初中英语重点动词用法AZ.docx

1、初中英语重点动词用法AZ初中英语动词用法Aact v. 表演，演戏act as sb./ sth. 充任某角色，担任某工作I dont understand English, so you have to act as my interpreter(翻译)。其他用法：act for 代表某人，代理某人的职位During her illness, her lawyer has been acting for her in her business. 在她生病期间，她的律师一直代理她的业务。词语拓展：actionn. 行为，行动；take action 采取行动actorn.演员 actressn

2、. 女演员 activeadj. 活跃的，积极的，主动的，起作用的；activelyadv. 活跃地，积极地；activety n. 活动性, 活力；活动（activities 复数）accept v.接受；赞同；欢迎；听从近义词辨析：accept 和receiveaccept 是“接受、认可“的意思，是收到并接受；receive 有”收到“的意思，但不一定接受。e.g. I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didnt accept any.生日那天我收到许多礼物，但是我并没有收下任何礼物。achieve vt. 获得 achieve

3、 a balance betweenand 在和之间获得平衡add v. (1)加，增加，添加add sth. to sth. 往.里添加. eg. If the tea is too strong, add some water to it.eg. He added his signature to the petition(请愿书)。add A and B (together) 加eg. If you add 5 and 5, you get 10.add to sth. 增加某事物 eg. The bad weather only add to our difficulties.这种坏天

4、气更增加了我们的困难。 (2) 补充；继续说eg. “Ill come here later. he added.add in 包括.在内 eg. Dont forget add me in. 别忘了把我算上。add up 合计，加起来add up to 总计达到add fuel to the fire 火上浇油 词语拓展：addition n. 加法；增加的人或事物in addition 加上, 又, 另外，单独使用放在句首，逗号隔开 eg: In addition，there are six students. 除此之外，还有六名学生。in addition to 除.外还eg: In a

5、ddition to high salaries, you will enjoy a paid holiday every year.besides 表示“除 以外，（还，也）”，相当于 in addition to. eg.Besides English, they also study math, physics and chemistryexcept 表示“除外，（其余都）”，常与all，every，no, none, nothing 等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。 eg.He answered all the questions except the last one. 除了最后一

6、个问题外，所有的问题他都回答了。 except for 也表示“除 以外”，但是和 except 不同的是: 与 except 连用的整体词和 except 所跟的词常常是同类的，是指整体除去一部份; 而与 except for 连用的整体词与 except for 所跟的词往往不是同类的，是指整体中除去 一个细节。例如: Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了几处拼写错误以外， 你的作文写得很好。 Except for an old lady, the bus was empty. 除了有一个老太太以外，

7、 这辆公共汽车是空的。apart from 表示“除 之外”。根据上、下文的不同，它既可用作 besides, 也可用作 except 和 except for。 Apart from them, I had no one to talk to. （= except） 除了他们以外， 我没有人说话。 Apart from other considerations, time is also a factor. (=besides） 除了别的考虑之外，时间也是一个因素。 (It is) Good work apart from a few slight faults. (= except for

8、） 除了几个小毛病以外，这是一篇佳作。aitional adj. 附加的，额外的，添加的advice n. 建义，劝告；信息 a piece of advice一条建议ask for advice 寻求建议give sb some advice=give some advice to sb给某人提建议take/follow ones advice接受、遵照某人的建议advise v.给出主意；建议；通知 advice sb to do sth 建议某人做某事suggestion n. (C) 建议 offer sb. some suggestionsCan you offer me some

9、suggestions?affect v. 影响；感动 eg Cold weather affected the crops.词语拓展：effect n. 影响，作用；效果come/go into effect 实施，生效in effect 实际上take effect 生效，起作用have a good/badeffect on sb. 对某人有好的/坏的影响effective adj 有效的，生效的affection n 喜爱，爱慕之情afford v. 负担得起（.的费用，损失，后果），买得起；抽得出时间（常与can, could, be able to 连用）afford sth.eg

10、. Id love to go on holiday but I cant afford the time.eg. They walked because the cant afford a taxi.afford to do sth.eg. They walked because they cant afford to take a taxi.eg. I have to work hard because I cant afford to loose my job.afford sb sth提供，给与The tnsaction afforded him a good profit.这笔交易使

