分析经典长难句攻克高考英语阅读.docx

1、分析经典长难句攻克高考英语阅读I.For example, adolesce nt boys are more likely to buy computer games tha n anyother group, so it makes sense to make computer game ads that appeal to this group.【句式翻译】例如，进入青春期的男孩子就可能比任何其他人群更愿意购买电脑游戏， 因此，针对这个目标群体制作有吸引力的电脑游戏广告是有意义【句式分析】本句是一个含有 so引导的结果状语从句的复合句，同时又含有一个 than引导的比较状语从句。【词语点

2、拨】1)likely adj.可能的；常用于句型：sb/sth be likely to do= it is likely that可能做 He s very likely to send me an email tonight.=It s very likely that he ll send me an email tonight.很可能他今晚会给我发电子邮件。The company is likely to set up a branch in our city. =It s likely that thecompa ny will set up a branch in our city

3、.这个公司可能要在我们的城市建立分公司。2)make sense 有意义； 讲得通； make sense of 理解I can t follow these instructions - they don t make sense.我不理解这些指示-根本讲不通嘛。We read the sentence through, but could not make sense of it.我们把句子看了一遍，但不明白它说些什么。3)appeal to 吸弓丨；appeal to sb. for sth/appeal to sb. to do sth 呼吁某人干某事；求助于Blue and red

4、appeal to me, but I don t like gray or yellow.我喜欢蓝色和红色，而不喜欢灰色或黄色。Jack sin cerely appealed to his friends to support him.杰克真切地向朋友请求支持。We can appeal to the website for the in formatio n we n eed.我们可以在网上查找我们需要的信息。【语法点拨】本句中的 than any other ，意为比其他任何一个 ，所谈论的对象在比较的范围之内；若不在范围之内，则不用 other。如：China is larger t

5、ha n any other country in Asia.中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。Chi na is larger tha n any country in Africa.中国比非洲的任何国家都大。2.The more exposed young people are to finan cial issues, and the youn ger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become resp on sible, forward-pla nning adults who man age their fi

6、nances con fide ntly and effectively.【句式翻译】年轻人越接触经济问题，他们就能越早地了解这些问题， 他们就更有可能成为有责任感的、早作打算的成年人，能够有信心地、有效地管理自己的经济问题。【句式分析】本句含有the+比较级，the+比较级”的句式，同时又含有一个 who引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 adults。【词语点拨】1) expose vt. 揭露；使暴露；be exposed to 暴露于；接触We must expose this shameful activity to the n ewspapers.我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。W

7、e should allow childre n to be exposed to new ideas.我们应当让孩子们接触新思想。2)manage v.应付，设法对付；管理；能解决； man age to do设法做成We n eed people who are good at man agi ng.我们需要擅长管理的人。He man aged to send the tourists to the airport in time.他设法把游客及时送到机场。Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not m

8、an aged carefully.如果掌控小帆船不够小心，它们在水中就容易翻。【语法点拨】the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示越 越 ”。如：The more we get together ,the happier we ll be.我们越是多聚会，我们越快乐。The Ion ger she worked at it ,the more en thusiastic she became.她越干越来劲。3.She found that kids praised for “ trying hard ” did better on testes and were more likely to

9、take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “ smart ” .【句式翻译】她发现因为努力被表扬的孩子比因为聪明被表扬的孩子在考试中表现得更 好，更愿意承担困难的任务。【句式分析】本句含有一个 than引导的比较状语从句。【词语点拨】take on承担；呈现He is always ready to take on heavy resp on sibilities.他一向乐于挑重担。The chamele on can take on the colour of its backgro und.变色龙可呈现出与其背景相

10、同的颜色。【语法点拨】当我们要对两个人或物进行比较时，就采用比较级，比较级的构成：形容 词或副词的比较级+than+比较成分，意思是：更 些”或“较 ” 。Deeds are betterthan words whe n people are in n eed of help.当别人需要帮助时，行动胜于语言。In a word, practice is far more important than book knowledge.一句话，实践远比书本知识重要。4.Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time

11、you devote to your studies, the more time you will have to spe nd on your outside in terests.【句式翻译】也许更重要的是， 你越善于管理你的学习时间， 你就会有更多的时间用在你课外的兴趣上。【句式分析】本句含有“ the+比较级，the+比较级”的句式，同时含有两个非限制性定 语从句，分别修饰先行词 the time 和the more time 。【词语点拨】1)devote vt. 献身；专心于；常接 time/mo ney/en ergy/life/o neself 作宾语，构成短语 be dev

