金融相关词汇的英语翻译Word文件下载.docx

1、 non-performing loans （assets） 财务公司 finance companies财政赤字 fiscal deficit财政挤银行 fiscal pressure on the central bank （over monetary policy）财政政策与货币政策的配合 coordination of fiscal and monetary policies采取循序渐进的方法 in a phased and sequenced manner操作弹性 operational flexibility操纵汇率 to manipulate exchange rate产品构成

2、product composition; product mix产品积压 stock pile; excessive inventory产销率 current period inventory; （即期库存，不含前期库存） sales/outputratio产销衔接 marketability产业政策 industrial policy长期国债 treasury bonds敞口头寸 open position炒股 to speculate in the stock market承购包销 underwrite （securities）成套机电产品 complete sets of equipme

3、nt; complete plant （s）城市信用社 urban credit cooperatives （uccs）城市合作银行 urban cooperative banks; municipal united banks城市商业银行 municipal commercial banks城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅 real growth in household income持续升温 persistent overheating重复布点 duplicate projects重置成本 replacement cost重组计划 restructuring plan筹资渠道 funding

4、sources; financing channels初见成效 initial success出口统一管理、归口经营 canalization of exports出口退税 export tax rebate储蓄存款 household deposits （不完全等同于西方的 savings deposits, 前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。）储蓄分流 diversion of household deposits储源萎缩 decline in the availability of household savings传导机制 transmission mechanism从价税 ad valo

5、rem tax从紧控制 tight control存贷款比例 loan/deposit ratio存款保险体系 deposit insurance system存款货币银行 deposit money banks存款准备金 required reserves 打白条 issue iou大额存单 certificate of deposit （cd）大额提现 withdraw deposits in large amounts大面积滑坡 wide-spread decline大一统的银行体制 （all-in-one） mono-bank system呆账（请见坏账） bad loans呆账准备金

6、 loan loss reserves （provisions）呆滞贷款 idle loans贷款沉淀 non-performing loans贷款分类 loan classification贷款限额管理 credit control; to impose credit ceiling贷款约束机制 credit disciplinary （constraint） mechanism代理国库 to act as fiscal agent代理金融机构贷款 make loans on behalf of other institutions戴帽贷款 ear-marked loans倒逼机制 reve

7、rsed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition道德风险 moral hazard地区差别 regional disparity 第一产业 the primary industry 第二产业 the secondary industry 第三产业 the service industry; the tertiary industry 递延资产 deferrable assets订货不足 insufficient orders定期存款 time deposits定向募集 raising funds from targe

8、ted sources东道国（请见母国） host country独立核算 independent accounting短期国债 treasury bills对冲操作 sterilization operation; hedging对非金融部门债权 claims on non-financial sector多种所有制形式 diversified ownership 恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation二级市场 secondary market 发行货币 to issue currency发行总股本 total stock issue法定准备金 required reserves; re

9、serve requirement法人股 institutional shares法人股东 institutional shareholders法治 rule of law房地产投资 real estate investment放松银根 to ease monetary policy非现场稽核 off-site surveillance （or monitoring）非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions非赢利性机构 non-profit organizations分税制 assignment of central and local taxes; ta

10、x assignment system分业经营 segregation of financial business （services）; division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions风险暴露（风险敞口） risk exposure风险管理 risk management风险意识 risk awarenes风险资本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios风险资本标准 risk-based capital standard服务事业收入 public service charges

11、; user s charges扶贫 poverty alleviation负增长 negative growth复式预算制 double-entry budgeting; capital and current budgetary account 改革试点 reform experimentation杠杆率 leverage ratio杠杆收购 leveraged buyout高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest个人股 non-institutional shares根本扭转 fundamental turnaround （or reve

12、rsal）公开市场操作 open market operations公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts公用事业 public utilities公有经济 the state-owned sector; the public sector公有制 public ownership工业成本利润率 profit-to-cost ratio工业增加值 industrial value added供大于求 supply exceeding demand; excessive supply鼓励措施 incentives股份合作企业 joint-equ

13、ity cooperative enterprises股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises股份制银行 joint-equity banks固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption关税减让 tariff concessions关税优惠 tariff incentives; preferential tariff treatment规范行为 to regularize （or standardize）.behavior规模效益 economies of scale国计民生 national int

