Therebe句型强调句型高考复习完整版.docx

1、Therebe句型强调句型高考复习完整版There be 句型一. There be 句型常用来表示某地/某时有某物/某人 二. 各种句型结构 1.肯定句： Therebe （is/are） 某物/某人地点/时间。 There is a computer in the room. 房间里有一台电脑。 There are two TV plays every evening. 每晚有两场电视剧 2.否定句： Therebe（is/are）not某物/某人地点/时间。这个句式的否定形式的构成是将be之后加not，同时，原句中如有some一词，也应改为any. 例如:There isnt any b

2、ird in the tree/There is no bird in the tree.树上没有鸟。There arent any children behind the house/There are no children behind the house房后没有小孩。 3. 一般疑问句： Be（Is/Are）there某物/某人地点/时间？Are there any birds in the picture? 图画中有鸟吗? 对疑问句的应答:Yes, there are/ there arent4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 be（is/are）there其它？How many bird

3、s are there in the picture?图片中有多少只小鸟?There is only one仅有一只。 针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： Whats + 介词短语?Whats on the boat? 5.There be 句型的反意疑问句 There is a cup on the table, isnt there? 桌子上有只杯子，是吗？ There are a lot of letters in the mailbox, arent there? 邮筒里有很多信件，是吗？ There will be a new hospital nearby, wont ther

4、e? 附近要建一家新医院，是吗? 三主谓一致There be后面所接的某物有多个时，谓语动词be要根据最靠近它的那个名词的单复数来确定，即就近原则。 e.g. There is a pen, a pencil-box and some books on my desk. 我的桌子上有一支钢笔，一个铅笔盒和一些书。 There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 门口有两个男孩，一个老师。四There be 结构和have的区别与联系（难点） 1.区别点：there be 意为存在，强调某地有某物，不表示所属关系；have 表示所有关系，

5、强调某人或某地有某物，这是其基本用法。如： There are some trees in front of the house.房前有些树。 Tom has many friends in China.汤姆在中国有许多朋友。2.相同点：在表示结构上的含有时，既可以用there be 句型，也可以用have（has） 来表示。如： 中国有许多长河。 There are many long rivers in China. China has many long rivers. 三月份有多少天？ How many days are there in March? How many days do

6、es March have?六. There be 结构中的时态 1.There be 句型中动词be可以有一般现在时、一般过去时、将来时和完成时。 There were fabulous wildflowers in the hills last spring. 去年春天，山中有极美的野花。 There will be a fine day tomorrow. 明天将是一个晴天。 There have been several private schools in our area this year.今年，我们这里已经有好几所私立学校了。 2.There be 句型可以和各种助动词、情态动

7、词连用。 There may be a cigarette in that box.那只盒子里或许有支香烟。 There must be some cakes on the table.桌子上一定有些蛋糕。 There used to be a hospital there before the war.战前，那里曾经有家医院。 3.There be 句型也可以和这样一些的谓语动词连用：be going to 、seem to 、appear to 、used to、be likely to 、happen to . There seem to be a few trees between m

8、e and the green. 在我与草坪之间好像有一些树。 There is gong to be a meeting tonight.今天晚上有个会议。 There is likely to be a storm.可能有一场暴雨。There happened to be a bus nearby.碰巧附近有辆公交车。There appears to have been a nasty accident.似乎发生了一起严重事故。七. there be 句型的变体 there be结构中的be有时可用come (来), develop (产生), exist (存在), fall (落下),

9、 follow (跟随), happen (发生), lie (躺着), live (住着), occur (发生), remain (还有), rise (升起),stand (站着)等。这些动词可以有时态变化，及物动词还可以有语态变化。例如：i. There fell a deep silence. 突然一片寂静。ii. There remains one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation. 在使用这一设备之前要完成一项试验。iii. Not long after this, t

10、here occurred a sudden revolution in public taste. 此后不久，公众的情趣发生了突然的变化。iv. There stands at the center of the square the Monument to the Peoples Heroes. 在广场的中央矗立着人民英雄纪念碑。 八. 习惯用语 There is no good /use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有好处/用处；There is not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽误。例如： There is no good making friends

11、 with him. 和他交朋友没有什么好处。 He is very ill. Send him to hospital. Theres not a moment to lose. 他病得厉害，把他送到医院去，一刻也不能耽误。难点部分(选学)一. 主语后的动词形式 在there be 句型中，主语与动词是主动关系时, 动词用现在分词形式；是被动关系时，动词用过去分词形式。如： There is a purse lying on the ground. 地上有一个钱包。 There are five minutes left now. 现在还有5分钟。 There is someone at t

12、he door to see you.二there be后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如： There is a lot of work to do. 有许多工作要做。 注意：当该句型主语是something, anything, nothing等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。 There is nothing to do. 没有事可做。 There is nothing to be done. 没有办法(束手无策)。 三、There be 结构的非谓语动词形式There be 结构的非谓语动词形式是there to be 和there being 两种形式

13、1.在句中作主语、宾语和状语。（1）. there being 结构起名词的作用，直接位于句首作主语，通常用it 作形式主语，并且用for引导。 There being a bus stop near my house is a great advantage.我家旁边有个公共汽车站，很是方便。 It is impossible for there to be any more.不可能再有了。 （2）. there be 结构作宾语时，通常用there to be ，常作这样一些词的宾语：expect，like, mean, intend, want, prefer, hate等。 I exp

14、ect there to be no argument about this.我期望关于这件事不要再争吵了。 I should prefer there to be no discussion of my private affairs.我宁愿不要讨论我的私事。 People dont want there to be another war.人们不希望再有战争了。 另外，作介词宾语时，如果是介词for，只能用“there to be”其它介词用“there being” The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等

