上海七年级英语寒假讲义第2讲 代词 原卷版.docx

1、上海七年级英语寒假讲义第2讲 代词 原卷版第2讲 代词高频考点1【人称、物主、反身代词大PK】1、人称代词表示我、你、他/她/它、我们、你们、他们/她们/它们的词叫人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称he/she/ithim/her/ittheythemImportant Usage 人称代词主格在句中作主语，宾格作动词或介词的宾语He sits in front of me. I often help him.他坐在我前面。我经常帮助她。在英语中出现多个人称代词时，单数按照你、他、我的顺序排列，即you

2、，he/she（him/her）and I/me;复数按照“我们”“你们”“他们”的顺序排列，即we/us, you and they/them.You，he and I will work together.你、我和他将在一起工作。2、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词，物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，物主代词有人称和数的变化。数人称类别 单数复数我的你的他/她/它的我们的你们的他们的/她们的/它们的形容词性物主代词myyourhis，her，itsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshis，hers，itsoursyourstheirsImportant

3、 Usage形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只作定语，其后必须跟名词。My son usually does his homework after dinner every day.我儿子通常每天晚饭后做作业。名词性物主代词相当于名词，可以作主语、宾语、表语等，其后不可跟名词。These are their new books. Ours are over there.这些是他们的新书。我们的（新书）在那边。I left my dictionary at home. May I use yours？我的词典忘在家里了。我可以用一下你的吗？名词前有了形容词性物主代词时，不能再加冠词、指示代词等限定

4、词。（）my mobile phone （） my a mobile phone （）a my mobile phone（）her book （） this her book （）her this book名词+of+名词性物主代词，表示双重所有关系。I met a friend of mine at the airport yesterday.昨天我在机场遇见了我的一个朋友。形容词性物主代词+own或名词+of +ones own，表示强调“属于自己的”。I wont believe it until I see it with my own eyes.直到我自己亲眼看到我才会相信它。We

5、have a car of our own.我们有自己的小汽车。3、反身代词表示“我（们）自己” “你（们）自己” “他、她、它（们）自己”。反身代词由人称代词或物主代词+self或+selves构成。其中单数+self，复数+selves。数人称 单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself, herself, itselfthemselvesImportant Usage反身代词与它指代的名词或代词是互指关系，在人称、数、性别上保持一致。Youd better take good care of yourself. 你最好

6、照顾好你自己。反身代词常跟在for、of、by等介词后，构成固定短语。I worked out the problem by myself. 我独自解出了这道题。The wolf decided to see what happened for himself. 狼决定亲自去看看发生了什么事。The computer can shut off of itself. 这台计算机会自动关机。含反身代词的常用短语say to oneself 心里想 help oneself to 随便吃 teach oneself 自学enjoy oneself 玩得高兴 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 b

7、y oneself 独自地Help yourselves to some cakes, boys. 孩子们，随便吃些蛋糕。高频考点2【不定代词大杂烩】1、other、the other、another、others、the others、the rest的用法及区别another泛指三者以上的“另一个”，the other表示“两者当中的另一个”others指“别的一些人或物”other表示“其他的”the others表示“其余所有的人或物”指代单数时，若是泛指，用another；若是特指，则用the other。指代复数时，若是泛指，用other饰名词的复数形式；若是特指，用the One

8、the other.“一个另一个” 范围是只有两个。 other修饰名词的复数形式others不能作定语，表示复数意义，相当于“other+复数名词”；the others相当于“the other+复数名词”。some(the) others.“一些另一些”，加the表示特指，不加the表示泛指。another一般表示单数，其后接可数名词的单数形式。the rest表示“剩余部分；其余”，指代可数名词或不可数名词。2、either both neither; any all none; 比较两者三者及以上肯定（修饰单数）eitherany肯定（修饰复数）bothall否定（修饰复数）neit