14、erest and people s livelihood国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals国家风险 country risk国际分工 international division of labor国际收支 balance of payments国有独资商业银行 wholly state-owned commercial banks国有经济（部门） the state-owned （or public） sector国有企业 state-owned enterprises （soes）国有制 state-ownership国有资产

15、流失 erosion of state assets国债回购 government securities repurchase国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities过度竞争 excessive competition过度膨胀 excessive expansion过热迹象 signs of overheating 合理预期 rational expectation核心资本 core capital合资企业 joint-venture enterprises红利 dividend宏观经济运营良好 sound macroecono

16、mic performance宏观经济基本状况 macroeconomic fundamentals宏观调控 macroeconomic management （or adjustment）宏观调控目标 macroeconomic objectives （or targets）坏账 bad debt还本付息 debt service换汇成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings汇兑在途 funds in float汇兑支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary

17、s bank汇率并轨 unification of exchange rates活期存款 demand deposits汇率失调 exchange rate misalignment混合所有制 diversified （mixed） ownership货币政策态势 monetary policy stance货款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers 基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure基本经济要素 economic fundamentals基本适度 broadly appropriate基准利率 benchmark inter

18、est rate机关团体存款 deposits of non-profit institutions机会成本 opportunity cost激励机制 incentive mechanism积压严重 heavy stockpile;挤提存款 run on banks挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of （financial） resources（from designated uses）技改投资 investment in technological upgrading技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product计划单列市 municipali

19、ties with independent planning status计划经济 planned economy集体经济 the collective sector加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment加工贸易 processing trade加快态势 accelerating trend加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration加权价 weighted average price价格放开 price liberalization价格形成机制 pricing mechanism减亏 to reduce loss

20、es简化手续 to cut red tape; to simplify （streamline） procedures交投活跃 brisk trading缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves结构扭曲 structural distortion结构失调 structural imbalance结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance结构优化 structural improvement （optimization）结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign exchange金融脆弱 financial frag

21、ility金融动荡 financial turbulence金融风波 financial disturbance金融恐慌 financial panic金融危机 financial crisis金融压抑 financial repression金融衍生物 financial derivatives金融诈骗 financial fraud紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy紧缩政策 austerity policies; tight financial policies经常账户可兑换 current account convertibility经济特区 special

22、economic zones （sezs）经济体制改革 economic reform经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth （from investment expansion to efficiency gains）经济增长减速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth经济制裁 economic sanction经营自主权 autonomy in management景气回升 recovery in business activity境外投资 overseas inv

23、estment竞争加剧 intensifying competition局部性金融风波 localized （isolated） financial disturbance 开办人民币业务 to engage in rmb business可维持（可持续）经济增长 sustainable economic growth可变成本 variable cost可自由兑换货币 freely convertible currency控制现金投放 control currency issuance扣除物价因素 in real terms; on inflation-adjusted basis库存产品 i

24、nventory跨国银行业务 cross-border banking跨年度采购 cross-year procurement会计准则 accounting standard 来料加工 processing of imported materials for export离岸银行业务 off-shore banking （business）理顺外贸体制 to rationalize foreign trade regime利率杠杆的调节作用 the role of interest rates in resource allocation利润驱动 profit-driven利息回收率 inte

25、rest collection ratio联行清算 inter-bank settlement连锁企业 franchise （businesses）; chain businesses良性循环 virtuous cycle两极分化 growing income disparity;polarization in income distribution零售物价指数 retail price index （rpi）流动性比例 liquidity ratio流动资产周转率流通速度 velocity of liquid assets流动资金贷款 working capital loans流通体制 di

26、stribution system流通网络 distribution network留购（租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物） hire purchase垄断行业 monopolized industry （sector）乱集资 irregular （illegal） fund raising乱收费 irregular （illegal） charges乱摊派 unjustified （arbitrary） levies 买方市场 buyer s market卖方市场 seller s market卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo贸易差额 trade balance民间信用 n

27、on-institutionalized credit免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years of making profit and 50% tax reduction for the following three years明补 explicit subsidy明亏 explicit loss名牌产品 brand products母国（请见东道国） home country 内部控制 internal control内部审计 internal audit内地与香港 the mainland and hong kong内债

28、domestic debt扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives （rccs） 泡沫效应 bubble effect泡沫经济 bubble economy培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth平衡发展 balanced development瓶颈制约 bottleneck （constraints）平稳回升 steady recovery铺底流动资金 initial （start-up） working capital普遍回升 broad-based recovery配套改革 concomitant （supporting） reform