1、7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident 9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive 动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5.
2、培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为： think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve
3、= lighten1.Improve 提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变：Transform3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address（这是个9星级用法）4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve 8.
4、need 需要Require、necessitate、call for 名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructo
5、rs = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任： responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力： ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业： job = ca
6、reer = employment = profession14. 娱乐： enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子： children = offspring = descendant= kid1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.P
7、ollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human race Humanity Humankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary society In present-day society In this day and age 短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = str
8、ive for = spare no efforts for 3. 从事： embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of插入语1.indeed的确， 2.surely无疑， 3.however然而， 4.obviously显然， 5.frankly坦率地说， 6
9、.naturally自然， 7.luckily （或happily）for sb.算某人幸运， 8.fortunately/luckily幸好， 9.honestly真的， 10.briefly简单地说, 11.strange to say说也奇怪， 12.needless to say不用说， 13.most impor tant of all最为重要是， 13.worse still更糟糕的是， 14.in a few words（或in sum，in short）简而言之， 15.in other words换句话说， 16.in a sense在某种意义上， 17.in general
10、一般说来， 18.in my view在我看来， 19.in conclusion总之， 20.in summary概括地说， 21.in fact事实上， 22.in the first place首先， 23.in addition此外， 24.of course当然， 25.to my knowledge据我所知， 26.for instance（或example）例如， 27.as a matter of fact事实上,28.strictly speaking严格地说， 29.generally speaking一般地说， 30.judging from根据判断, 31.to be
11、sure无疑， 32.to sum up概括地说， 33.to tell the truth老实说, 34.I am sure我可以肯定地说，35.I believe我相信， 36.I wonder我不知道， 37.that is也就是说， 38.it seems看来是， 39.as I see it照我看来， 40.what is important （serious）重要（严重）的是1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair
12、, undermine, jeopardize3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养：Develop, cultivate, foster5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important,
13、significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrim
14、ental13 要求 ：Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除 ：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致： Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, b
15、ecause of this, as a result of this17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to 19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be s
16、table，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingl
17、y，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：Happen, occur, take place24 原因：Reason, factor, cause25 发展：Development, advance, progress26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewa
18、rding， advantageous27 影响：Influence, impact, effect28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison
19、with，by comparison to31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a f
20、luctuation35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.1.individuals,characters, folk
21、s替换people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy （美好的），promising （有希望的），perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill （有害的）替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying roma
22、nce with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.（an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most）替换many. 注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 Eg. Many
23、 individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that.同理 用most, if not all ,替换most.5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that）替think （因为是书面语，所以要加that）7:affair ,business ,matter
24、替换thing8: shared 代 common9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits ）10:for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion1、月球是地球的卫星，月球围绕着地球运动，运动的方向是逆时针方向。11:Increasing（ly）,growing 替换more and more（ 注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. Eg.sth has gained growing populari
25、ty. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.1、月相的变化有什么规律？（P49）12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly 13.beneficial, rewarding替换helpful11、在淡水资源短缺的情况下，水污染更给人类和其他生物造成了威胁。绝大多数的水污染都是由人类的活动引起的。14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换
26、very4、“我迈出了一小步，但人类迈出了一大步。”这句话是阿姆斯特朗说的。16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable . 替换 unnecessary, avoidable17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in1、说说你身边物质变化的例子。18.capture ones attention替换attract ones attention.19.facet,demension,sphe
27、re代aspect20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause2、人们通常处理垃圾的方法有填埋或焚烧。22. There are several reasons behind sth 替换.reasons for sth23.desire 替换want答：利用微生物的作用，我们可以生产酒、醋、酸奶、馒头和面包等食品。土壤中的微生物可以分解动植物的尸体，使它们变成植物需要的营养素。在工
28、业生产和医药卫生中也都离不开微生物。24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to25.bear in mind that 替换remember26. enjoy, possess 替换have（注意process是过程的意思）27. interaction替换communication28.frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth29.to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance30. next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible16、大量的研究事实说明生命体都是由细胞组成的，生物是由细胞构成的。我们的皮肤表面，每平方厘米含有的细胞数量超过10万个。5、在咀嚼米饭过程中，米饭出现了甜味，说明了什么？2、你知道日食的形成过程吗？六级的最爱：deprive of 剥夺；budget 预算；compensation 弥补，补偿eternal永恒的；intuition 直觉；penalty 惩罚，点球；potential 潜在的；in terms of在方面；sheer完全的；trivial 琐碎的；六级的旧爱：regardles
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