1、u5知识UNIT 5 It must belong to Carla.一、学习目标 学会使用might,could,must等情态动词进行合理的推测。学会根据一定的背景或前提对某事进行判断和预测。二、知识概览图类别课程标准要求掌握的内容必备单词名词:author,picnic,symphony,appointment,owner,helicopter,creature,neighbor,footstep, garbage,mystery, director, monkey, smell, finger, stone, ant, ocean 动词:drop, chase, catch, inte
2、rview, escape, bark, pretend 形容词:crucial, anxious, worried, unhappy, dishonest 副词:possibly, extremely常考短语belong to, air band,make upuse up,turn off,because of,try to do sth,too muchmuch too经典句型1It must belong to Carla2Its crucial that I study for it because it makes up 30% of thefinal exam3He might
3、be running to catch a bus4There must be something visiting thehomes in our neighborhood, but what is it ?重点语法如何用must,may,might,can,could来表达推测三、新课导引SECTION A1It must be Carlas它一定是卡拉的。must be“一定是”。情态动词must除表示“必须”外,还表示推断,通常与be连用,意为“一定是,肯定是”。must这种表示推测的用法只用于肯定句中。There must be something wrong with the co
4、mputer那台电脑一定是出了什么毛病。注意(1)cant be意为“不可能是”,表示有把握的否定推测。 That man cant be Mr. WangHe is ill in hospital 那个人不可能是王先生,他生病住院了。(2)含有must be的句子变为否定句时,需把must be改为cant be。 We must be wrong我们一定是搞错了。(改为否定句) We cant be wrong我们不可能搞错了。中考链接【2011 山东烟台】39. .I think the man over there must be Bob. - It _ be him. He has
5、_ to Australia. A. cant, gone B. cant, been C. may not, been D. mustnt, gone 答案:A 【解析】考查点:情态动词can及现在完成时的用法。此处cant表示推测语气,意为“不可能”;“have/has gone to+地点”意为“去了某地”,表示不在说话人这儿;“have/has been to +地点”表示“去过某地”,现在已经回来了;mustnt意为“严禁,不许”,may表示不确定的推测语气。句意为“我认为那边的男人一定是Bob。不可能是他。他已经去了澳大利亚。”故选A。【2011盐城】3. Wheres David
6、? He be in the playground because he is fond of playing basketball. A. will B. may C. cant D. mustnt答案:B考查情态动词表推测。根据第二句意“他.在操场上,因为她喜爱打篮球”可知。【2011湖北武汉】33. - Look, Sue is over there.- That _ be her. She is in Canada now.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. wont答案: B【解析】考查情态动词的用法。由空隔后“苏现在在加拿大”可知,她现在不可能在那边。表示
7、否定推测,语气比较强烈,用cant。【2011江苏徐州】5. She _ be here . I saw her come in.A. can B. may C. should D. must答案D【解析】考查情态动词的用法。Can和may表示没有把握的推测,should意为“应该”,must表示有把握的推测。由后句句意“我看见他进来了”可推测前句,她一定在这儿。故选D【2011襄阳】33. - Whose backpack is this? - It be Jims. Look, his students card is in it. A. must B. can C. mustnt D.
8、cant【答案】A 【解析】情态动词表推测 由“他的学生证在书包里面”。可知“这个书包一定是吉姆的。”【2011浙江湖州】 23. Whos singing in the next room? It _ be her . She has gone to New York. A. cant B. must C. shouldnt D. can答案:A【解析】考查情态动词表推测。表示否定推测时,用cant,意为“一定不”。must表示推测时,意为“一定”,用于肯定句;根据答语“她已经去了纽约”可知是否定推测,故选A。 (2010山东威海)That restaurant be very goodIt
9、s always full of peopleAcant Bmay Cshouldnt Dmust解析:本题考查情态动词表示推测的用法。肯定推测用must be,否定推测用cant be。由下句“Its always full of people”“它经常满座”知,第一句表示肯定的推测:那家饭店一定非常好。故选D。 答案:D【2010江苏镇江】3. They _ play football last Friday because Simon forgot to bring his football here. A. could B. couldnt C. cant D. can答案:B 【解析
10、】情态动词。couldnt 是could的否定式。表推测时,它们并不是过去式,只是在语气上比can或cant委婉;could和couldnt 表示推测时,可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。could/couldnt一般用于过去的时态,can/cant一般用于一般现在时态。句意为:上周五他们不可能踢足球了,因为西蒙忘记带他的足球了。故选择B。 【2010四川内江】What is your mother going to do this Saturday ?-Im mot sure . She _ go to see my grandmother .A. can B. must C. may答案C【解