12、oted to=devote on eself to 献身于，致力于；to为介词，后面接名词、代词或者动名词。Lang Lang devoted a lot of time to playing the piano even when he was a littlechild. 郎朗小时候就把很多时间都用来弹钢琴。After her marriage, the sin ger could n t devote herself totally to her music.结婚之后这个歌手无法全力倾注于音乐。2) spend some money/ time on sth=spend some mo

13、ney/time (in) doing sth 表示 花费(时间、金钱等)做某事”，其中的介词in可以省略。Every day, most of the students in this school spend three hours on their homework. 这所学校大多数学生每天花三个小时做家庭作业。It is bad for childre n to spe nd a lot of time play ing computer games. 用很多时间玩电脑游戏对孩子是有害的。【语法点拨】“ the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越越”，具体用法第 2句。5.He wor

14、ked there through his school and uni versity years un til 1942, a year after he had gained a Master s degree at university in chemistry.【句式翻译】他读中学和大学的那段时间都在那里工作，一直到 1942年，也就是他在大学里获得化学硕士学位后的那一年。【句式分析】本句含有一个 after引导的时间状语从句，从句中运用了过去完成时态。【词语点拨】gain vt.(经过努力)获得，取得We gain kno wledge by practici ng aga in

15、and aga in.我们从反复训练中获取知识。They realized that pass ing the exam was no Ion ger eno ugh toga ina place at uni versity.他们认识到仅仅通过这个考试，并不能确保在大学获得一席之位。【语法点拨】过去完成时的构成： had done,表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用 by,before, after 等构成的短语，也可用 whe n, before 等引导的从句或通过上下文表示。如：His eyes shone bri

16、ghtly whe n he fin ally received the gift hehad long expected.当她终于收到她盼望已久的礼物时，她兴奋得两眼闪光。By the time he was twelve, Edis on had begu n to make a living by himself.12岁时，爱迪生就开始自己谋生。6.By the end of the century, we will have discovered other places in our solarsystem suitable for living and we will have d

17、iscovered ways to go further into space.【句式翻译】到本世纪末，我们将会在太阳系中发现其他适合人类居住的星球， 并将发现进行更远空间探索的方法。【句式分析】本句是由并列连词 and连接的复合句，句中运用了将来完成时态。【词语点拨】suitable adj. 合适的，适当的；构成短语： be suitable for 适合 They don t think this article is suitable for publication.他们认为这篇文章不宜发表。Joh n wan ted to cha nge over to a more suitabl

18、e job.约翰想换一个更加适合的工作。【语法点拨】将来完成时的构成： will/shall have do ne,表示“到将来某一时间为止已经完成的动作”。常与 by +将来时间，before+将来时间和by the time 引导的表示将 来时间的从句连用。如：He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year.到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。When we get there , she ll have gone to work.我们到那里时她会已上班去了。7.In today s world, winners

19、are celebrated and treated as heroes, but if doping and gene-therapy continue to affect the outcomes of major sporting events, the word“hero ” will have lost all meaning.【句式翻译】在当今世界，人们祝贺获胜者，并把他们看作英雄，但如果服用兴奋剂和 基因治疗继续影响着主要体育项目的成绩的话，“英雄”就失去了它的全部意义。【句式分析】本句是由并列连词 but连接的复合句，第二个分句运用了将来完成时，同时，包含有一个if引导的条件状

20、语从句。【词语点拨】1) celebrate vt. 庆祝The whole city celebrated the New Year with fireworks.全城放焰火来庆祝新年。2) affect vt. 影响，感动I told him firmly that his opinion will not affect my decisi on.我坚定的告诉他，他的观点不会影响我的决定。The audie nee prese nt was deeply affected by his speech.在场的听众都被他的演讲深深地打动了。【语法点拨】将来完成时，具体用法第6句。8.0ne o

21、f the earliest epidemics on record happened about500-550 ADwhen the Roman emperor at the time was attempting to rebuild the Roman Empire.【句式翻译】历史上有记载的最早的传染病之一发生在公元 500-550年，当时的罗马皇帝正在试图重建罗马帝国。【句式分析】本句包含一个 when引导的限制性定语从句，从句中运用了过去进行时。【词语点拨】attempt v .& n. 尝试，试图William attempted to find the solution to