11、他赚了一大笔afford st 抽出多少时间I cant afford an hour for lunch. 我抽不出一小时吃午饭。afraid adj. 担心，害怕，恐怕.be afraid of 害怕 e.g. Dont be afraid of asking for help from others.不要害怕向别人求助。be afraid for 担心 e.g. Im afraid for my sister. 我担心我的妹妹。be afraid /be afraid of sth./doing害怕（做）某事 eg Im afraid of snakes.我害怕蛇。Im afraid o

12、f going out alone at night.be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 eg Dont be afraid to ask questions.不要害怕问问题。Im afraid so. /Im afraid not. 我恐怕是这样/不是这样Im afraid that 我恐怕。. eg I have a lot of homework to do. Im afraid (that) I cant go with you.agree v. 同意，赞同agree with sb. 同意某人的意见eg. I agree with you.agree on + 表示

13、具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词eg. We agreed on the plan.agree to do sth. 同意做某事eg. We agreed to start early.agree that + 宾语从句eg. She agreed that I was right.其他用法：agree with sb. (尤用于否定或疑问句) （对某人的健康或胃口）适合eg. like mushrooms but unfortunately they dont agree with me. 我喜欢吃蘑菇，可惜吃了以后难受。eg.The humid climate in the south di

14、dnt agree with him. 他不适应南方潮湿的气候。词语拓展：agreement n. 协定，协议 agreeable adj. 欣然同意的 disagree v. 不同意，有分歧answer n. & v.回答;解决方案;反应 the answer to answer a question 回答问题solve the problem 解决问题replyn./v. 答复，回答 reply to a question/letterMy penfriend in the USA hasnt replied to my last three e-mails.aim v. 瞄准，对准aim

15、 at 瞄准，针对（直接的目的） eg.I aimed at the door but hit the window.eg. My remarks were not aim at you. 我的话不是针对你。aim at the target 瞄准目标/ 靶子 ； aim at a success 志在成功be aimed at 目的是，旨在,为了；较为委婉eg.Our marketing campaign should be aimed at young working couples。我们的行销活动应该针对年轻的上班夫妇.aimed for 瞄准；以为目标(长久以来的目标)eg.Your

16、whole parenting has aimed for this moment.你这个教育目标就是这一刻allow v. 允许，准许allow doing sth. 允许某人做某事 eg. We dont allow smoking in our house. 在我们家不允许抽烟。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事eg. They allow her to go to the party. 他们允许她去参加晚会。allow sb not to do sth不允许某人做某事注意被动：sb. be allowed to do sth.allow sb. in/ out/ u

17、p 允许某人进来/ 出去/ 起来allow for 考虑到，把考虑进来，体谅 eg.We must allow for his youth. 我们必须体谅他的年轻. (sth ) allow of 容许eg. The situation allows of no dely. 情况不容拖延。词语拓展：allowance n. 津贴, 补助, 零用钱permit v. 允许，较为强硬 n. 许可证permit sb.to do sth. permit doing sth. permission n. 允许annoy v. 使恼怒，使生气annoy sb. 使某人生气，使某人心烦eg. I was

18、annoyed by his remarks. 他的言论激怒了我。appear v. 出现；露面；（公开）演出appear to do 好象是It appears that + 从句 eg. It appears to me that you are all wrong. 我觉得你们全都错了。appearance n.出现，相貌 She made her final appearance on the screen. 她最后一次出现在银幕上。disappear v 消失appreciate v. 感激appreciate sth.appreciate doing sth.argue v. 争论

19、，争吵argue with sb. about/ over/ on sth. 与某人争论某事eg. We argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.其他用法：argue sb. into/ out of doing sth. 说服某人做/ 不做某事eg. They argue his into giving up his plan.arrive v. 到达arrive in + 大地方eg. We arrived in Paris.arrive at + 小地方eg. We arrived at the station/ my nat

20、ion town.其他用法：arrive at sth. 达成或得出某事物arrived at an agreement(达成协议)/ a conclusion(得出结论) eg What dicision did you arrived at? 你们做出了什么决定？arrive at/in到达某地get to 某地reach a place /数字 到达某地/数量arrivaln. 到达 time of arrival 到达的时间ask v. 询问，问ask sth. eg. May I ask questions? ask sb. sth.eg. He asked me the way t

21、o the supermarket.He asked me their names.He asked me where he should go.ask sb. about sth.eg. He asked me about my health.ask sb.to do sth.eg. He ask me to stop smoking.He ask me not to swim here.ask for sth. (to do sth.) 请求eg. She asked for more time (to think it over). 她请求多一点时间（仔细考虑）。ask for sb.

