高三英语语法第一轮精讲精练复习题 非谓语动词.docx

1、高三英语语法第一轮精讲精练复习题 非谓语动词高三英语语法第一轮精讲精练复习题 非谓语动词不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句，不定式作状语时往往用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。1不定式用来作目的状语：作目的状语时，不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语，这里往往译作“为了，想要”。To be a winner，you need to give all you have and try your best.要想成为赢家，你要付出所有并竭尽全力。2不定式用于so.as to .，such.as to；enough to；too.to；only to等结构中作结果状语。Would you be so k

2、ind as to lend me your bicycle?你能不能行行好，借给我你的自行车？He is such a fool as to think that his strange behaviour can inflect others.他如此愚蠢以至于认为他奇怪的行为会影响他人。He hurried to the booking office only to have been told all the tickets had been sold out.他匆忙去了售票处，结果被告诉所有的票已经卖完了。提醒：“onlyto do”表示出乎意料的结果，tell 和主语He 之间存在动

3、宾关系，因而应用不定式的被动结构。而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。His parents died，leaving him an orphan.他的父母去世了，使他成为孤儿。3过去分词作状语和现在分词作状语一样，修饰主句的谓语动词，意义上相当于状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随状况等。Given the right kind of training，these teenager soccer players may one day grow into international stars.如果得到正确的训练，这些少年足球选手有朝一日可能成为国际明星。Reminded not to

4、 miss the flight at 1520，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.提醒不要错过1520的航班，他匆忙出发过了机场。4某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构中。此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，这样的词有：lost(迷路的)，seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(感到厌倦)等，不管它们作什么成分都不用其ing形式。Lost in the mountains for a week，we

5、were finally saved by the local police.在大山里迷失一个星期，我们最终被当地警察所救。Absorbed in his book，he didnt notice me enter the room.专心读书，他没注意到我进入房间。5动词的ing 短语作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作，它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。动词的ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。Being ill，he couldnt go to school.因为生病，他不能去上学。(原因)My car was caught in a traffic

6、 jam，thus causing the delay.我的车被交通拥挤堵住，所以延误了。(结果)As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not moving，and asked myself what I was going to do.(伴随)当交通路灯变绿灯时，我站了一会儿，一动不动，自问要做什么事。6现在分词有：一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式，每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not 构成。一般式(doing)表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作；被动式(being done)表示正在进行的被动的动作；完成式(hav

7、ing done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作；完成被动式(having being done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。Not having received a reply，he decided to write again.没有得到答复，他决定再写信去。The old man，having worked abroad for twenty years，came back to his motherland.(work 与句子的主语The old man之间存在主谓关系，而且work这一动作发生在谓语动作之前)在国外工作了二十年，这位老人回到了祖国。Having been

8、scolded many times，he determined to study hard to catch up with others.多次被批评之后，他决定努力学习赶上他人。7有一些固定结构，如：generally speaking，taking everything into consideration，judging from/by等，无论主语是什么都用这种形式作状语。Taking everything into consideration，the result is better than expected.把一切因素考虑进去，结果比预料的要好。Judging from what

9、 he said，he must be an honest man.从他说的话来判断，他一定是一位诚实的人。8现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别：如果是意义上的主谓关系，一般用动词ing形式；如果是意义上的动宾关系，则一般用过去分词。Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks even more beautiful.从山顶上看，这个公园显得更加美丽。(see 与主语the park之间存在动宾关系)Seeing from the top of the hill，we find the park even more beautiful.从山顶上看，我们发

10、现这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语we之间存在主谓关系)9现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。There are two roads before us，one leading to the beach，the other to the park.在我们面前有两条路，一条通向沙滩，另一条通向公园。10过去分词(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系，表示该动作的被动或完成。For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on his own farm.早饭他只喝自

11、己农场种植的新鲜水果榨出来的果汁。11动词不定式作定语多表示将来动作。We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.我们被邀请参加下周五在我们俱乐部举行的聚会。12过去分词作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。Ill have my house painted tomorrow.明天我会让人把我的房子粉刷一下。(被动)When I opened the door，I found the ground covered by fallen leaves.当我打开门

12、时，我发现地面被落叶所覆盖。13现在分词作宾语补足语：现在分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。现在分词作宾语补足语强调正在进行的主动动作，即动作过程的一个部分。可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see，watch，hear，observe，feel，find，have，keep等。They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.他们使用电脑使交通畅通无阻。14have sth.doneget sth.done 使/让某事由别人去做(叫/让某人做某事)Ill have/get my bike r

