OHSA 1910146 Permitrequired Confined Space 双语版.docx

1、OHSA 1910146 Permitrequired Confined Space 双语版1Scope1 范围This work instruction is valid for SEH, and the Contractors working by order of SEH.本指导书适用于本公司，和与本公司签订合同的分承包商。2Purpose2 目的This section contains requirements for practices and procedures to protect employees in general industry from the hazards

2、of entry into permit-required confined spaces. This section does not apply to construction on site.本节包含了保护雇员免受进入受限空间作业的一般工业危险的实践和程序要求。本节不适用于现场施工。3Definitions3 定义Acceptable entry conditions means the conditions that must exist in a permit space to allow entry and to ensure that employees involved wit

3、h a permit- required confined space entry can safely enter into and work within the space.可接受进入条件工人携带密闭空间作业许可证能安全进入密闭空间和工作的条件。Attendant means an individual stationed outside one or more permit spaces who monitors the authorized entrants and who performs all attendants duties assigned in the employer

4、s permit space program.监护者停留在密闭空间外特别的地方，对授权进入密闭空间的人进行监看，执行雇主在密闭空间许可计划中所规定的职责。Authorized entrant means an employee who is authorized by the employer to enter a permit space.授权进入者被雇主授权进行密闭空间的人。Blanking or blinding means the absolute closure of a pipe, line, or duct by the fastening of a solid plate (s

5、uch as a spectacle blind or a skillet blind) that completely covers the bore and that is capable of withstanding the maximum pressure of the pipe, line, or duct with no leakage beyond the plate.上锁或遮盖将管道的孔洞等用实心的平板（如长柄平板等）遮盖，并确保管道在最大压力的情况下不会通过这些平板而出现泄漏。Confined space means a space that:密闭空间定义包括：(1) Is

6、 large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work; and1. 空间足够大，可以容纳劳动者进行指定的工作；(2) Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that may have limited means of entry.)

7、; and2. 有限制出入的地方（例如：罐体、船舱、仓库、储物箱、料斗等）；(3) Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy.3. 结构设计不适合长期在内工作。Double block and bleed means the closure of a line, duct, or pipe by closing and locking or tagging two in-line valves and by opening and locking or tagging a drain or vent valve in the line

8、between the two closed valves.双重阻塞或排放在一个完整的封闭的管道上通过关闭和上锁，标记双向阀门的开放方向和上锁，标记2个关闭的单向阀之间存在的泄放部位或泄放阀门。Emergency means any occurrence (including any failure of hazard control or monitoring equipment) or event internal or external to the permit space that could endanger entrants.紧急情况是指任何事件（包括任何失败的风险控制和监测设备

9、）或会危及密闭空间内部或外部人员的事件。Engulfment means the surrounding and effective capture of a person by a liquid or finely divided (flowable) solid substance that can be aspirated to cause death by filling or plugging the respiratory system or that can exert enough force on the body to cause death by strangulatio

10、n, constriction, or crushing.吞没是指周围环境的液体或微小的粉末足够可以将一个人容纳，并能导致呼吸道堵塞而死亡，或者足够大的力量而对人体产生扼杀，收缩，或压碎，并导致人死亡。Entry means the action by which a person passes through an opening into a permit-required confined space. Entry includes ensuing work activities in that space and is considered to have occurred as so

11、on as any part of the entrants body breaks the plane of an opening into the space.进入是指劳动者获得了进入许可证后进行密闭空间的行为，包括在密闭空间内的工作，或者身体有部分进入这个密闭空间内的工作。Entry permit (permit) means the written or printed document that is provided by the employer to allow and control entry into a permit space and that contains th

12、e information specified in paragraph (f) of this section.进入许可证（许可证）由雇主提供的书写或印刷的文件，包括允许和控制进入密闭证空间以及进入密闭空间这一部分的具体资料。Entry supervisor means the person (such as the employer, foreman, or crew chief) responsible for determining if acceptable entry conditions are present at a permit space where entry is p

13、lanned, for authorizing entry and overseeing entry operations, and for terminating entry as required by this section.进入管理者负责决定是否接受可进入条件，从什么地方进入，授权和监督进入行为，及时终止进入行为，例如雇主、消防员、首席船员等。NOTE: An entry supervisor also may serve as an attendant or as an authorized entrant, as long as that person is trained an

14、d equipped as required by this section for each role he or she fills. Also, the duties of entry supervisor may be passed from one individual to another during the course of an entry operation.注意：进入管理者也可能承担授权进入者或监护者的职责，只要他经历过符合本标准的训练，穿戴有符合本标准的防护用品。此外在整个进入操作过程中，进入管理者的角色可能会由某一个角色变化为另一个角色进行工作。Hazardous

15、atmosphere means an atmosphere that may expose employees to the risk of death, incapacitation, impairment of ability to self-rescue (that is, escape unaided from a permit space), injury, or acute illness from one or more of the following causes:危险大气环境任何可能导致劳动者出现死亡、失常、丧失逃生能力、损伤或急性中毒的大气环境，包括以下几种：(1) F

16、lammable gas, vapor, or mist in excess of 10 percent of its lower flammable limit (LFL);1. 可燃气体、蒸汽、雾超过10%的可燃下限（LFL）；(2) Airborne combustible dust at a concentration that meets or exceeds its LFL;2. 空气中可燃粉尘浓度达到或超过可燃下限（LFL）；NOTE: This concentration may be approximated as a condition in which the dust