22、找（某人） Did anyone ask for me last week? ask sb for help=turn to sb 向某人求助ask sb for some advice 向某人征求意见ask sb for sth 向某人索要其他用法：ask the way 问路； ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃attempt v. 企图，试图试图做某事attempt to do sth.attempt doing sth.attention n. 注意，专心pay attention to 注意You should pay attention to your spoken

23、 English.你应该注意你的口语。asleepadj. 睡着的 fall asleep 入睡He was too tired, so he fell fast asleep.他太累了，很快就入睡了。sleepvi./n. 睡觉go to sleepAfter breakfast,I want to go to sleep.吃完早饭后，我想去睡觉get enough sleepI dont get enough sleep.I feel sleepy in class.我没有足够的睡眠，我课堂上感到想睡觉。sleepy adj. 欲睡的，困倦的feel sleepy 感到困倦Bbeat v.

24、 打败，战胜 (beat, beaten)beat sb. (at sth.) 在某方面打败/ 胜过某人 He beats me at chess. 他在下棋方面胜我一筹。beat sb. 打某人beat/defeat一组同义词，它们的宾语必须是人或一个集体，如a team, a class, an school, an army。defeat尤指在战场上打败敌人；beat是游戏、比赛的专门用词。二者常可换。 eg.We beat their team by 10 points. 我们赢了他们队十分。 In the end their army was defeat/beaten. 最后他们的

25、部队被击（打）败。 win/gain一组同义词。gain表示获得需要之物，它常跟的宾语有ones living, experience, strength, time, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration 等；win表示在较强的竞争中取得胜利，它常跟的宾语有game, war, prize, fame, battle等。 eg.We shall gain experience through practice.我们将通过实践获得经验。 They won the battle but lost many men. 他们取得了这次战斗的胜利，但牺牲了

26、很多人。hit指“打中”或“对准来打”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点。tap一般是轰轰拍打的意思。eg:The stone hit him on the head.石头击中了他的头部become v. 成为，变成become + 名词 He became a doctor at last.become interesting in 变得对.感兴趣其他用法：What becomes/ will become of sb./ sth.? 某人某事的情况如何 eg. What will become if I die? 假如我死了我的孩子会怎么样呢？beginv. 开始begin to do sth.

27、 = begin doing sth. 开始做某事begin/startwith 由.开始eg. We will begin with you. 从你开始。eg. The concert(音乐会) began with a piano solo(钢琴独奏). beginning n. 开始 at the beginning of 在。的开始start v 开始 ；n. 开始start to do sth =start doing sth 开始做某事at the start of 在。的开始start off 动身，开始活动to start/begin with 第一，首先end n. 最后，末

28、尾at the end （of）在(的)末端 eg At the end of the street youll find the hospital. in the end =finally =at last最后，终于 eg In the end she married a singerby the end of 到。结束时，末尾时（用于完成时）eg We had studied English for three years by the end of last termend with 以结束behave v. 举止，表现 behave well/ badly 表现好/ 不好，举止良好/

29、不好believe v. 相信，认为believe sb. 相信某人说的话eg. I believe him. 我相信他的话。believe in sb. 相信/ 信任某人 eg. I believe in him. 我相信他。believe sb. + adj. eg. I believe him honest. 我相信他是诚实的。believe + 从句 eg. I believe that he can do the job well.belongv. 属于 belong toby prepby + 交通工具 乘交通工具1）take a/the 交通工具 to sp. 乘交通工具去某地 =go to sp. by 交通工具2）on a bike =by bike 骑自行车 on foot 步行3）on / in + 限定词+交通工具4）v. +to +sp. e.g. fly to sp