春季班初二下北师大版第02讲第七单元下教师版.docx

1、春季班初二下北师大版第02讲第七单元下教师版第二讲北师大版初二下 第七单元（下） 本讲内容内容基本要求Unit 7 Part 11. 要求掌握重点单词和词组2. 掌握常用搭配和重点语法3. 教学重点：（1）通过动词之间不同形式的搭配来表达个人喜好；（2）通过一般现在时中频率副词的使用来谈论礼貌行为；（3）动词不定式。考点透视1. - I usually go there by train. - Why not _ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going 解析：此题可根

2、据why not后直接跟原形动词规律而一举确定正确答案为D。若将B项改为try to go，则要根据其与try going意义之别来确定答案。依据题干对话内容，乙方是建议甲方尝试乘船变变花样，所以答案仍为D。2. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 解析：非谓语动词的否定式not应置于首位，B、D皆为错误形式。A项不能表达先于decided的动作，只有选C项才表没收到信在先，决定再写信在后，所以C

3、为正确答案。 3. Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first puter.A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented解析：consider表“考虑”意时，其后动词用doing形式，此处不表“考虑”，而表“认为”，这时consider后作宾语补足语或主语补足语多为to do, to have done, to be等形式。据此可排除B、D两个选项。又因A表“要发明”意，不合题用，只有C表“发明了”意，才合题用，故选C。 4. Most of the

4、artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 解析：“被邀请参加晚会”，应选表被动意的选项，B不可用。D项少引导词who，也应排除。又因短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作定语，C也应排除，只有A. invited (who were invited) 才是正确答案。5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. h

5、aving tied C. to be tired D. tied 解析：B表主动意，应排除。C表“将要被捆绑”，A表“正在被捆绑”都不合题意，只有D项填入空白才能表达“双手被反绑着”这一意思，符合题干情景。再看一类似例句： He came in,(with)his head held high.他昂首走了进来。同步串讲Step 1 知识点梳理【重点词汇短语】1. positively _ 反义词：_2. have trouble doing sth _3. have difficulty doing sth _4. pare sth with/to sth _5. think about/o

6、f _There are many things to think of/about before I make a decision.I cant think of his name at the moment.6. strength and weakness _7. pay for _8. improve _9. miss _10. be not used to sth/doing _11. one after another _After class, students came out of classroom one after another.12. in front of _13

7、. tell a joke/story _14. as usual _Step 2 重难点解析. 词语辨析1. used to / be used to doing/be used to do（1）usedto过去经常，以前常常（现在不做了）Weusedtogothereeveryyear.我每年都去那儿。 Heisnotwhatheusedtobe.他已不是旧日的他了。 （2）beusedtodoing习惯于做某事 Hesquiteusedtohardwork.(workinghard)他颇习惯于艰苦工作。 I am used to living in this city.我习惯住这个城市了

8、。（3）beusedtodosth. 被用来做Woodisusedtomakepaper.木材被用来造纸。The old man used to go fishing in the river.老人过去常到这条河钓鱼。2. lose / miss这两个词都有“丢失、失去”的意思，但程度上强弱不同。（1）lose语气较强，一般指失去不易找回。He lost his parents when he was young. 他小时候失去了父母。（2）miss有“发现失去”的意思，指东西找不到，但有找到的希望。I am afraid that Jim will miss a lot of lessons

9、.我担心吉姆将会缺很多课。（3）作定语、表语时，用lost或missing表示“丢失了的，不见了”Who has found my lost / missing pen? 谁发现我丢失了的钢笔？My money is lost / missing. 我的钱丢了。3. spend / take / cost这三个动词都可用来表示“花费”时间，使用时应注意：（1）take常用it作主语。句型：It takes sb. time to do sth. 如：It took me three hours to finish my work. 完成这项工作用了我3个小时。（2）spend则用人作主语，常用

10、的句型是“sb. spends time (in) doing sth.”。He spent 30 minutes (in) writing the letter. 他用了30分钟写那封信。（3）cost 后面更多地用于句型“It /sth. cost sb. + 金钱”，表示“某人花钱做某事”。The TV set cost him 5000 yuan. 这台电视机花了他5000元。 注意：costcost-cost 过去式、过去分词和原形一样。（4）pay以人作主语，只能用于花钱，常与for连用。“sb. pays money for sth.”I pay two yuan for thi

11、s pen. 词组的使用1. We like traveling by bus but we prefer traveling by train. e.g. Tom used to drink a lot of coffee. Now he prefers tea. He offered to drive us to the theater, but we preferred to walk. He prefers singing to acting.2. Sometimes we help Grandpa with some jobs on the farm but if we dont f

12、eel like doing anything, thats okay with him.e.g. You can talk to me whenever you feel like it.I feel like going to the cinema this afternoon.3. There are many different ways to show respect to older people.e.g. I hate those who showed no respect to their parents. I respect his knowledge.4. For exam

