译基于MSP430F149单片机实现的步进电机通用控制器.docx

1、单片机外文翻译基于MSP430F149单片机实现的步进电机通用控制器Step of electric machine universal controller realizes which based on the MSP430F149 Single Chip Microcomputer.Abstract：With the infiltration in the social field of the computer in recent years, the application of the one-chip computer is moving towards deepening co

2、nstantly, drive tradition is it measure crescent benefit to upgrade day to control at the same time. In measuring in real time and automatically controlled one-chip computer application system, the one-chip computer often uses as a key part, only one-chip computer respect knowledge is not enough, sh

3、ould also follow the structure of the concrete hardware , and direct against and use the software of targets characteristic to combine concretely, in order to do perfectly. This article mainly introduced realizes a step of machine universal controller based on the MSP430F149 monolithic integrated ci

4、rcuit. This controller may simultaneously control the multi-tablecloths machine according to the curve way movement, including adds and subtracts fast, the localization and the commutation function and so on. In the article discussed with emphasis step machine has risen to low the speed and the curv

5、e design proposal and its the realization method.1. a preface：based on the step of machine control system, except step machine generally also needs the special actuation power source, actuates the power source merely to complete the power actuation part, the user certainly cannot cause the entire co

6、ntrol system according to prearrange, the expectation active status movement, must control to its actuation power source, the user needs to develop once more.In view of this, has designed a step of machine universal controller which realizes based on the MSP430F149 monolithic integrated circuit, may

7、 satisfy the majority controllingfield originally request. The controller main function is:(1) May control the multi- wraps step of machine actuation system; At present may simultaneously control 3 sets of systems.(2) work way is flexible, may according to the hypothesis curve movement, the curve mo

8、st reach 8 sections; May according to the control signal movement which exterior examines; May according to the simulation adjustment test function movement;2. Systems designs2.1 systems structure This controller has mainly realized thematic- tablecloths machine in the multistage curve operating con

9、trol.2.2 microprocessors choice This design has selected MSP which Incorporation produces series monolithic integrated circuit MSP430F149.The goal is applies its rich connection resources and the formidable timer function, the MSP430F149 performance characteristic as follows:(1) 6 eight bit parallel

10、 connections; Definitely may realize this system all signals input, the output, does not need the hardware to expand, P1, the P2 eight bit parallel ports each mouth line all has the severance function, softly causes the keyboard, the hardware design to change is extremely simple.(2) 12 A/D switch AD

11、C; Completes the simulation hypothesis function.(3) Formidable timer function; TIMER-A3, TIMER-B7 respectively be have3 and 7 captures/compares the register 16 timers, may satisfy the system speed the hypothesis and the curve fixed time request. (4)Liquid crystal actuation module; (5) In sets at 2KB

12、 RAM, 60KB FLASH;MSP430F149 provides the rich resources, the periphery hardware expands only must do the very few work, not only designs changes extremely imply, and moreover this controller volume small, the reliability is high.2.3 steps of machine starting and add/decelerate the control plan The s

13、tep of motive highest starting frequency (step frequency) generally is 0.1KHz arrives 3-4KHz, but the highest movement frequency may achieve N*102 KHz. Surpasses the highest starting frequency the frequency direct-on starting, will appear Falls out of step Phenomenon, even is unable to start.The mor

14、e ideal starting curve should be according to the index rule starting. But the practical application to starts the section processing to be possible to use according to the fitting a straightLine method, namely Steps and ladders law ”. May according to two kind of situations processing, (1) known fr

15、equency press the frequency partition to start, the partition counts n=f/f q.(2) Unknown frequency, then to assigns according to the section. Uses Steps and ladders law Continuously raises the speed the speed which needs, then locking, according to pre-placed curve movement. Fitting the starting fre

16、quency, after each section of frequencies hand over the increase (to call steps and ladders frequency) f=f/8, namely uses 8 sections of fitting. In the operating control process, (frequency) divides into the outset speed n minute achievement steps and ladders frequency, When 2.4 steps of machine com

17、mutation questions step of machine commutation, certainly must stop in the electrical machinery or fall commutates again to the frequency range in, in order to avoid has a bigger impact to damage the electrical machinery. The commutation signal certainly must last the CP pulse finish after the prece

18、ding direction as well as in front of the next direction first CP pulse sends out.2.4 steps of machine commutation questionsStep of machine commutation, certainly must stop in the electrical machinery or fall commutates again to the frequency range in, in order to avoid has a bigger impact to damage

19、 the electrical machinery. The commutation signal certainly must last the CP pulse finish after the preceding direction as well as in front of the next direction first CP pulse sent out in some high speed under, the reverse cut essence has contained - the commutation - three processes2.5 speeds and

20、the timer starting value transformationThis system speed control is the dependence fixed time produces; the hypothesis speed which the CP pulse completes with has the CP pulse timer starting value to have the certain relations. The MSP430F149 timer work way has many kinds of, this design timer work

21、under continual way. In the continual pattern, the timer starts from its current value to count, after counts to 0FFFFH from 0 Starts redo count. Under this way, compares the timer current value and comparison register CCRX, if equal has the severance, and May the time which has the next event add t

22、o in this interrupt service is on comparison register CCRX.Fixed time the starting value = must fixed time the value/count the cycle; Often assigns regarding the step of machine its speed value by the frequency form, such as movement under 20KHZ, therefore the previous type may transform is: Fixed t

23、ime the starting value = counts the frequency/speed value. (Counts frequency for system clock frequency)3. Concluding Remark this controller may realize step machine under the multistage hypothesis curve operating control, has the hardware simply, the reliable high characteristic, has used in on the