11、析】can表示具备某种能力;must表示推测,非常肯定。May表示对现在的一种推测。根据题意答案应选C 【2010浙江东阳】 18. Whose shirt is this?-It _ be Li Leis. It is too big for him.A. could B. must C. cant D. might答案【解析】cant表示不可能,其他不合题意。 (2009河南中考) -Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting?-Im not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He know.A
12、. can B. may C. need D. shall 【解析】选B。考查情态动词may表示推测。结合前句“Im not sure. Ask our monitor, please.”可知题意为“他可能知道(我们将在哪里开班会)”,故选B。may表示可能性的推测,常用在肯定句中。 (2009江西中考) Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.-It _ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.A. must B. might C. cant D. shouldnt 【解析】
13、选A。考查情态动词must表示肯定的推测。结合关键信息“I never even dream about it.”可知题意为“它肯定是非常贵的”,故排除B、C、D三项,选A。 (2009泰安中考) -Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall?-No, it be him. He has gone to Japan.A. neednt B. may not C. mustnt D. cant【解析】选D。本题考查cant表示否定的推测。四个选项都是情态动词的否定形式,分别意为“不能;不可能”、“千万不能”、“应该”、“可以;
14、可能”。结合关键信息“He has gone to Japan.”可知“他不可能是约翰教授”应选D。 (2008长沙中考) -Is Lucy knocking at the door?-No. It _ be Lucy. She is in Japan now.A. neednt B. must C. cant 【解析】选C。考查情态动词cant表示推测的用法。cant表示否定的推测;must表示肯定的推测。由题意“不可能是露西,她现在在日本”可知应选C。2He was the only little kid at the picnic他是野餐中唯一的小孩。only在这里是形容词,意为“唯一的
15、,仅有的”,用来修饰名词。 She is the only girl in her family她是家里唯一的女孩(独生女)。3It could be Meis hair band它可能是梅的发带。could在这里表示推测,意为“可能”,表示把握不大。注意情态动词may,could,might,can都可用来表示没有把握的推测,意为“可能”。它们在表示推测时,无时态区别,只是在语气上有差别。语气上由强到弱的顺序为:can,could,may,might。can表示推测时常用于疑问句和否定句,cant表示几乎可以确信某事不是真实的,是否定的推测; could和might表示某事也许是真实的;ma
16、y表示推测时多用于肯定句,不用于疑问句。This bike couldmight be Li Leis,but Im not sure这辆自行车可能是李雷的,但我不敢肯定。Your book may be in your desk你的书可能在你的课桌里。4The hair band might belong to Linda这条发带可能属于琳达。belong to意为“属于,为所拥有”。belong to没有被动式,也不能用于进行时态。 The bike belongs to my mother这辆自行车属于我妈妈。 译:这个男孩是一年级演唱队的队员。 误:The boy is belongi
17、ng to the singing group of Grade One 正:The boy belongs to the singing group of Grade One注意belong to中的to是介词,后接名词或人称代词的宾格形式,不能接名词性物主代词或名词所有格。This classroom belongs to us这间教室属于我们。5The soccer ball might be Johns or Tonys这个足球可能是约翰或托尼的。 aunts or uncles阿姨的或叔叔的Toms and Jacks bikes are the same汤姆的自行车和杰克的是一样的
18、。This is Tom and Jacks roomThey live together这是汤姆和杰克的房间。他们住在一起。注意表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加s;表示共有的所有关系时,在最后一个名词的末尾加s。6Shes the only one whos studying French她是唯一正在学法语的人。 (1)one用作代词时,常用来指代上文中的某个可数名词,以免重复。辨析:one与itone泛指;指代前面提到过的同类人或物中的一个,用于指代可数名词。it特指;指代前面提到过的同一个物体,用于指代可数名词单数或不可数名词。试比较I dont have a knifeLend
19、me one我没有小刀,借给我一把。(one指代a knife)The picture is very nicePlease show it to me这幅画很漂亮。请让我看看。(it指代the picture)中考链接(2010安徽)一I need something for cutting the paper一Oh,you want a knife? OK,I11 get for youAit Bthat Cthis Done解析:本题考查代词的用法。句意为:“我需要个东西来割这张纸。”“噢,你需要一把小刀吗?好吧,我为你拿一把。”空格处表示泛指,用one指代与前面提到的同类事物中的一个。
20、it表示特指,与前面提到的名词为同一个;that常用 来代替前面已提到的事物,以避免重复;this指近处的人或物。 答案:D(2) whos studying French在句中作定语,是一个定语从句,修饰代词one。whos是who is的缩写。 被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词,定语从句必须放在先行词的后面,定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。常用的关系代词有whowhom(指人),which(指物),whose(指人或物),that(指人或物);关系副词有when(指时间),where(指地点),why(指原因)等。 I was the only person in our office th