13、epaired tomorrow.我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。Mr Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday.史密斯先生在度假期间，他家的房子被别人破门而入。注意：have sb.doing 若用于否定句中，其中have 有“容忍”之意。I wont have you speaking to your dad like that.我不允许你和你父亲那样讲话。练习题：1.Hurry up，Mary! Its time to go.Im getting_.Have a little patience.Adress

14、 BdressingCto dress Ddressed2I have a lot of readings_before the end of this term.AcompletingBto completeCcompleted Dbeing completed3With the world changing fast，we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day.Adeal BdealtCto deal Ddealing4Every year，Tom remembers to have some flowers_to her

15、 mother on her birthday.Asend BsentCsending Dbeing sent5.Dina，_for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.Astruggling BstruggledChaving struggled Dto struggle6_at my classmates faces，I read the same excitement in their eyes.ALooking BLookCTo look DLo

16、oked7_a written permission，he had to write another letter to the president of the university.ANot giving BNot having been givenCHaving not given DHaving not been given8In many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant _.Ato deal with Bdealing withCto be dealt withDdealt with9I

17、 had great difficulty_the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.Afind BfoundCto find Dfinding10Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues_with her stories.Aamused BamusingCto amuse Dto be amused11The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and_less than 40

18、 pounds must be in a child safety seat.Abeing weighedBto weighCweighed Dweighing12We were astonished _the temple still in its original condition.Afinding Bto find Cfind Dto be found13Mrs White showed her students some old maps_from the library.Ato borrow Bto be borrowedCborrowed Dborrowing14His firs

19、t book_next month is based on a true story.ApublishedBto be publishedCto publishDbeing published15The lady walked around the shops，_an eye out for bargains.Akeep BkeptCkeeping Dto keep16In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained_abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.Asticking BstuckCto be stuck Dto

20、 have stuck17The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already_for a meal to be cooked.Alaid BlayingCto lay Dbeing laid18.Hurry up，Mary! Its time to go.Im getting_.Have a little patience.Adress BdressingCto dress Ddressed19I have a lot of readings_before the end of this term.AcompletingB

21、to completeCcompleted Dbeing completed20With the world changing fast，we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day.Adeal BdealtCto deal Ddealing21Every year，Tom remembers to have some flowers_to her mother on her birthday.Asend BsentCsending Dbeing sent22.Dina，_for months to find a job as

22、a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.Astruggling BstruggledChaving struggled Dto struggle23_at my classmates faces，I read the same excitement in their eyes.ALooking BLookCTo look DLooked24_a written permission，he had to write another letter to the president of the univers

23、ity.ANot giving BNot having been givenCHaving not given DHaving not been given25The scientist was rewarded by the government for_such a great contribution to the country.Amake BmakingCbeing made Dhaving made26A powerful earthquake struck Haitis capital，_tens of thousands homeless and buried in ruins

24、.Aleft Bto leaveCbeing left Dleaving27When the minister came to the snowstricken area，he was happy to see the disaster victims well_.Atake care of Btook care ofCtaken care of Dtaking care of28A few days after the interview I received a letter_my admission to the university.Aoffering BofferedChaving

25、offered Dto be offered29Can you imagine what difficulty people had this year_against the severe natural disasters?Afighting Bto fightCfought Dfight30How do you Chinese celebrate Midautumn Day?Well，it depends.For me，I usually sit in the yard，_the full moon with my family.Aappreciating BadmiringCappre

26、ciated Dto admire31Cao Caos tomb is reported_in Anyang，which attracts nationwide attention.Abeing found Bto be foundChaving been found Dto have been found32After suffering a heart attack，Michael Jackson was pronounced dead，_a tragic end to the worlds most popular entertainer.Amarking Bto markCmarked

27、 Dhaving marked33You can hardly imagine the efforts I have made_the goal.Ato achieve Bof achievingCto of achieving Dto have achieved34When I came in，I found Lucy_by the window_to music.Aseated；listening Bseated；listenedCseating；listened Dseating；listening35The county，_in the north of Shanxi，has a hi

28、story of more than 1,400 years.Alocated Bto be locatedCbeing located Dlocating36It was reported that 115 miners_in the flooded mine for eight days were pulled alive at last.Atrapped Bbeing trappedCwere trapped Dhad trapped37China is known_greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few yea

29、rs.Ato change Bhaving changedCchanging Dto have changed38_from the operation，the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.AHaving not fully recoveredBBeing not fully recoveredCNot having fully recoveredDNot fully recovering39Be careful！Dont forget you are on a ladder.But you are holding it for me，nothing_.Aworry about Bto worry aboutCis worried about Dworrying about40.There were many talented actors out th