24、 electric wire production line platoon line control section it, has obtained the satisfying effect. This topic funds the project for the north industry big school scientific research foundation.译文基于MSP430F149单片机实现的步进电机通用控制器。摘要：近年来随着计算机在社会领域的渗透, 单片机的应用正在不断地走向深入，同时带动传统控制检测日新月益更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中，单片

25、机往往是作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构，以及针对具体应用对象特点的软件结合，以作完善。本文主要介绍了基于MSP430F149单片机实现的步进电机通用控制器。该控制器可同时控制多台步进电机按曲线方式运行，包括加减速、定位及换向功能等。文中重点探讨了步进电机升降速曲线的设计方案及其实现方法。关键词：MSP430F149，单片机，步进电机，通用控制器1.前言 基于步进电机的控制系统，除了步进电机一般还需要专门的驱动电源，驱动源仅仅完成功率驱动部分，用户并不能使整个控制系统按预定的、期望的工作状态运行，必须对它的驱动电源予以控制，用户需要再次开发。鉴于此，设计了

26、基于MSP430F149单片机实现的步进电机通用控制器，可以满足大多数控制场合下的要求。控制器的主要功能为： 可控制多套步进电机驱动系统；目前可同时控制3套系统。 工作方式灵活，可按设定的曲线运行，曲线最多达8段；可按外部检测到的控制信号运行；可按模拟调节测试功能运行；2系统的设计2.1系统的结构2.2微处理器的选择本设计选用了TI公司所生产的MSP系列单片机MSP430F149。目的是应用其丰富的接口资源和强大的定时器功能，MSP430F149的性能特点如下：（1）6个八位并行接口；完全可以实现该系统所有信号的输入、输出，无须硬件扩展，其中P1、P2八位并行端口的每根口线都具有中断功能，使键

27、盘的软、硬件设计变的非常简单。（2）12位A/D转换器ADC；完成模拟设定功能。（3）强大的定时器功能；TIMER-A3、TIMER-B7分别为带有3个和7个捕捉/比较寄存器的16位定时器，可以满足系统速度的设定及曲线定时的要求。（4）液晶驱动模块；（5）内置2KB RAM、60KB的FLASH；MSP430F149所提供的丰富资源，外围硬件扩展只需做很少的工作，不仅设计变得非常简单，而且该控制器体积小、可靠性高。2.3步进电机起动及加/减速控制方案步进电动机的最高起动频率（突跳频率）一般为0.1KHz到3-4KHz，而最高运行频率则可以达到N*102 KHz。以超过最高起动频率的频率直接起动

28、，将出现失步现象，甚至无法起动。较为理想的起动曲线，应是按指数规律起动。但实际应用对起动段的处理可采用按直线拟合的方法，即阶梯升速法。可按两种情况处理，已知突跳频率则按突跳频率分段起动，分段数n=f/fq。未知突跳频率，则按段拟合至给定的起动频率，每段频率的递增量（后称阶梯频率）f=f/8,即采用8段拟合。在运行控制过程中，将起始的速度（频率）分为n分作为阶梯频率，采用阶梯升速法将速度连续升到所需要的速度，然后锁定，按预置的曲线运行。2.4步进电机的换向问题步进电机换向时，一定要在电机降速停止或降到突跳频率范围之内再换向，以免产生较大的冲击而损坏电机。换向信号一定要在前一个方向的最后一个CP脉

29、冲结束后以及下一个方向的第一个CP脉冲前发出在某一高速下的正、反向切换实质包含了降速换向升速三个过程。 2.5速度与定时器初值的转换本系统的速度控制是依靠定时产生CP脉冲来完成的，设定的速度与产生CP脉冲的定时器初值间存在一定关系。MSP430F149定时器的工作方式有多种，本设计定时器工作在连续方式下。在连续模式，定时器从它的当前值开始计数，当计到0FFFFH后又从0开始重新计数。在该方式下，将定时器的当前值和比较寄存器CCRX相比较，如相等则产生中断，并在该中断服务程序中可以将下一个事件发生的时间加到比较寄存器CCRX上。定时初值=所需定时值/计数周期；对于步进电机其速度值常以频率形式给定

30、，诸如运行在20KHZ下，因此上式可转换为：定时初值=计数频率/速度值。（其中计数频率为系统时钟频率）3结束语该控制器可以实现步进电机在多段设定曲线下的运行控制，具有硬件简单、体积小、可靠性高的特点，已将其用于电线生产线上的排线控制部分,取得了令人满意的效果。该课题为北方工业大学校科研基金资助项目。 目 录第一章 总 论 1第一节 项目概述 1第二节 可行性研究的依据 3第三节 可行性研究的范围和内容 3第五节 技术经济指标 4第二章 项目背景和建设的必要性 5第一节 项目提出的背景 5第二节 项目建设的必要性 7第三章 需求分析及服务规模与标准 9第一节 需求分析 9第二节 服务规模与标准

31、10第四章 项目选址及建设条件 13第一节 项目选址 13第二节 项目区自然条件 13第三节 项目区社会经济条件 18第四节 项目区基础设施状况 20第五章 规划设计和建设方案 23第一节 设计依据和目标 23第二节 规划方案分析 25第三节 建设方案 31第六章 消 防 46第七章 环保和劳动安全卫生 47第一节 环境保护 47第二节 劳动安全卫生 48第三节 建议 50第八章 节能分析 52第一节 概 述 52第二节 节能设计依据 52第三节 能耗分析 53第四节 节能措施 54第九章 项目组织管理和实施进度 58第一节 项目组织管理 58第二节进度计划安排 60第十章 招投标方案 62第一节招标管理 62第二节项目招标基本情况 65第十一章 投资估算与资金筹措 66第一节 投资估算 66第二节 资金筹措 70第十二章 效益分析 71第一节 经济效益 71第二节 社会效益 73第十三章 结 论 75