15、着大家都安静下来。 I never dreamed of there being any good chance for me.我做梦也没想到我会有好机会。 2. 作状语的there be 形式，通常用“there being”结构。 There being nothing else to do ,we went home.因为没有其他事可做，我们就回家了。 They closed the door ,there being no customers.因为没有顾客，他们的店关门了。补充练习一.根据所给汉语完成句子。1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There _ a book and two p

16、ens on the desk. 2. 钱包里有些钱。There _ some money in the picture. 3. 在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。_ _ some cards in Jims bag.4. 里面还有其他的东西吗？_ _ anything else in it?5. 我们学校有许多班。There _ many _ in our school.6. 树上没有鸟。There _ _ birds in the tree.7. 树上有很多苹果。_ _ _apples _the tree.二. 用“have,has,had”或“there be”填空 1. I_a good fa

17、ther and a good mother. 2. _a telescope on the desk. 3. He_a tape-recorder. 4. _a basketball in the playground. 5. She_some dresses. 6. They_a nice garden. 7. What do you_? 8. _a reading-room in the building? 9. What does Mike_? 10. _any books in the bookcase? 11. My father_an interesting story-book

18、 ten years ago. . 12. _a story-book on the table. 13. _any flowers in the vase just now? 14. How many students_in the classroom? 15. My parents_some nice pictures. 16. _a map of Japan on the wall yesterday . 17. _a map of the world on the wall. 18. David_a telescope long before. 19. Davids friends_s

19、ome tents. 20. _many children on the hill tomorrow.三句型转换1. There arent any pictures on the wall.(同意句转换)There _ _ pictures on the wall. 2. There isnt a bike behind the tree. (同意句转换)There _ _bike behind the tree. 3. There is no milk in the glass (同意句转)There _ _ milk in the glass.4. There is no book on

20、 the floor. (同意句转换)There _ _ book on the floor.5. There are no pens in the pencil-case. (同意句转换)There _ _pens in the pencil-case.6. A week has seven days. (同意句转换)_ _ seven days _a week.7. There are some books on my shelves. (同意句转换)_ _ some books _ the shelves.8. Our class has 71 boys and girls. (同意句转

21、换)四 选择1. How many _ are there in the picture? A. woman B. women C. boy D. milk2.There _ two bowls of rice on the table. A. is B. have C. has D. are3.Are there _ houses near the river? Yes, there are_ . A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any4. There _ an English teacher and 40 students i

22、n the classroom. A. is B. areC. haveD. being5. Where _ dirt, there are flies.A. there has B. isC. there isD. has there6. There _ no fresh drinking water and no good farm land, it was not a comfortable place in which to live. A. be B. wasC. were D. being7. The students expected there _ more reviewing

23、 classes before the final exam. A. be B. being C. have beenD. to be强调句型考点讲与练句型结构：It is / was + 被强调部分+ that / who /whom +句子剩余部分 这个句型用来强调除谓语以外的各种句子成分,被强调部分必须放在it is/was 后面，如果强调的部分是人，可以who/whom 来代替that. 如：They will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow. 强调主语:It is they that/who will have a meeting in the

24、 hall tomorrow. 强调宾语:It is a meeting that they will have in the hall tomorrow 强调地点状语:It is in the hall that they will have a meeting tomorrow 强调时间状语:It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting in the hall.随着高考考点的不断深入变化，该句型总是以新的面孔出现，或本身发生变化，或与其他句式结构相结合，然而万变不离其宗，总是脱不掉it + be + that/who/whom 这一框架结构。现在

25、结合近几年有关高考题的特点，将其变化形式归纳如下：一. 强调句型的一般疑问句形式。句式特征：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that； 1（1994 上海）Was it in 1969 _ the American astronauts succeeded _ landing on the moon ?A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in 简析：比较It was in 1969 that the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon 我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈

26、述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。 2Could it be in the restaurant in _ you had dinner with me yesterday _ you lost your handbag?A. that; which B. which; that C. where; that D. that; where 这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式，第一空格所在的句子成分应为定语从句，结合介词in应用关系代词which；第二个空格所在部分应为强调句型中的that分句。故答案为B。二、 结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。句式特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it

27、 that？ 3_ is it _has made Peter _he is today?A. What; that; that B. That; that; whatC. What; what; that D. What; that; what 简析：本题结构复杂，乍看难以理清，请看下面两句：It is determination that has made Peter what he is today.对划线部分提问What is it that has made Peter what he is today?对照原题，则答案为D。 依此为据扩展开来可为： 4How is it that

28、she turned down our help? 什么原因使得？ 5Where was it that you met Tom yesterday? 究竟在哪？ 6When was it that you met him in the park? 究竟何时？ 7When and where was it that you got to know Mary? 究竟在何时何地？ 8Who was it that that came up with the bright idea? 究竟是谁？ 9Which book is it that you want to buy? 究竟是哪一本书？ 10W

29、hose umbrella was it that you took away? 到底是谁的伞？三、 强调句型的反意疑问句形式句式特征为：It is/was+被强调部分+that，isnt / wasnt it？ 11It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, _?A. do they B. didnt they C. wasnt it D. was it 简析：答案C. 此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语it保持一致，不能和被强调部分中的名词或代词保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否定”的原则。四、强调句型的感叹句形式。 句式特征为：what/ how it is (that) +主语+谓语！ 12What a beautiful picture it is (that) you have drawn! 13How beautiful it is (that) your daughter is!五、强调句型的“让步含义”。句式特征为：含有“让步含义”的强调句型在翻译成汉语时要注意“反译”。 14It is a wise father that kno