七年级上册英语语法归纳.docx

1、七年级上册英语语法归纳七年级上册英语语法1. Be动词（am, is, are）的用法口诀：I用am , you用are ,is跟着他（he）她（she）它（it ）。单数is，复数are.变疑问, 往前提，句末问号莫丢弃，变否定，更容易， be后not莫忘记，疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。re注意：be动词通常会和其他词连写在一起，如： I m , what s ,name 等they I a stude nt.You Janpan ese.He my brother.She very nice.My n ame Harry.They 10 years old.The books n ew

2、.Mary, this Tom.There a desk in the room.What these?2. 冠词的用法冠词分为不定冠词（a ,an）、定冠词（the）和零冠词（不用冠词的情况）三种。不定冠词a （an）与数词one同源，是 一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而 an则用于元音音素前。定冠词the的用法：巧计定冠词 the用法歌诀：特指双方熟悉，上文已经提起。世上独一无二，方位名词乐器。某些专有名词，还有复数姓氏。序数词最高级，习惯用语要牢记。零冠词的用法：1. 专有名词前一般不加冠词China 中国 Europe 欧洲 Lei Feng 雷锋 William Shakespea

3、re 威廉莎士比亚2. 月份、星期、节日前一般不加冠词January 月份 Sunday 星期日 Christmas Day 圣诞节 Thanksgiving 感恩节Natio nal Day 国庆节 May Day 劳动节注：民族节日前要加 the如:the Spring Festival3. 三餐、四季前一般不加冠词I have lunch at school. 我在学校吃午餐。Summer is the best seas on for swim ming. 夏天是游泳的好季节。比较： I had a big lunch yesterday.昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。（表示某一个）比较：

4、 I will n ever forget the summer we spe nt in Hawaii.我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。（表示特指）4. 进行球类运动 play basketball 打篮球 play volleyball 打排球 play football 踢足球5. by+交通工具 by bus乘公交车 by bike骑自行车6. 固定词组go to school 去上学 go to bed 上床睡觉 go by train 乘火车去 go by boat 乘船去在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划 /。1. What s this? It s cl

5、ock.2. first less on is easy.3. What is it? It s “ w”.4. What color is your coat? It s orange. It s orange coat.5. woman is Mrs.Gree n. She is teacher.6. Those pens are in pen cil-case.7.1 like play ing soccer.8. Whe n does Lily go to bed in evening?. h , o and w in the word how .10 I paly guitar ev

6、ery day.三名词和代词的数1. 写出下列词的复数形式。baby case knife photo Chinese hamburger potato key watch name strawberry tomato dollar orange people documentary boy piano child man this that I she you bus wish Japanese am 2. 翻译短语五门学科 三部电影一些动作片 许多手表一点食品 一点蔬菜许多冰激凌 三块鸡肉一些工作 许多作业四辆公共汽车 3. 选择填空1. There on the wall .They a

7、re very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. isphotos2. This kind of car made in Shan ghai.A. is B .are C .were D .has3. There are four and two in the group.A. Japa nese, Germe nGerma ns4. That a art book.A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys have got already.A. two bread B. two brea

8、ds C. two pieces of bread D. two pieceof bread6. The old man wants .A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. sixboxs of apples7. There some in the river.A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish8. There two in the box.A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. i

9、swatches9. We should clea n twice a day.A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth10. The meet ing room is n ear the readi ng room.A.teacher B.teacher s C.teachers D.teachers四.句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词 ，即I t we, you f you , she,he,itthey。女口： She is a girl. f They are girls.(2)am , is 要

10、变为 are。女口：I m a student. f We are students. 不定冠词a, an要去掉。女口：He is a boy. f They are boys.(4) 普通单数名词要变为复数形式。 女口：It is an apple. f They are apples.指示代词this , that要变为these , those。如：This is a box. f These are boxes.把下列句子变成复数句。1. This is a bike.2. That is an eraser.3. It is a red oran ge.4. He is a teac