22、the problem.威廉试图找到问题的解决办法。He was n early drow ned in the attempt to swim across.他在试图游到对岸去时差一点被淹死。【语法点拨】过去进行时的构成： was/were doing，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作”。常用的时间状语有 this morning, the whole morning, from nine to ten last evening, whe n, while 等。如：What was he writ ing all day last Sun day?上周日他一整天都在写什么？My brother

23、 fell while he was ridi ng his bicycle and hurt himself.我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来受伤了。9.The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predict ing far worse to come.【句式翻译】最近的几年里，人们见证了大规模的环境灾难， 专家们预测更为严重的灾难即将发生。【句式分析】本句是由并列连词 and连接的复合句，第一个分句运用了现在完成时。【词语点拨】on a grand scal

24、e 大规模地，大张旗鼓地We should popularize scie nee on a gra nd scale.我们应该大规模普及科学。【语法点拨】现在完成时的构成： has/have done，常表示某一动作或状态发生在过去，对现在有影响”，也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态”。常用的时间状语：for或since 弓丨导的时间状语及 before, un til now, up till now ,so far, up to the mome nt, i n the last few years 等。如：We have booked a room for today and tomorr

25、ow.我们已经预订了今天和明天的房间。The house has bee n empty for ages.这幢房子已经空了相当长时间了。(现在仍空着)10.In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported thathuman beings are causing changes in the Earth s climate - something previouslysee n as bey ond our con trol.【句式翻译】最近几十年，科学家们达成共识并报道说， 人类正在引起地球的气候

26、变化而这在以前看来是我们不能控制的。【句式分析】本句是复合句，含有一个 that引导的宾语从句，主句中运用了现在完成时。【词语点拨】1) reach (a) con se nsus 达成共识，达成一致意见It is very difficult for them to reach a consen sus on this issue.他们在这个问题上很难取得一致意见。2) beyo nd prep. 超过；越过；在较远的一边The delay was caused by heavy weather and was bey ond our con trol.延迟是由恶劣天气造成的，我们无法控制。

27、The beauty of the scene was bey ond compare.景色之美无与伦比。Linda always won dered what was bey ond the horiz on.琳达总是纳闷着地平线的那一边是什么。【语法点拨】现在完成时，具体用法第 10句。11.Treatments for jellyfish stings and snakebites have also been developed andin the last five years there have been only three deaths from jellyfish stin

28、gs andabout the same nu mber from sn akebites.【句式翻译】治疗水母刺伤和毒蛇咬伤方法也已经研制成功， 在过去的五年里只有三人死于水母刺伤，这与被蛇咬伤致死的人数大体相同。【句式分析】 本句是由并列连词 and连接的复合句，第一个分句运用了现在完成时的被 动语态。【词语点拨】develop v.开发，发展，研制(新产品)Over the last few years tourism here has developed con siderably.在过去几年里，这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展。The two compa nies have teame

29、d up to develop a new raci ng car.那两个公司已合作研制新型赛车。【语法点拨】现在完成时的被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态的结构的叠合,即：has/have been done,表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响或持续到现在，并且主语与 谓语动词之间为被动关系”。常用的时间状语：for或since引导的时间状语及before, until now, up till now ,so far, up to the mome nt, i n the last few years 等。如：The office looks n ice. It has just bee

30、 n clea ned.办公室看起来很干净。它刚被打扫过。The machi ne has bee n repaired for two hours.这台机器已修了两小时了。12.Adverts are not only made and paid for by bus in ess, but also by in dividuals,orga ni zati ons and associati ons that wish to inform or educate the public. 广告不仅【句式翻译】广告可由商家付费制作，也可以由想给公众传达某种信息或教育公众的个人、 组织或协会来出资

31、制作。【句式分析】本句是由并列连词 not onlybut also 连接的复合句，第一个分句运用了一般现在时的被动语态。【词语点拨】inform vt.通知，告知；构成短语：inform sb of sth 通知某人某事I shall inform you soon of the date of my arrival.我将把我到达的日期通知你。I regret to inform you that I am un able to help you.我遗憾地告诉你我没法帮助你。【语法点拨】一般现在时的被动语态的构成： is/are done 。表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作，并且主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系”。A lot of food is wasted every year.每年浪费掉很多食物。Milli ons of tons of waste and pois onous gases are sent in to the air with thesmoke.数百万吨的废气和毒气随着烟尘散发到空中。13.Margaret ,married with two small childre n, has bee n work ing for t