届高三英语精品资源江苏高三第一轮复习资料模块三 语法专练主谓一致.docx

1、届高三英语精品资源江苏高三第一轮复习资料模块三 语法专练主谓一致模块三 语法专练：主谓一致【考点透视】 在近年高考英语试题中，单项填空部分直接涉及到主谓一致的内容不是十分频繁，但是这并不是说主谓一致不重要，一方面在试题的其他方面有一定程度的体现，另一方面说明在今后的单选命题中考查主谓一致的几率更高。有关主谓一致的考点主要分布在：语法结构对主谓一致的影响；充当主语的词汇意义对主谓一致的影响；复合句中的主谓一致等。 主谓一致指的是谓语动词与主语在人称和数方面的一致。主谓一致有三项原则，即：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则是在特殊情况下对语法一致的补充。这里就一些情况作如下说明：（一）当名词词组中心

2、词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，谓语常用单数。如：Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.（二）不定代词each，every，no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数。如：Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in future.（三）不定式、动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。（四）从句作主语时：1what引导的主语从句，谓语动词视情况而定。 What we need is more time. / What we need are more tea

3、chers.2在“one of + 复数名词 + who / that”引导的从句中的动词用复数，但当one之前有the only等修饰语时，从句中的动词则用单数。如： This is one of the girls who were late for the meeting. This is the only one of the girls who was late for the meeting.（五）以and连接的两个名词作主语时谓语动词通常用复数。如：Walking and riding are good exercises.但在以下几种情况中用单数： 1当被修饰的两个单数名词在意

4、义上指的是同一个人、物或概念时。如： The girls teacher and friend is a young doctor. 2当被连接的两个单数名词表示的是一副用具时。 A knife and fork is on the table.（六）有些以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单复数：1表示学科名称的名词单数； 2国家或团体名称单数； 3the Olympic Games复数； 4当复数同形的名词，如：means，works等。 Every means has been tried. / All means have been tried.（七）集体名词作主语时，

5、视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数： 1police，people等名词复数； 2clothing，equipment，furniture等名词单数； 3family，class，public，population等名词表示个体时单数；表示单位成员时复数；（八）all，most，half，the rest等不定代词作主语时，视其所代的名词或意思来决定谓语动词的单复数。（九）a lot of/ lots of，a large quantity of等量词 + 名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由这些量词后的名词决定。如：A large quantity of people are needed here

6、. 但large quantities of修饰可数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如： Large quantities of food / books are on the table.（十）a kind ofkinds of作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由kind决定，type也是这样。如： This kind of men is dangerous. / Men of this are dangerous.（十一）分数或百分数 + 名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由分数或百分数后的名词决定。（十二）more than one .，many a .作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： Many

7、 a student has read the book.（十三）or，either . or .，neither . nor .，not only . but (also) .等连接并列主语时，谓语动词与就近的主语一致。（十四）主语后面跟有like，as well as / with/ along with/ together with，except/ but / rather than， including/ besides/ in addition to等词组时，谓语根据主语而定。如： The teacher together with his students was excited.

8、【题例精析】【例1】 Mike, what did our monitor say just now? Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who _ to visit the museum _ asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning. （2018南京一中卷）A. is; isB. are; areC. is; areD. are; is【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是要理解题干结构，把握以every, no, each 等限定的并由and连接的两个并列名词用作主语时的

9、主谓一致以及定语从句中的主谓一致。【要点精析】该题为一个带有定语从句的复合句，句中作定语的关系代词who指代先行词teachers，为复数，故谓语动词该用are；as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词要根据前一个主语决定；由 every, no, each 等限定的并由and连接的两个并列名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。【答案】D【例2】 What the remote areas need _ education to children and what the children need _ good textbooks at the moment. （2018山东枣庄3月交流卷

10、）A. is; areB. are; isC. was; wereD. were; was【易错点悟】解答该题关键是要注意由特殊疑问词what引导的主语从句作主语时的主谓一致关系。【要点精析】一般情况下，what引导主语从句，常表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式，但当它所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词要用复数形式。该题强调现在，用一般现在时态。【答案】A【专项检测】1. Whom _ this pair of glasses belong to and whose _ the glasses on the table? A. does; is B. do; are C. does; are

11、D. do; is2. There _ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.A. are B. is C. has D. have3. The United States of America _ one of the most developed countries in the world.A. is B. are C. was D. were4. “All _ present and all _ going on well,” our monitor said.A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D.

