北京大学博士英语专业考试试题及其解析.docx

1、北京大学博士英语专业考试试题及其解析Part Two：Structure and Written Expression（20%）Directions：For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet. 11 Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good th

2、ing” for human being is a question that a wide solution. Aadmits of B. requires of C. needs of D. seeks for12In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message. Aaccustomed to split and dividedBaccustomed to s

3、plitting and dividingCaccustomed to split and dividingDaccustomed to splitting and divided13Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value. A. at itself B. as itself C. on itself D. in itself14 us earlier, your request to the full. A. You have contacted we coul

4、d comply withB. Had you contacted we could have complied withC. You had contacted could we have complied withD. Have you contacted we could comply with15The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy. A. discard B. discreet C. discord D. disgorge16.

5、 Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology. No one can shield himself such an influence. A. onbyat B. by forinC. from inon D. throughwithfrom17. The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety. Now it appears to create . A. bore B.

6、bored C. boredom D. bordom18. Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz. A. lacked B. lacking C. for lack of D. lack of19. There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine. A. that have to B. have to

7、C. having to D. has to20. The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it. A. none the worse B. none the betterC. never worse D. never better21. As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color. A. cried out forcried out for B. cry out forcry out forC. had cried out f

8、orcried out for D. had cried out forcry out for22. While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very .A. trigger B. meager C. vigor D. linger23. Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology. A. as much the Africans are detribalized B. the

9、Africans are much being detribalizedC. as much as the Africans are being detribalizedD. as much as the Africans are detribalized24. We admire his courage and self-confidence. A. can but B. cannot only C. cannot but D. can only but25. In the 1930s, when millions of comic books were the young with fig

10、hting and killing, nobody seemed to notice that the violence of cars in the streets was more hysterical. A. inundating B. imitating C. immolating D. insulating26. you promise you will work hard, support you to college. A. If onlywill I B. OnlyI willC. Only ifwill I D. Only ifI will27. It is one of t

11、he ironies of Western man that he has never felt invention as a threat to his way of life. A. any concern with B. any concern aboutC. any concern in D. any concern at28. One room schools, with all subjects being taught to all grades at the same time, simply when better transportation permits special

12、ized spaces and specialized teaching.A. resolved B. absolved C. dissolved D. solved29. People are living longer and not saving enough, which means they will either have to work longer, live less in retirement or bailed by the government. A. inforup B. foronoutC. byinon D. onforout30. The country s d

13、eficit that year to a record 169 8 billion dollars A. soared B. soured C. sored D. sourcedPart Three: Close Test (10%) Directions: Read the following passage carefully and choose ONE best word for each numbered blank. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.2009 was the worst year for the record label

14、s in a decade 31 was 2008, and before that 2007 and 2006. In fact, industry revenues have been 32 for the past 10 years. Digital sales are growing, but not as fast as traditional sales are falling. Maybe thats because illegal downloads are so easy. People have been 33 intellectual property for centu

15、ries, but it used to be a time-consuming way to generate markedly 34 copies. These days, high-quality copies are 35 . According to the Pew Internet project, people use file-sharing software more often than they do iTunes and other legal shops. Id like to believe, as many of my friends seem to, that

16、this practice wont do much harm. But even as Ive heard over the past decade that things werent 36 bad, that the music industry was moving to a new, better business model, each years numbers have been worse. Maybe its time to admit that we may never find a way to 37 consumers who want free entertainm

17、ent with creators who want to get paid. 38 on this problem, the computational neuroscientist Anders Sandberg recently noted that although we have strong instinctive feelings about ownership, intellectual property doesnt always 39 that framework. The harm done by individual acts of piracy is too smal

18、l and too abstract. “The nature of intellectual property,” he wrote, “makes it hard to maintain the social and empathic 40 that keep(s) us from taking each others things.”31. A. As B. Same C. Thus D. So32. A. stagnating B. declining C. increasing D. stultifying33. A. taking B. robbing C. stealing D.

19、 pirating34. A. upgraded B. inferior C. ineffective D. preferable35. A. numerous B. ubiquitous C. accessible D. effortless36. A. so B. this C. that D. much37. A. satisfy B. help C. reconcile D. equate38. A. Based B. Capitalizing C. Reflecting D. Drawing39. A. match up with B. fill in C. fit into D.

20、set up40. A. constraints B. consciousness C. norm D. etiquettePart IV: Reading Comprehension(20%) Directions: Each of the following four passages is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each question or unfinished statement, four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and

21、 choose the best answer to each question. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneCancer has always been with us, but not always in the same way. Its care and management have differed over time, of course, but so, too, have its identity, visibility, and meanings. Pick up the thread of histo

22、ry at its most distant end and you have cancer the crabso named either because of the ramifying venous processes spreading out from a tumor or because its pain is like the pinch of a crabs claw. Premodern cancer is a lump, a swelling that sometimes breaks through the skin in ulcerations producing fo

23、ul-smelling discharges. The ancient Egyptians knew about many tumors that had a bad outcome, and the Greeks made a distinction between benign tumors (oncos) and malignant ones (carcinos). In the second century AD, Galen reckoned that the cause was systemic, an excess of melancholy or black bile, one

24、 of the bodys four “humors,” brought on by bad diet and environmental circumstances. Ancient medical practitioners sometimes cut tumors out, but the prognosis was known to be grim. Describing tumors of the breast, an Egyptian papyrus from about 1600 BCconcluded: “There is no treatment.”The experienc

25、e of cancer has always been terrible, but, until modern times, its mark on the culture has been light. In the past, fear coagulated around other ways of dying: infectious and epidemic diseases (plague, smallpox, cholera, typhus, typhoid fever); “apoplexies” (what we now call strokes and heart attack

26、s); and, most notably in the nineteenth century, “consumption” (tuberculosis). The agonizing manner of cancer death was dreaded, but that fear was not centrally situated in the public mindas it now is. This is one reason that the medical historian Roy Porter wrote that cancer is “the modern disease

27、par excellence,” and that Mukherjee calls it “the quintessential product of modernity.”At one time, it was thought that cancer was a “disease of civilization,” belonging to much the same causal domain as “neurasthenia” and diabetes, the former a nervous weakness believed to be brought about by the s

28、tress of modern life and the latter a condition produced by bad diet and indolence. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, some physicians attributed cancernotably of the breast and the ovariesto psychological and behavioral causes. William Buchans wildly popular eighteenth-century text “Domest

29、ic Medicine” judged that cancers might be caused by “excessive fear, grief, religious melancholy.” In the nineteenth century, reference was repeatedly made to a “cancer personality,” and, in some versions, specifically to sexual repression. As Susan Sontag observed, cancer was considered shameful, n

30、ot to be mentioned, even obscene. Among the Romantics and the Victorians, suffering and dying from tuberculosis might be considered a badge of refinement; cancer death was nothing of the sort. “It seems unimaginable,” Sontag wrote, “to aestheticize” cancer. 41. According to the passage, the ancient

31、Egyptians . A. called cancer the crabB. were able to distinguish benign tumors and malignant onesC. found out the cause of cancerD. knew about a lot of malignant tumors42. Which of the following statements about the cancers of the past is best supported by the passage?A. Ancient people did not live

32、long enough to become prone to cancer B. In the past, people did not fear cancer C. Cancer death might be considered a badge of refinement D. Some physicians believed that one s own behavioral mode could lead to cancer 43. Which of the following is the reason for cancer to be called “the modern disease”?A. Modern