高中英语 独立主格结构练习与讲解 新人教版选修7.docx

1、高中英语 独立主格结构练习与讲解 新人教版选修72019-2020年高中英语 独立主格结构练习与讲解 新人教版选修71. _ no bus, we had to walk home.A. There was B. There being C. Because there being D.There were2. _, Ill go there with you tomorrow afternoon.A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Times permitting3._, we all went home h

2、appily.A. Goodbye was said B. Goodbye had been said C. Goodbye said D. When goodbye said4. _, we all went swimming in high spirits.A. It being fine weather B. It fine weather C. It was fine weather D. It being a fine weather5. _, the bus started at once.A. The signal was given B. The signal giving C

3、. The signal given D. When the signal given6. She stood there, _ from her cheeks.A. tears rolling down B. tears rolled down C. with tears rolled down D. tears rolling down 7. _, the leaves are turning green.A. When spring ing on B. Spring ing onC. Spring came on D. Spring being e on 8. _, I had to b

4、uy a new one.A. My dictionary losing B. My dictionary having been lost C. My dictionary had been lost D. Because my dictionary lost 9. I used to sleep with the window _.A. opened B. open C. opening D to open 10. _, the hunter went into the forest.A. A gun on shoulder B. A gun was on his shoulderC. G

5、un on shoulder D. A gun being on shoulder 11. _ production up by 60%, the pany has had another excellent year.A. As B. For C. With D. Through 12. With a lot of work _, I have to sit up tonight.A. do B. doing C. done D. to do13. He stood there silently, his lips_.A. trembling B. trembled C. were trem

6、bling D. were trembling14. _, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.A. All things considering B. All things considered C. All things were considered D. With all things were considered 15. _, we will surely succeed.A. The teacher helping us B. The teacher to help us C. The teacher will help u

7、s D. With the teacher helping 独立主格结构练习二1.The thief stood before the policeman,_ admitting what he had done. A.with his drooping head B.drooping his head C.raising his head D.with his head down 2._ ,he cant go out for a walk as usual. A.With so much work to do B.With so much work doing C.With so much

8、 work done D.Without so much work to do 3.Its quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth _ and his eyes _ . A.closed;open B.closed;opened C.closing;open D.closing;opening 4.All things _ ,the plan trip will have to be called off. A.be considered B.considered C.considering D.having considering 5

9、._ ,we have to get down to business right away. A.As there was no time left B.There is no time left C.There being no time left D.There to be no time left 6._ yesterday,we went out for a walk. A.As a fine day B.It was a fine day C.It being a fine day D.For it was a fine day 7.The old man stood there,

10、_ . A.with back against the wall B.with his back against the wall C.with back against wall D.his back against wall 独立主格结构练习三1. _ no bus, we had to walk home. A. There was B. There being C. Because there being2. _, Ill go there with you tomorrow afternoon. A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Tim

11、e permitting D. Times permitting3. _, we all went home happily. A. Goodbye was said B. Goodbye had been said C. Goodbye said D. When goodbye said 4. _, we all went swimming in high spirits. A. It being fine weather B. It fine weather C. It was fine weather D. It being a fine weather 5. _, the bus st

12、arted at once. A. The signal was given B. The signal giving C. The signal given D. When the signal given 6. She stood there, _ from her cheeks. A. tears rolling down B. tears rolled down C. with tears rolled down D. tears rolling down7. _, the leaves are turning green. A. When spring ing on B. Sprin

13、g ing on C. Spring came on D. Spring being e on8. _, I had to buy a new one. A. My dictionary losing B. My dictionary having been lostC. My dictionary had been lost D. Because my dictionary lost9. I used to sleep with the window _. A. opened B. open C. opening D to open10. _, the hunter went into th

14、e forest. A. A gun on shoulder B. A gun was on his shoulder C. Gun on shoulder D. A gun being on shoulder11. _ production up by 60%, the pany has had another excellent year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through12. With a lot of work _, I have to sit up tonight. A. do B. doing C. done D. to do 13. He stoo

15、d there silently, his lips_. A. trembling B. trembled C. were trembling D. were trembling 14. _, her suggestion is of greater value than yours. A. All things considering B. All things consideredC. All things were considered D. With all things were considered15. _, we will surely succeed. A. The teac

16、her helping us B. The teacher to help us C. The teacher will help us D. With the teacher helping独立主格结构非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语，从而在结构上与主语不发生关系，我们称之为独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）。其实，所谓“独立主格结构”也并非真正独立，它还是一种从属的结构。一、 非谓语动词独立主格结构在独立主格结构中，非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。Such an able man to help