11、her.5. What s this?6. He is a Chin ese boy.7. A photo is on the wall.5. 改错。1. He has many ice cream forbreakfast. 2. The girl has two broccoli forlunch. 3. The stude nt does a few homework everyday. 4.1 want to go tomovie. 5. We can see much clothes in thestore. 6. Does she have threecousin? 7. They

12、 areJapaneses. 8.1 have someapple. 9.1 want to see a Beiji ngOpera. 五时态复习-一般现在时1) 一般现在时表示现在的状态。 She is at home.2) 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作， 常与表示频度的时间状语 every day, usually,always, often, sometimes, on Sun day 等连用,3) 一般现在时表示客观 (事实)存在及普遍真理 The earth goes around the sun.1. 含be动词的一般现在时Be动词要根据句中的主语的人称和数而变化。它有三种形

13、式： am, is ,are.女口： I am a teacher. My brother is at school. Lucy and Lily are frien ds.2. 实义动词的一般现在时一个动作经常或反复地发生，就用一般现在时。第三人称单数( he, she, it,Tom 和单数名词等)作主语时，谓语动词要加 “s” “es，这种动词形式简称为动词的单三形式。记住：单三人称单三动，其他人称用原形。如：They get up at six o clock. He goes to school at seven thirty.3动词第三人称单数的构成规则：a. 一般情况下在动词词尾

14、加 s 女口： get-gets like-likes playplays，wantwants， work works， know knows， help helps， get getsb. 以字母 s、x、ch 或 o 结尾的动词力口 -es，如口： guess guesses, fix fixes， teachteaches, brushbrushes， go goes， dodoes, watch watches， catchcatchesc. 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，先变 y为i，再加-es。如：study studies， carrycarries， fly flies， wor

15、ry worries特殊词： have-has用动词的适当形式填空。1. We ofte n (play) in the playgro und.2. He (get) up at six o clock.3. you (brush) your teeth every morni ng.4. What (do) he usually (do) after school?5. they (like) the World Cup?6. Mike sometimes (go) to the park with his sister.7. At night, she (watch) TV with h

16、is parents.8 Mike (read) English every day?9. How many lessons your classmate (have) on Monday?10. What time his mother (do) the housework?11. He usually (get)up at six in the morning.1 2. She (have) blues eyes.1 3. We (go ) to school every day1 4. The boy (like) playing football.1 5. We (have )no c

17、lasses on Sun days.1 6. She (write) to her mother once a week.1 7. It (rain)quite often during the month of July every year.1 8. She often (watch)TV on Saturdays.1 9. Mike usually (ride) a bike with his friends in the park.20 Peter and Mary often (play) badminton together.一按要求写出下列各词的相应形式 .1. child (

18、孩子)(复数形式) _2. are not (缩写) 3. those (单数形式) 4. I (宾格形式) 5. box (复数形式) 6. hour (同音词) 7. come (反义词) 8.watch(复数) 9.five( 序数词 ) 10.twelve( 序数词 ) 二、 根据句意补全句子。1、 English is my favorite in school.2、 The twelfth month of a year is .3、 He loves to listen music.4、 you dance? Yes,I can.5、 I like milk( 牛奶 )and e

19、ggs breakfast.6、 I like baseball I don t like football.7、 your brother want to go to a movie?8、 Today is Thursday.It is tomorrow( 明天 ).9、 They are from China,but they can English.10、 My pen pal from Canada.三、 用所给单词的适当形式填空 .1. February is the_(two)month of a year.2. How many_(child)do you have?3. He

20、is a famous (music)in the city.4. This is a (Japan)car(小汽车).5. _(she)science teacheris Mr Baldwin.6. Miss Gao is a (success)doctor.7. Thanks for (sing) for us.8. Let s (play)soccer ball today.9. What language you (speak)?10. Your sister (not dance)in the morning.六.指示代词1. This（这个）和that （那个）用法this和tha