12、 is; are5. I have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which _ very difficult.A. is B. are C. was D. were6. The trouble with such resources as coal, oil and gas _ that they are not renewable.A. has been B. are C. have been D. is7. More than one example _ necessary to make the students unde

13、rstand this rule clearly.A. should be B. is C. are D. have been8. Although many of the houses in the small town _ still in need of repair, there _ lots of improvement in their appearance.A. are; has been B. is; have beenC. is; are D. are; was9. Going to bed early and getting up early _ a good habit.

14、 A. is B. are C. were D. was10. The police _ asked that anyone who saw the accident should get in touch with _.A. have; them B. has; himC. have; him D. has; them11. My friend and classmate Paul _ horse-riding in his spare time.A. practice B. practicesC. is practiced. D. is practicing12. People like

15、beautiful things, but the beautiful_ not always the useful.A. is B. are C. was D. were13. Are you very anxious? Yes. Ten minutes _ like an hour when you are waiting for a phone call.A. seem B. seems C. do D. does14. On the wall _ two large pictures of his parents.A. hangs B. hanged C. hanging D. han

16、g15. Thats the one of the subjects that _ to start a conversation.A. intends B. intendC. are intended D. is intended16. I, who _ your teacher, will try my best to help you with your study.A. be B. am C. are D. is17. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _ good painters. A. ar

17、e; are B. am; are C. is; is D. are; is18. Setting fire to the public buildings _ highly dangerous and forbidden by law.A. areB. is C. has D. were19. _ visitors to the UK were asked by newspaper reporters what their impressions of the British people were.A. The number ofB. A number ofC. Numbers ofD.

18、Any numbers of20. The first two questions were easy, but the rest of them _ not.A. wasB. wereC. beingD. to be21. “The public _ the best judge.” means “the public always _ their thoughts correctly.”A. are; expressB. are; expressesC. is; expressD. is; express22. This kind of cakes _ good while cakes o

19、f that kind _ different.A. taste; areB. tastes; areC. smells; isD. look; are23. Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment _.A. are not known B. is not knownC. has not known D. have not known24. The manager or his secretary _ to give you an interview. A. is B. are C. was D. were25. Tha

20、t they have cheated the boys _ now clear to us all. A. is B. are C. was D. were26. The old _ taken good cave of in our country. A. is B. has C. are D. have27. It seems to me that what Lucy saw and heard _ very interesting. A. was B. were C. is D. are28. Every means _ tried, but in vain. A. have been

21、 B. has been C. are D. is29. Many a boy and many a student _ looking forward to visiting the United States of America at present.A. are B. were C. is D. was30. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play31. Though smal

22、l, the ant is as much a creature as _ all other animals on earth.A. are B. isC. doD. have32. Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that _ not fully understood.A. areB. wereC. isD. was33. Everybody in our country, men and women, old and young, _ sport

23、s and games.A. are fond of B. enjoysC. go in for D. take part in34. There are _ flowers shown in the park and _ people go to have a look.A. varieties of; various B. a plenty of; manyC. various; many a D. quite a few; quite a little35. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories _ to be bu

24、ilt here.A. is B. are C. was D. were36. The engineer and worker referred to _ to design something.A. be going B. are going C. be likely D. is going37. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land. A. number; has B. quantity; hasC. number; have D. quantity; have38. Th

25、e education system rather than the teachers _ to answer for the overburden on the students. I agree. I hope the reform being carried out in our country will hang about the _ results.A. me; desired B. is; desiredC. are; desiring D. is; desiring39. His Selected Poems _ first published in 1986.A. were

26、B. was C. has been D. is40. Writing stories and articles _ what she enjoys most.A. is B. have been C. was D. were41. Each of the students in our class _ great interest in English and they each _ a copy of A New English-Chinese Dictionary.A. shows; have B. have; hasC. is; have D. takes; has42. The fa

27、ctory, including its machines and buildings, _ burnt last night.A. is B. are C. were D. was43. The White family _ very large. All the family _ animal lovers.A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are44. Large quantities of fruit _ all over the world from China today.A. is shipped B. are shippedC. has Shipped D. have shipped45. In our country each boy and each girl _ the right to receive a good education.A. is B. are C. has D. have 【答案解析】