9、hernone做题技巧1. 找范围（两者 or 三者）；2. 找所修饰名词的单复数；3. 找谓语动词的单复数；4. 注意隐藏的范围信息；5. 句意理解也重要；6. either/neither做连词时，就近原则。3、little和a little；few和a few可数不可数肯定a fewa little肯定fewlittle说明：在与only, still, just, quite连用时用肯定形式，即a few, a little. 例：- How much time do we have? - Only _. A. a few B. little C. a little D. a lotK

10、EY: C4、some&any 肯定句 (1) 用于 希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句 1. adj. (2) 可数名词(复数) & 不可数名词some (3) 可数名词(单数) 表“未确指的人、事物或地点” 2. pron. Some. others; Some. the others; 否定句 (1) 用于 疑问句 1. adj. 肯定句 （修饰可数名词单数，表“任何一个”） any (2) 可数名词 & 不可数名词 2. pron. any & either 相关例句与用法:Would you like some tea?Mom, could you give me some money?Y

11、ou may take any of them. You can get the book at any of the bookstores. some和any构成的复合不定代词适用句型同some和any. 5、none & nobody & no one & nothing none: 3；人和物；与of短语连用；回答How many/much提问的疑问句；no one = nobody: 人；不与of短语连用；回答who提问的疑问句；nothing: 物；不与of短语连用；回答what提问的疑问句。6、one，ones的区别及用法二者都用于指代前面所提到的名词，以避免重复。one表示“泛指

12、”，指代单数可数名词；ones表示“泛指”，指代复数可数名词。 高频考点3【疑问代词】疑问代词有who,whom,whose,which,what. 做主语是，谓语动词根据他们的代表的数确定。如果不清楚数量，多用单数。Who is he playing with on the playground? 他和谁在操场上玩？What is in the box? 盒子里有什么？who, whom的意思都是“谁”，whom只能跟在动词或介词后作宾语；who课做主语，宾语和表语，可代替whom作宾语(但如果紧跟在介词后则必须用whom). Who helped him with his homework

13、 yesterday? 昨天谁帮他做的作业？ Whom/ Who was the car invented by? =By whom was the car invented? 汽车是谁发明的？whose 的意思都是“谁的”，可单独使用，也可放在名词前作定语。 Whose handwriting is the best in your class? 你们班级里谁的字写得最好？ Whose are these books on the desk? 桌子上的这些书是谁的？which的意思都是“哪一个，哪些”，可致人或物。 what的意思都是“什么”。在指定范围的选择时常用which, 而what通

14、常用来泛指“哪一类” Which language do you like best, English, Chinese or Japanese? 哪种语言你最喜欢，英语，汉语还是日语？ What language do you like best? 你最喜欢什么语言？高频考点4【指示代词】1 指示代词this (这，这个)，these (这些) 常常指时间或空间上较近的人或物； that (那，那个)，those (那些) 常常指时间或空间上较远的人或物；This is my computer. That is yours. 这是我的电脑。 那是你的。These gifts are for

15、us and those ones are for them. 这些礼物是给我们的，那些是给他们的。2 this/that 用来指上文已提到或已知的人或事物。 译为 “这，这个/那，那个”。The boy was afraid and the dog had sensed this. 男孩害怕了，狗已觉察到这一点。He hurt himself on the way home, and that was why he didnt come.在回家的路上他弄伤了自己，这就是他没来的原因。3 that可用来代替上文提到过的有定语修饰的不可数名词。The population of China is

16、 larger than that of America. 中国的人口比美国的人口多。The weather in Shanghai is hotter than that in Dalian in summer.在夏天，上海的天气比大连热。4 those用来代替上文提到过的有定语修饰的复数可数名词。The students in their class are more active than those in our class. 他们班的学生比我们班的学生活跃。5 打电话时，用this代指 “我”，用that代指“你”。This is Linda speaking. Whos that?