21、t是指示代词，it是人称代词。（2）距离说话人近的人或物用 this,距离说话人远的人或物用 that。如：This is a flower.这是一朵花。（近处）That is a tree.那是一棵树。（远处）放在一起的两样东西，先说 this,后说that。如：This is a pen. That is a pen cil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。向别人介绍某个人时，要说 “ This is ，而不说“ That is 厂也不能说“ He is - 或“ She is。.介绍两个人时，先用 “This is 介绍一个人，然后用 “That is 介绍 另一个人。如：This is

22、Hele n. Hele n, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。This is my brother and that is my sister. 这是我哥哥，那是我妹妹。（5） This is 不能缩写，而That is可以缩写。如：This is a bike. That s a这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。（6） 打电话过程中，介绍自己时通常用 this指代我”不用代词I;询问对方时用 that指代你”不用代词you。例如：-Hello. This is Mary. Who s th喂？我是玛丽。你是谁? -This is Tom.我是汤姆。注意：虽然汉语中使用 我”

23、和你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说： I am,Areyou ? /Who are you?在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时，要用it代替this或that。如：1 一Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？Yes, it is. 是的，它是。2 一What s that?那是什么？It s a kite是只风筝。2. these （这些）和those （那些）用法this, that, these 和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式，指时间，距离较 近的或下面要提到的人或事 ;those是that的复数形式，指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物

24、。1 This is my bed. That is Lily s这ed我的床。那是莉莉的床。2 These pictures are good. 那些画很好。3 Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避 免重复。如：4 Are these/those your即ples? 这些（那些）是你的苹果吗？Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。（ ）1. pen is red. pencil is gree n.A. this, that B. These, Those C. Tha

25、t, Those D. This, That（ ）2. Is a panda over there?A. this B. that C. those D. these（ ）3. two boys are Mr. Green s sons.A. This B. These C. That D. those( )4. two girls are Mary and Lin da.A. This B. They C. That D. Those( )5. is Mr. White and is my father.A. This,those B. That,these C. These,these D

26、. This,this ( )6 Is that your sister?A Yes, she is B Yes, it is C No, it is D No, she isn t ( )7 Are those your books?A Yes, those are. BNo,they aren CYes, these are七.名词所有格英语名词所有格有两种：s属格和of属格。1 s所有格的用法：a主要用于有生命的名词，例如： my brothers books, Marys friendb用于地理、国家机关、城市等名词，例如： Beijings future, the governmen

27、tsthe city s look.c用于时间、价值、距离、重量等名词， 例如：todays newspaper, ten dollars wort h, five miles dista nee, twenty poun ds weight.d表示理发店、商店等名词或一些习惯用法，例如： at the butchers2 of 所有格的用法：主要用于表示无生命的名词，例如： the door of the house,a map of China, photos of my family.3 特殊所有格：若一样东西为两人共有，后一个人名用所有格；如果不是两人共有， 而是各有各的，则两个名词都

28、用所有格，且其后名词应为复数。Lucy and Lily s moth露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈，一个妈妈) Lucy s and Kate s roo露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间，两间房子)1. - Hows Marys skirt?A.her sisters and Kate-Her skirt is more beautiful tha nB.her sister and Kate C.her sister and Kates D.her sisters and Kates2. This is car. is over there.D.visitors ； MyD.Toms and S

29、amsA.visitors ； My B.visitors ； Mine C.visitor ； Mine3. room is big and bright. They like it very much.A.Tom and Sam B.Toms and Sam C.Tom and Sams4. fathers are both teachers.A.Jims and Bob B.Jims and Bobs C.Jim and Bobs D.Jim and Bob5. This is a photo of .A.yours B.yourselves C.your D.yourself6. Th

30、e old teacher is a friend .A.my brothers B.my brother C.of my brothers D.of a brothers7. You can enjoy . quiet streets.A the city B a city C the city D a city s八代词1、人称代词和物主代词人称代 词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyoushe he itthey宾格meusyouyouher him itthem物主代 词形容词 性myouryouryourher his itstheir名词性mi neoursyoursyour shershisitstheirs1.通常情况下，人称代词的主格在句子中作 主语，放在动词 （be动词，情态动词和行为动词等）的前面。I am a girl. We can sing and dance.2. 通常情况