13、ple, most people speak more formally when they talk to elderly people. old 指年老的 older指年纪较大的 elder 指两个人中年纪稍大的，通常指家中兄弟姐妹之间 elderly 是对年纪较大的人的尊敬说法。5. All public buildings are supposed to provide special facilities for people in wheelchairs.be supposed to do 应当，理应He is supposed to be here in about an hou

14、r.He was supposed to be a college graduate but he knew nothing about history.provide for给提供They provided fresh vegetables for us.He provided for his family by working in a small factory.6. What happened to people who dont love themselves and dont have confidence in themselves?e.g. You know I have pe

15、rfect confidence in you. She is short of confidence in herself. I dont have enough confidence in myself.7. If you dont love yourself and have confidence in yourself, you will always have difficulty loving other people.e.g. He doesnt have much difficulty (in) working out the problems. I had some diff

16、iculty in doing math.8. That way, you can accept them in other people.e.g. You can look at things that way, but the society doesnt. This way, you can keep good relation with them.9. Sometimes I miss my family and Im not very used to the food here. e.g. He is not used to working alone. You should get

17、 used to your new job quickly.10. do ones beste.g. He did his best to finish the task.Step 3重点语法讲解. 反身代词1. 形式：反身代词是所有格形容词+-self组成的复合词，或由宾格代词+-self组成。单数：myself yourself himself herself itself oneself复数：ourselves yourselves themselves2. 使用：（1）英语中，反身代词通常与句子的主语所指相同。 e.g. He fell over and hurt himself. S

18、he sometimes talks to herself. I have cut myself. The boss gave himself a rise. Do you enjoy yourself on your birthday?（2）反身代词也用来特别强调一个动作。这时，我们通常把重音放在反身代词上。 e.g. Did you buy the cake at the store? No, I didnt. I made it myself. Toms all right himself, but his wife is badly hurt. You can blame no one

19、, but yourself.（3）“by+反身代词”表示“无援地”“独自地” e.g. He lives by himself. Susan made this dolls dress all by herself.（4）反身代词用在be或系动词后，表示感觉，情绪或状态。 e.g. I dont know whats the matter with me. Im not myself today.（5）固定搭配： Help yourself! Make yourself at home. Dont upset yourself. I couldnt make myself heard abo

20、ve the noise. 过去进行时态1. 过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，常和表示过去时间的状语then，at this（that）time，yesterday，at nine，last night等连用。但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。结构：was / were + doingWhat were you doing at nine last night？ 昨晚九点时，你在做什么？I called you yesterday afternoon but there was no answer. I was visiting a frie

21、nd of mine most of the afternoon. 2. 当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时，用过去进行时表示较长的动作。过去进行时可用于主句，也可用于从句。 注意：when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。（1）when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新

22、的？Sorry，I was out when you called me（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 Strike while the iron is hot（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。 The students took notes as they listened（listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。 （2）when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 When he had finished his hom

23、ework，he took a short rest.（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left.（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in.（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 When While As she was making a phone call,

24、 I was writing a letter.（make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 （3）当主句、从句动作同时进行，as表示“随着”；“一边，一边”之意, 只能用 as。As the time went on, the weather got worse.The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.As years go by, China is getting stronger and richer.The little girls sang as they went.The sad mot

25、her sat on the roadside, shouting as she was crying.（4）在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。 You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.When I was cleaning the windows, my brother was sweeping the floor. They were watching TV when the lights went out. 3. 过去进行时表示过去将来的动作 现在进行时可以表示将来的动作。同样，过去进行时

26、也可以表示从过去某时间看将要发生的动作，常用在间接引语中。She went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning. She asked him whether he was ing back to lunch.4. 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别用一般过去时，只是表示有过这件事；用过去进行时，则强调了动作的连续性。Li Ming washed the dishes. 李明洗过盘子了。 Li Ming was washing the dishes. 李明在洗盘子。 The children watched TV yesterda

27、y evening.昨天晚上孩子们看了电视。 The children were watching TV yesterday evening.昨晚孩子们整晚都在看电视。（没干别的）I was reading a novel this morning.上午我在看小说。（可能没看完）I read a novel this morning.上午我看了一本小说。（已经看完了）练一练1. She asked him whether he _ back for lunch.A. e B. was ing C. came D. had e2. Could you tell me when _?A. she

28、is ing B. she was ing C. will be e D. is he ing3. The teacher _ when I came into the classroom.A. is drawing B. draws C. has drawn D. was drawing4. The pizza _ by my mother. Would you like to have some?A. makes B. was making C. made D. was made5. Nobody noticed what she _ at the moment.A. will do B.

29、 was doing C. has done D. had done6. Was it raining hard when you _ this morning?A. left B. leaves C. was leaving D. would leaveKeys: 1-6 B ADDBA随堂巩固一、单选1. What _ from three to four yesterday afternoon?A. have you done B. had you done C. did you do D. were you doing2. - I call you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.- Oh., Im sorry I _ dinner at my friends home.A. home B. had C. was having D. have had3. My mother _ while my father _TV.A. cooked; was watching B. was cooking; was watchingC. was cooked; watched D. cooked; watched4. When I got home, my son _ the music.A