21、atwho was invited 我是我们办公室里唯一受到邀请的人。 This is the building thatwhich we built last year这是去年我们盖的那座楼。 We are going to the place where he works我们正要去他工作的地方。中考链接(2010天津)Jamie is a young cook wants to improve school dinnersAwho Bwhose Cwhom Dwhich 解析:本题考查定语从句。先行词是cook,指人,故用关系代词who,并且who在从句中作主语。 答案:A7Its muc
22、h too small for him他穿太小了。 much too “太”,后跟形容词或副词。much修饰too,强调“太”的程度。I cant stay here any longer because its much too noisy我再也无法待在这里了,因为(这里)太吵闹了。拓展too much后接不可数名词,意为“太多”,而much too意为“太”。We have too much homework to do today我们今天有太多的作业要做。They are much too young to go to school他们太小了,不能去上学。8If you have any
23、 idea where it might be , please call me 如果你知道它可能在哪儿,请给我打电话。(1)any表示“一些,任何的”,与some同义,但在条件状语从句中用any不用some。 If you have any questions,ask me如果你有问题就问我吧。 (2)have someany idea意为“知道,了解”;have no idea意为“不知道,不了解”,后可接aboutof,再加名词或代词,或直接加从句。 Do you have any idea about it? 你知道那件事吗? You may have some idea (of) w
24、hat he said你也许知道他说了什么。 I have no ideaI dont know why you were late for school 我不知道你为什么上学迟到了。9I think I dropped it during the concert so it might still be in the symphony hall 我想我是在音乐会期间把它丢了,因此它可能仍然在交响乐大厅内。 (1)drop用作动词,意思是“(使)落下,(使)掉下”,既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,与fall同义。 The glass dropped out of her hand玻璃杯从她手
25、中掉了下来。辨析:drop与falldrop可以是偶然的“丢掉,跌落”,也可以指有意而为的“投下”。fall多指地球引力所导致的“下落”或失去平衡的“跌落”。 drop a letter in the mailbox把信投入邮箱 fall down to the ground跌跤 (2)during介词,“在期间” during the summer在夏季 during the summer holiday在暑假期间10Its crucial that I study for it because it makes up 30% of the final exam 我的备考学习至关重要,因为它
26、占期末成绩的30。 (1)crucial是形容词,在本句中意为“至关重要的”,常与to连用。 The medicine is crucial to the boys life 这种药对这个男孩的生命至关重要。 (2)make up意为“组成,构成”,在本句中意为“占有”。 The homeless make up a growing percentage of Americas population 无家可归者在美国人口中所占的比重呈上升趋势。【2011浙江杭州】28. I have to well prepare for the math test tomorrow because it _
27、 30% of the final exam. A. sets up B. puts up C. uses up D. makes up答案:D【解析】词义辨析。set up 意为“建立;搭建”;put up 意为“张贴;举起”;use up意为“用完”; 而make up意为“组成”。由句意“我不得不为明天的数学测试做好准备,因为它占期末考试的30%。”可推断选D。 (3)final形容词,意为“最后的;最终的”。final exam期末考试 The final thing she did before she left the house was to look the door 她离开房
28、子前做的最后一件事是锁门。11Im really anxious, because I cant find my backpack 我真的很着急,因为我找不到我的背包了。 anxious是形容词,意为“忧虑的,担心的,渴望的”,着重指焦急、着急、担心的心情。常用结构如下:be anxious forabout为而担忧;为着急;渴望 be anxious (for sb) to do sth渴望(某人)做某事Parents are anxious about their childrens health父母都为孩子们的健康而担忧。Hes anxious to have a bike of his
29、 own他渴望拥有一辆自己的自行车。12Shes worried because of her test她因为考试而着急。 because of意为“因为,由于”。She was absent because of sickness她因生病而缺席。注意because表示直接原因,回答why的提问,一般放在主句之后,也可单独存在,它引导一个原因状语从句;而because of不能引导从句,其后一般跟名词、代词、动名词或名词短语。中考链接【2011扬州】He had to retire(退休) early _ poor health.A. as a result B. becauseC. so D
30、. because of答案:D【解析】连词考查。Because与because of都表示原因,但because必须引导句子,而because of后跟名词。【2011四川宜宾】29. He didnt go to school yesterday _ he was ill.A. because B. because of C. if D. so 答案:A 【解析】A考查连词的用法。because引导的状语从句,根据句意:他昨天没来上学是因为生病了。B后面接名词或名词性短语。D经常与that搭配引导目的或者结果状语从句。故选A。五、课堂检测选词填空much too too much because of belong to 1The girl was worried the coming exam 2The toy car must Jim because he often plays with it 3You are so fat that you cant eat
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