17、obscures vision at a distance of 5 feet (1.52 m) or less.注意：在浓度接近可燃下限时，粉尘的往往能导致最远视线少于5英寸或1.52米(3) Atmospheric oxygen concentration below 19.5 percent or above 23.5 percent;3. 大气中的O2浓度小于19.5%或大于23.5%；(4) Atmospheric concentration of any substance for which a dose or a permissible exposure limit is pu

18、blished in Subpart G, Occupational Health and Environmental Control, or in Subpart Z, Toxic and Hazardous Substances, of this Part and which could result in employee exposure in excess of its dose or permissible exposure limit;4. 在本部中G子类和Z子类制订了制定了接触限值的物质，劳动者接触这些物质的暴露浓度达到或超过接触限值的；NOTE: An atmospheric

19、 concentration of any substance that is not capable of causing death, incapacitation, impairment of ability to self-rescue, injury, or acute illness due to its health effects is not covered by this provision.注意：这些物质是不一定都会导致劳动者出现死亡、失常、丧失逃生能力、损伤或急性中毒，但是对人体健康有影响。(5) Any other atmospheric condition that

20、 is immediately dangerous to life or health.5. 任何大气环境会出现立即危及生命与健康；NOTE: For air contaminants for which OSHA has not determined a dose or permissible exposure limit, other sources of information, such as Material Safety Data Sheets that comply with the Hazard Communication Standard, section 1910.1200

21、 of this Part, published information, and internal documents can provide guidance in establishing acceptable atmospheric conditions.注意：如果本部未制订接触限值的化学物质，其他信息资源能指导如何建立可接受化学物质浓度，包括：化学物质材料安全清单、符合标准的危险物质通报、29 CFR1910.1200部分、公开出版物、内部文献等。Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) means any condition th

22、at poses an immediate or delayed threat to life or that would cause irreversible adverse health effects or that would interfere with an individuals ability to escape unaided from a permit space.立即危及生命与健康是指任何能构成直接或延迟危及生命、造成不可逆转的不利健康影响、导致人丧失从密闭空间逃生的能力的情况。NOTE: Some materials - hydrogen fluoride gas an

23、d cadmium vapor, for example - may produce immediate transient effects that, even if severe, may pass without medical attention, but are followed by sudden, possibly fatal collapse 12-72 hours after exposure. The victim feels normal from recovery from transient effects until collapse. Such materials

24、 in hazardous quantities are considered to be immediately dangerous to life or health.注意：有些物质如氟化氢气体或镉蒸汽，能产生暂时性影响，即使是严重的，也可能错过了医学治疗，但是在暴露后12-72小时内出现爆发性的伤害。患者从感觉正常到出现健康影响，直到爆发性崩溃，这些材料在危险的数量上被直接认为是IDLH。Inerting means the displacement of the atmosphere in a permit space by a noncombustible gas (such as

25、nitrogen) to such an extent that the resulting atmosphere is noncombustible.惰性化惰性气体充满了密闭空间并且无法出现燃烧的现象，称为惰性化。NOTE: This procedure produces an IDLH oxygen-deficient atmosphere.惰性化惰性气体充满了密闭空间并且无法出现燃烧的现象，称为惰性化。Isolation means the process by which a permit space is removed from service and completely pro

26、tected against the release of energy and material into the space by such means as: blanking or blinding; misaligning or removing sections of lines, pipes, or ducts; a double block and bleed system; lockout or tagout of all sources of energy; or blocking or disconnecting all mechanical linkages.隔离通过对

27、密闭空间采用各种手段达到消除密闭空间存在的化学物质和能量，以满足进入条件。这些手段包括：上锁或遮盖、双重阻塞或排放、移除管道、闭锁或标记全部的所有的能源产生、阻断或关闭所有的机械联系。Line breaking means the intentional opening of a pipe, line, or duct that is or has been carrying flammable, corrosive, or toxic material, an inert gas, or any fluid at a volume, pressure, or temperature capa

28、ble of causing injury.开管有意的打开贮存有易燃、有毒或惰性气体或者任何能在某些温度、体积、压力下造成伤害的流体的管道。Non-permit confined space means a confined space that does not contain or, with respect to atmospheric hazards, have the potential to contain any hazard capable of causing death or serious physical harm.非许可制度的密闭空间不存在造成死亡或严重身体伤害的危害

29、、危险的大气环境的密闭空间。Oxygen deficient atmosphere means an atmosphere containing less than 19.5 percent oxygen by volume.缺氧大气中的O2体积浓度小于19.5%。Oxygen enriched atmosphere means an atmosphere containing more than 23.5 percent oxygen by volume.富氧大气中的O2体积浓度大于23.5%Permit-required confined space (permit space) mean

30、s a confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics:需要许可制度的密闭空间需要许可制度的密闭空间有以下一个或多个特点：(1) Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere;1. 内部大气有危害物质；(2) Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant;2. 载有的材料可以吞没人体；(3) Has an internal configur

31、ation such that an entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section; or3. 内部有存在狭小的部位，可以对人体造成嵌顿；(4) Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard.4. 其他任何公认的严重安全和健康危害。Permit-required confined

32、space program (permit space program) means the employers overall program for controlling, and, where appropriate, for protecting employees from, permit space hazards and for regulating employee entry into permit spaces.需要许可制度的密闭空间计划雇主为了保护劳动者进入密闭空间及管理密闭空间进进入的整体规划和控制。Permit system means the employers written procedure for preparing and issuing permits for entry and for returning the permit space to service foll