邝坚北邮嵌入式实验报告.docx

1、邝坚北邮嵌入式实验报告嵌入式系统期末实验一、实验要求题目：支持消息驱动模式的实时软件框架目的：在充分理解嵌入式处理器特点、RTOS 及强实时嵌入式系统软件设计规范的基础上，构建自己的实时系统软件框架基本功能，并在其上自拟应用（如部分模拟TCP 的C/S两端通信流程），测试软件框架的相关功能。环境：VxWorks 的VxSim 仿真环境或2440(ARM920T)内容：必选功能：1. 消息驱动的Task 统一框架，包含统一消息格式定义及使用规范；2. 支持消息驱动模式的软定时器的机制；3. Task 启动同步功能；4. 体现前次实验中实现的自定义内存管理机制，最大限度降低外部碎片对系统可靠性的威

2、胁。可选功能（加分）：其它有利于实时处理的有效机制，如：无信号量（互斥）支持的临界资源访问方式，zero copy 等；二、实现的功能1. 消息驱动的Task 统一框架，包含统一消息格式定义及使用规范；STATUS Task()Initialization(MBox, Data Structure, Timer, etc.)ForeverMsgReceive If()else if()typedef struct _MESSAGE int mType; /* 消息类型 0:timer-client *1:client-server 2:server-client*/ int mSendId;

3、/* 发送任务的MESSAGE ID */ int mRecvId; /* 接收任务的MESSAGE ID */ int mData; /* 消息中传递的数据 */MESSAGE;2. 支持消息驱动模式的软定时器的机制；/* timer(id)向客户端消息队列定时发送的定时器*/STATUS timer(int id) MESSAGE* txMsg;/* 用于从消息队列中接收消息 */ int tick;/*创建一个定时，用于提醒发送者任务定时发送消息*/ tick=sysClkRateGet(); semTake(semSynStart,WAIT_FOREVER); FOREVER task

4、Delay(int)(tick*DELAY_SECOND); txMsg = (MESSAGE*)memMalloc(MAX_MSG_LEN); txMsg-mType = 0; txMsg-mSendId = MID_TIMER(id); txMsg-mRecvId = MID_CLIENT(id); txMsg-mData = 0; printf(tTimer%d send message to tClient%d!n,id,id); if(msgQSend(msgQIdClientid,(char*)&txMsg,MAX_MSG_LEN,WAIT_FOREVER,MSG_PRI_NORM

5、AL) = ERROR ) return (ERROR); return (OK);3. Task 启动同步功能；由manager()创建的任务优先级最高，先创建timer()、server()、client()的任务，让他们都在等待信号量semSynStart而被阻塞，最后创建manager()的任务，占据CPU，等待其他所有任务都被阻塞，解锁所有等待信号量的任务，让它们同时启动。/* progStart()启动实例程序*/STATUS progStart(void) int id; /* 用来区分不同的定时器或者客户任务 */ mallocPtr=&sysMalloc; mallocPtr

6、-frontBlock = 0; initialPtr = initial(); tidServer = tidManager = 0; for (id = 0; id NUM_CLIENT; id+) tidClientid = 0; for (id = 0; id NUM_TIMER; id+) tidTimerid = 0; /* 创建消息队列 */ msgQIdServer = msgQCreate(MAX_MSGS, MAX_MSG_LEN, MSG_Q_FIFO|MSG_Q_EVENTSEND_ERR_NOTIFY); if (msgQIdServer = NULL) return

7、 (ERROR); for (id = 0; id NUM_CLIENT; id+) msgQIdClientid = msgQCreate(MAX_MSGS, MAX_MSG_LEN, MSG_Q_FIFO|MSG_Q_EVENTSEND_ERR_NOTIFY); if (msgQIdClientid = NULL) return (ERROR); semSynStart = semBCreate(SEM_Q_FIFO | SEM_EVENTSEND_ERR_NOTIFY,SEM_EMPTY); semMalloc = semBCreate(SEM_Q_PRIORITY,SEM_FULL);

