虚拟语气用法总结超好原创.docx

1、虚拟语气用法总结超好原创虚 拟 语 气概念：谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这 种形式称为语气。语气分三种：1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有 肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。 He is late for class. What fun!He is not interested in classical music.2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等（动词常用原形） Dont be late！3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假 设、愿望、怀疑或推测。一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中虚拟条件从句(If) 主 句与现在事实相反的假设主语+

2、did/were 主语+should / would/could / might + do与过去事实相反的假设主语+ had done主语+ should / would/could / might +have done与将来事实相反的假设主语+1.did主语+should / would/could / might + do2.should do3.were to do1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议。If I were you, I would accept his advice.2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。If it rained/should rain/were to rain t

3、omorrow, Iwould stay at home.3.如果你以前好好学习， 你会通过考试的。If you had studied hard before, you would havepassed the exam.You didnt let me drive. If we _ inturn, you _ so tired.A.drove; didnt getB.drove; wouldnt getC.were driving; wouldnt gethad driven; wouldnt have got_ it rain tomorrow, we would haveto put

4、off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.A.Were ShouldC.Would D. Will注意：1.错综时间虚拟语气当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。had followedIf you _(follow)my advice justwould benow, you _(be)better now.had studiedIf you _(study)hard before, youwould be_(be)a college student now.If you _ with George earli

5、er, you_ so angry now.A.talked; would not be.had talked; would not beC.would talk; would not beD.had talked; would not have beenIf we had taken such effective measuresmuch earlier, the river _ so seriouslynow.A.is not polluted.would not be pollutedC.had not been pollutedD.would not have been pollute

6、d2. if从句中，were，had（完成时态标志），should可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），if必须省略。否定词not不能放在前面。1.Had I not seen him then(Hadnt I s en him then), Iwouldnt have been very happy.2.If I were you, I would accept his advice.Were I you,3.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, Iwould stay at home.Should it rained tomorrow/

7、Were it to rain tomorrow,4.If you had studied hard before, you would havepassed the exam.Had you studied hard before,3、含蓄虚拟语气 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有介词with，without，but for（倘没有，要不是）；连词or，but；副词otherwise等。1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part inthe sports

8、meeting.=If I hadnt been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.2.He telephoned to inform me of yourbirthday, or I would have known nothingabout it.3.I should have given you more help, but Iwas too busy.4.What would you do with a million dollars?5.Without / But for your help, we

9、 couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.=If it had not been for your help, Without electricity, human being life_ quite different today.A.isB.will beC.would have been.would beBut for his help, I _.should not have succeededB.have not succeededC.did not succeedD.had not succeededHe hesitated for

10、 a moment before kickingthe ball, otherwise he _ a goal.A.had scoredB.scoredC.would score.would have scored Why didnt you buy it? I _ but I didnt have the money.A. wouldwould haveC. had hadD. had bought二、虚拟语气的其他用法1.as if / as though（好像）+从句与现在相反 did/were与过去相反 had done与将来相反 would/could/might+ doHe loo

11、ks as if he were an artist.He talked about the accident as if he hadseen it.(区分even if/though)注意：若表示的确有某种可能(尤指天气），也可不用虚拟语气。Eg. Look! The clouds are gathering.It looks as if its going to rain .When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A. breaksB. has brokenwere brokenD. had been

12、 broken2.It is (high / about) time (that)sb did/ sb should（不可省略） + do该是某人做某事的时候了。It is high time that you got up/should getup.Im getting tired; its time we _ home.A. go B. are goingC. went D. should be going3.wish/if only(要是就好了）+从句与现在事实相反 did/were 与过去事实相反 had done（或用could have done）与将来事实相反 could/wou

13、ld/might + dowould /could /might visitI wish (that)he_(visit) us tomorrow.visitedI wish (that) he_(visit)us today.had visited us/ could have visited usI wish he_(visit) us yesterday.had listenedIf only you _ （listen)to our advice!wereIf only I _ (be)a bird!4.在would rather+宾语从句中与现在或将来事实相反 did/were与过去

14、事实相反 had done即：would rather sb did/ had donecameI would rather you _(come) here tomorrow.hadnt toldI would rather you _ (not tell)me the truth.5.用于表示建议（advise/ suggest/ propose/recommend） 命令(order/ command)要求(demand/require/ request/ desire)坚持要求(insist) 等词相连的从句中需用虚拟语气：sb （should）+ do1.I suggested th

15、at he (should) go there at once. (宾语从句)2.My advice is that we (should) tell him the news.3.I made a suggestion that he-(同位语从句)4.It is suggested that he-(主语从句)5.My suggestion was that he-(表语从句)区别：This is the suggestion that/ which he made at the meeting.(定语从句)The officer gave the order that nothing _

16、until the people arrived.A. didnt touchB. touchedbe touchedD. touch注意：suggest:表明，暗示 陈述语气建议 虚拟语气wasHer pale face suggested that she _（be)ill and that(should) be sentshe _(send) to hospital immediately.Insist：坚持说，坚持认为 陈述语气坚持主张，坚持要求 虚拟语气hadnt stolenHe insisted that he _(not steal) the money and(should)

17、 be setinsisted that he _(set) free.6.主语从句中的虚拟语气（主要是it作形式主语）It is necessary / important / natural / strange /funny/ surprising/ a pity / a shame/ nowonder/ suggested / advised/recommended /desired 等that sb (should) + doIt is strange that he (should) have treated hisparents like that.It is a pity that Lucy (should) be so careless.It is suggested that the meeting (should) beput off till next week.注意：以上句式也可用于陈述语气It is strange that he didnt come yesterday.It is a pity that she cant sing.It is strange that the lazy boy _ passthe exam.A. has . shouldC. would D. might