17、you，you will surely succeed sooner or later. 有这么能干的人来帮你, 你迟早一定会成功的。（such an able man和 to help you 之间存在着主谓关系）= Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。（seating himself at the

18、 desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he，注意是“主格”）= When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school.由于丢了自行车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。（lost 的逻辑主语是the key，lost 也可以用完成式having been lost）= Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school. A 不定式“独立主

19、格结构”在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构也可用一个从句或并列分句来表达。1动词不定式用主动的形式在独立主格结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。His mother to e tonight，he is busy preparing the dinner.他母亲今晚要来,他正在忙着准备饭菜。（= As his mother is to e tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.） Will you go to the concert tonight 你今晚去听音乐

20、会吗？ sorry, so many exercise-books to check, I really cant afford any time.对不起，有这多的作业要批，我真的抽不出时间。（Because I shall check so many exercise-books tonight, I really cant afford any time.）The four of us agreed on a division of labour, each to translate a quarter of the book.我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。（The four

21、 of us agreed on a division of labour and each is to translate a quarter of the book.）Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.种上许多的树，花和草后，我们新建的学校将看上去更美。(=If many trees, flowers, and grass are planted, our newly-built school will look even mo

22、re beautiful.)B-ing形式“独立主格结构”动词的-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。Being ill, he went home.由于生病,他回家了。（= As he was very ill, he went home.）Seating himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.在课桌旁坐好后，他开始看杂志。（= When he had seated himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.）1 表示时间的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”E

23、veryone being ready, the teacher began his class. 每个人都准备好后，老师开始上课。（相当于一个时间状语从句When everyone wasready)The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated.每个人坐好后，主席开始开会。（相当于一个时间状语从句after everyone was seated）2 表示原因的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. 由

24、那个男孩带路，我们没有困难就找到了那奇怪的洞。（相当于一个原因状语从句Because the boy led the way）Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous. 许多眼睛看着他，他感到有点儿紧张。（相当于一个原因状语从句As many eyes were watching him）必背：含有being的独立主格结构。It being National Day today，the streets are very crowded. 今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤。= As it is National Day today, the street

25、s are very crowded.There being no further business to discuss, we all went home. 没有别的事可讨论，我们都回家了。= As there was no further business to discuss, we all went home.3 表示条件的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week.时间允许的话，我们下星期将进行一次野炊。（相当于一个条件状语从句If timepermits)My health allowing, I

26、 will work far into the night.我的健康许可的话，我愿工作到深夜。（相当于一个条件状语从句If my health allows）4 表示方式的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest.学生们快乐地在学校里走着，每个人胸前都带着一张卡。（相当于一个并列分句and each wears a card in front of his chest）The boy lay on the grass, his

27、eyes looking at the sky.男孩躺在草地上，眼睛看着天空。（相当于一个并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky）C-ed形式“独立主格结构”与逻辑主语+动词的-ing形式一样，如果-ed形式的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致的话，就需要用-ed形式的独立主格结构。The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it.该书是用简单英语写的，英语初学者也能看懂。（= As the book was written in simple English，

28、English beginners were able to read it.）The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。（= As their living conditions were greatly improved, the workers worked still harder.）He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上

29、课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。(= He was listening attentively in class, and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.)The task pleted, he had two months leave.任务完成以后，他休了两个月的假。（=When the task had been pleted, he had two months leave.）比较：动词不定式表示动作没有发生或即将发生，动词-ed形式表示动作已经结束，动词-ing形式往往表示动作正在进行。The manager looks worried，man

30、y things to settle. 经理看上去很着急, 有这么多的事情要处理。（事情还没有处理，而且是由经理本人来处理，用不定式to settle）The manager looks relaxed, many things settled. 许多事情已经处理好了， 经理看上去很轻松。（事情已经处理好了，用动词-ed形式settled表示动作已经结束）The food being cooked, the boy was watching TV. 小孩一边做饭，一边看电视。（两个动作同时进行）The food cooked, the boy went to bed.饭做好了，小孩去睡了。（两个动作有先后，饭已做好，小孩才去睡觉的）二、 无动词独立主格结构“逻辑主语+being+其他”是独立主格结构中的“逻辑主语+动词-ing形式”的一种形式。在这种结构中，being往往可以被省去，这种省去being的结构，称之为无动词“独立主格结构”。A逻辑主语+名词Ten students entered for the petition, the youngest a boy of 12.十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛，年纪