17、 我是琳达。 你是谁？A: Is that Mary speaking? 你是玛丽吗？B: Yes, this is Mary. 是的，我是玛丽。习题1. I cant find _ in the small wooden box. Its empty. A) something B) anything C) nothing D) some things2. The students in our school went to the Forest Park yesterday and enjoyed there. A) they B) them C) their D) themselves3

18、. Mr. Wang has three sons and of them is a doctor. A) all B) both C) none D) neither4. Computers are super calculators and people often call_ electronic brains. A) they B) them C) their D) theirs5. Some people enjoy reading detective stories, but _ prefer reading comic books. A) another B) the other

19、 C) others D) the others6. Jacky is not old enough to take care of _. He is only four years old. A) he B) his C) him D) himself7. We all believe that Jane is old enough to make a decision by _.A) she B) her C) herself D) hers8. Next week we will ask _ engineers for their opinions on the new design.A

20、) other B) the other C) another D) others9. Tim and Tom were twins, and _ of them volunteered their services in Africa.A) all B) either C) both D) neither10. Although this physics problem is a little difficult, try to work it out by _, children.A) your B) you C) yourself D) yourselves 11. A: What ki

21、nd of house would you like?B: Id like _ with a garden in front of _. A) it, one B) one, one C) one, it D) it, it12. I enjoy the popular dance “hip-hop”, but _ my father _ my mother likes it.A) both, and B) neither, nor C) either, or D) not only, but also13. - Where are the foreigners at the moment?

22、- Mr. Brown is showing around our company now. A) them B) they C) themselves D) theirs14. - Which do you like better, a story book or a magazine? - is OK. I prefer a comic strip because it is my favourite. A) Both B) None C) Neither D) Either15. my father my mother watched TV yesterday evening becau

23、se they were busy with their work. A) Bothand B) Eitheror C) Neithernor D) Not onlybut also16. Lilis wish is to become a doctor when she grows up. What is _, Sam?A) you B) yours C) your D) yourself17. Im afraid this pair of glasses is too expensive. Would you show me _ pair?A) another B) other C) ot

24、hers D) the other18. This boy is so smart that his teacher believes he may be _Edison.A) other B) the other C) another D) others19. I like this article very much_ because I like the Gangnam (江南) Style _ I enjoyed the video of the Eton Style. A) neither.nor B) either.or C) both.and D) not only.but al

25、so20. The Greeks have taken everything with_except for a wooden horse. A) theirs B) their C) themselves D) them21. Youve got so many books. Could you please lend me_to read? A) anything B) any C) something D) some22._Jack_Mike can go to the meeting because one of them must stay in the classroom. A)

26、Not only. but also B) Neither. nor C) Both. and D) Either. or23. I asked my friends to help _ to the fruit and snacks. A) they B) them C) their D) themselves24. We need to go shopping. There is _ juice left in the fridge. A) little B) few C) many D) much25. I could hear calling to me, but I didnt kn

27、ow who he was. A) everyone B) someone C) anyone D) nobody26. That little boy is good at maths, but sometimes he still has _ mistakes. A) a few B) a little C) little D) few27. My friend had a car accident last week. She has to stay in hospital for _ week. A) other B) another C) the other D) others28.

28、 Tim invited Mary and Jane to his birthday party, but _ of them came. A) neither B) none C) all D) both29. After the discussion, most people at the meeting chose Janes plan instead of _. A) I B) my C) me D) mine30. Jennifer has two children and _ of them were born in winter. A) all B) either C) both

29、 D) neither31. _ came to see John this morning and left a note on his desk. A) Somebody B) Anybody C) Everybody D) Nobody32. _ at the memorial service stood silent for one minute to remember those who died in the earthquake. A) Everyone B) Someone C) Anyone D) No one33. My friend took her own life. Nobody can understand why she killed _. A) she B) her C) hers D) herself 34. Water is so important that _ everyday tasks can be completed without it. A) few B) a few C) little D) a little