8、 semFree = semBCreate(SEM_Q_PRIORITY,SEM_FULL); /* 创建任务 */ tidServer = taskSpawn(tServer, 220, 0, STACK_SIZE,(FUNCPTR)server,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0); for (id = 0; id NUM_CLIENT; id+) char tempName20; sprintf(tempName, tClient%d, id); tidClientid = taskSpawn(tempName, 210, 0, STACK_SIZE, (FUNCPTR)client

9、,id,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0); for (id = 0; id NUM_TIMER; id+) char tempName20; sprintf(tempName, tTimer%d, id); tidTimerid = taskSpawn(tempName, 230, 0, STACK_SIZE, (FUNCPTR)timer,id,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0); tidManager = taskSpawn(tMannager, 200, 0, STACK_SIZE, (FUNCPTR)manager,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0); printf(pro

10、grame start!n); return (OK);/* manager() 管理进程，实现task同步*/STATUS manager() int id; while(taskIsSuspended(tidServer) | taskIsReady(tidServer) taskDelay(10); for (id = 0; id NUM_CLIENT; id+) while(taskIsSuspended(tidClientid) | taskIsReady(tidClientid) taskDelay(10); for (id = 0; id poolNum = 2; poolPtr

11、-pool = (poolHead*)(char*)mem + sizeof(pool); /*pool指向申请内存区尾*/ /*初始化pool 1 该内存池分配大小为16B的内存*/ poolHeadPtr = (poolHead*)(char*)mem + sizeof(pool);/*初始化内存池的首位置*/ poolHeadPtr-available = 32; /*初始化可用块数32*/ poolHeadPtr-blockSize = 16; /*块大小16B*/ blockHeadPtr = (blockHead*)(char*)poolHeadPtr+sizeof(poolHea

12、d); /*初始化块的首位置*/ poolHeadPtr-firstavailable = blockHeadPtr; /*初始化第一块可用块的位置*/ poolHeadPtr-next= (poolHead*)(char*)poolHeadPtr + sizeof(poolHeadPtr) + 32*(sizeof(blockHead)+16); /*next指向第二个内存池 */ blockHeadPtr-poolId =1; blockHeadPtr-frontBlock = 0; for(i=1;ipoolId = 1; /* pool号为1，表示他是16B容量的*/ blockHea

13、dPtr-frontBlock = poolHeadPtr-firstavailable; /* 当前首个可用块位置赋给frontBlock */ poolHeadPtr-firstavailable = blockHeadPtr; /* 求下一首个可用块位置*/ /*初始化pool 2 该内存池分配大小为256B的内存*/ poolHeadPtr = poolHeadPtr-next; poolHeadPtr-available = 16; /*初始化可用块数16*/ poolHeadPtr-blockSize = 256; /*块大小256*/ blockHeadPtr = (blockH

14、ead*)(char*)poolHeadPtr+sizeof(poolHead); poolHeadPtr-firstavailable = blockHeadPtr; poolHeadPtr-next = 0; blockHeadPtr-poolId =2; blockHeadPtr-frontBlock = 0; for(i=1;ipoolId = 2; /* pool号为2，表示他是256B容量的*/ blockHeadPtr-frontBlock = poolHeadPtr-firstavailable; poolHeadPtr-firstavailable = blockHeadPt

15、r; return (pool*)mem;/*memMalloc() 分配内存*/void* memMalloc(int Size) void* mem; poolHead* poolHeadPtr; blockHead* blockHeadPtr; semTake(semMalloc,WAIT_FOREVER); poolHeadPtr = initialPtr-pool; if(Size available != 0) /*长度小于16时，分配长度为16的内存空间*/ blockHeadPtr = poolHeadPtr-firstavailable; /*首个可用块位置赋给分配块的首位置

16、*/ poolHeadPtr-firstavailable = blockHeadPtr-frontBlock; /*改变下一第一可用块的位置*/ poolHeadPtr-available -; /*可用块数减一*/ semGive(semMalloc); return (void*)(char*)blockHeadPtr + sizeof(blockHead); /*分配内存时加入块头开销*/ else if(Size next)-available != 0) /*长度大于16小于256时，分配长度为256的内存空间*/ blockHeadPtr = (poolHeadPtr-next)

17、-firstavailable; (poolHeadPtr-next)-firstavailable = blockHeadPtr-frontBlock; (poolHeadPtr-next)-available -; semGive(semMalloc); return (void*)(char*)blockHeadPtr + sizeof(blockHead); else /*其他情况用系统的内存分配函数malloc分配*/ printf(nWarning : Too large for blocks or the blocks are exhausted n); mem = malloc

18、(Size); /*采用系统函数malloc（）分配内存*/ blockHeadPtr = (blockHead*)mem; blockHeadPtr-poolId = (initialPtr-poolNum +1); blockHeadPtr-frontBlock = mallocPtr; mallocPtr = blockHeadPtr; semGive(semMalloc); return (void*)(char*)blockHeadPtr + sizeof(blockHead); /*memFree() 释放内存空间*/void memFree(void* dataPtr) char

19、* mem= (char*) dataPtr; poolHead* poolHeadPtr; blockHead* blockHeadPtr; semTake(semFree,WAIT_FOREVER); poolHeadPtr = initialPtr-pool; /*恢复内存池首址*/ blockHeadPtr = (blockHead*)(char*)mem - sizeof(blockHead); /*恢复内存块首址*/ if(blockHeadPtr-poolId = 1) /*释放16B的内存块*/ blockHeadPtr-frontBlock = poolHeadPtr-fir

20、stavailable; /*恢复frontBlock位置*/ poolHeadPtr-firstavailable = blockHeadPtr; /*恢复第一可用块位置*/ poolHeadPtr-available+; /*恢复可用块数*/ else if(blockHeadPtr-poolId = 2)/*释放256B的内存块*/ blockHeadPtr-frontBlock = (poolHeadPtr-next)-firstavailable; (poolHeadPtr-next)-firstavailable = blockHeadPtr; (poolHeadPtr-next)

21、-available +; else /*释放由系统分配的内存块*/ blockHeadPtr = mallocPtr; mallocPtr = blockHeadPtr-frontBlock; free(char*)mem - sizeof(blockHead); semGive(semFree); return;/*memDel()删除内存块*/void memDel(void) void* mem; blockHead* blockHeadPtr; mem = (void*)(initialPtr); free(mem); while(mallocPtr-frontBlock != 0)

22、 mem = (void*)(mallocPtr); free(mem); mallocPtr=mallocPtr-frontBlock ; semDelete(semMalloc); /*删除信号量*/ semDelete(semFree);5. 无信号量（互斥）支持的临界资源访问方式有一个server任务，有10个client任务，10个client任务定时给server的消息队列发送消息，server任务接收到消息后，发送ACK消息到client的消息队列，如图：6. zero copy 消息队列存储的是指向消息的指针，从而实现了零拷贝。#define MAX_MSG_LEN sizeo

23、f(MESSAGE*)MESSAGE* rxMsg; /* 用于从消息队列中接收消息 */MESSAGE* txMsg; /* 用于向消息队列中发送消息 */msgQReceive(msgQIdServer,(char*)&rxMsg,MAX_MSG_LEN,WAIT_FOREVER)；msgQSend(msgQIdClientmSendId,(char*)&txMsg,MAX_MSG_LEN,WAIT_FOREVER,MSG_PRI_NORMAL)；三、运行结果 在shell中输入progStart，观察VxSim，输入progStop结束。 四、心得实验中遇到了各种各样的问题，特别是代码调试，对报错的分析，定位错误，但是通过不懈努力，完成了本次实验，让我对课堂上所讲的内容有了更深刻的认识，对嵌入式实时操作系统有了更深的理解。由于正值期末，考试任务繁重，时间紧迫，自身水平有限，难免会有疏漏，请老师指正。文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意!