完整word版Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元重点用法复习人教版必修3.docx

1、完整word版Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元重点用法复习人教版必修3Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the stars重点复习（人教版必修3）单词拓展1._n天文学_adj.天文学的_n天文学家2_n理论3_n大气层；气氛4_n生物学_n生物学家_adj.生物学的5_n地心引力；重力6_n卫星；人造卫星7_n物理学家_adj.物理的_n物理8_vt.乘；增加9_vi.存在_n存在10_vt.使迷惑_n难题；谜_adj.迷惑不解的11_vi. & vt.碰撞；坠落12_adj.猛烈的_n暴力_adv.猛烈地13_adj.有害

2、的_n害处_vt.对有害14_adj.全世界的；全球性的_n球体；地球仪15_prep.不像；和不同句型背诵1.The earth became_violent_it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球变得如此猛烈以至于不明确是否它的形状会保持这个样子。2This produced a chain reaction，which made_possible for life to develop.这引起一连串的反应，使生命的生长发育成为一种可能。3But when I tried to step forward，I found

3、 I was carried_ _ _ _on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。4When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us but it will not be _ _ _ _ _ the earths.我们离月球越近，就会感觉到月球的引力在吸引我们，但不如地球的引力那么强。5Walking does need a bit of practice _ _ gravity has changed

4、.既然重力改变了，走路也确实需要练一练了。自我诊断单词拓展1astronomy，astronomer，astronomic2.theory3.atmosphere4biology，biologist，biological5.gravity6.satellite7.physicist，physics，physical8.multiply9.exist，existence10.puzzle，puzzle，puzzled11.crash12.violent，violence，violently13.harmful，harm，harm14.global，globe15.unlike句型背诵1so；th

5、at2.it3.twice as far as4.as strong a pull as5now that考 点 串 串 讲重点单词1.as conj.随着，当的时候用法拓展(1)prep.作为，当作(2)adv.同样地(3)conj.引导时间状语从句，在期间；当时候(4)conj.引导原因状语从句，由于，因为(5)conj.引导让步状语从句，尽管；即使；虽然(6)conj.引导方式状语从句，以方式(7)关系代词，引导定语从句As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.随着年纪越来越大，他除了喜欢园艺以外，对

6、一切都失去了兴趣。We had better treat it as a joke.我们最好把它当作玩笑。She is as tall as her mother.她和她母亲一样高。As I am going to repair my bike, I need a hammer.因为我将修理我的自行车，我需要一把锤子。Intelligent as you are, I suspect you will fail.尽管你聪明，我猜你会失败。Cyprus, as you know, is an island in the Mediterranean.如你所知，塞浦路斯是地中海的岛国。特别提醒表示“

7、随着”时，也可以用with短语(with复合结构)。随着这个国家财富的增加，更多的浪费将会产生。As the wealth of the country increases, more waste will be produced.With the wealth of the country increasing, more waste will be produced.即境活用单项填空The Beatles, _ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.AwhatBthatChow DasChina is to

8、have more giant pandas, _ 13 female pandas are expecting babies this year.Aso BifCthough Das_ children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them.AWhile BWhenCAs DWithI couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.Agoing on Bgoes onCwent on Dto go on答案：DDCA2lay vt.放置；压

9、倒；使躺下；放到 vt. & vi.生蛋，产卵He laid his coat over a chair.他把外套放在椅子上。The trees were laid flat by heavy wind.树木被风刮倒了。The hens dont lay eggs during this cold weather.这样冷的天气母鸡不会下蛋。易混辨析动词原形第三人称单数过去式过去分词现在分词中文释义lieliesliedliedlying撒谎；谎话lielieslaylainlying躺；位于laylayslaidlaidlaying放置；下蛋Obviously he was lying.显然他

10、是在撒谎。There lies a small town at the foot of the mountain.山脚下有一个小镇。即境活用单项填空The camera isnt _. It still _ where I _ it a month ago.Amissed; lies; layBmissing; lies; laidCgone; lays; laid Dlost; lays; lay答案：B3prevent vt.阻止；制止Vitamin C is supposed to prevent colds.维他命C被认为能预防感冒。Nothing can prevent us fro

11、m carrying out the plan.什么也不能阻止我们执行这个计划。特别提醒stop.from.和keep.from.也有相同意思，但需要注意的是在keep.from.短语中，介词from不能省略，因为keep sb. doing sth.的意思是“使某人一直做某事”。His father stopped/prevented/kept him from joining the army.他爸爸阻止他参军。Lets hurry. Dont keep him waiting.我们快一点，不要让他等着。易混辨析prevent.from与protect.from(1)prevent.fro

12、m.阻止某人做某事(2)protect.from.保护免受She protected her eyes from the sun with her hand.她用手遮住太阳保护眼睛。All visitors were prevented from touching the painting.所有参观者都被阻止触摸那幅画。即境活用单项填空Many fastgrowing countries are less concerned with protecting _ against climate change.AoneBoneselfCthem DthemselvesWe must do what

13、 we can to prevent the rivers from _ by factories.Ato pollute Bto be pollutedCpolluting Dbeing polluted答案：DD4violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；粗暴的；暴力的Violent criminals like that are a danger to society.那种暴力罪犯对社会是一种危害。The boat sank in a violent storm at sea.船在海上强烈的风暴中沉没。用法拓展a violent death横死，暴死lay violent hands on

14、对行凶，对下毒手a violent dislike极端的厌恶violence n暴力，粗暴，猛烈do violence to损害；污辱，歪曲事实use violence使用暴力即境活用单项填空That morning，they had a_quarrel，and she threatened him with a kitchen knife.AharmfulBgentleCviolent DfundamentalShe was in a_temper and began throwing things about.Aharmful BpoorCgentle Dviolent答案：CD5unli

15、ke prep.不像；不同于adj.不同的；不相似的He managed to finish the race，unlike most of the competitors.他在比赛中坚持跑完了全程，不像大部分选手那样半途而废。His new novel is unlike all his previous ones.他新出的这部小说与他以前的不同。用法拓展It is unlike sb. to do sth.做某事不是某人的特点(风格)。dislike vt.不喜欢，讨厌unlikely adj.不大可能的likely adj.有可能的即境活用翻译句子中国的北方不比南方，春天老刮风。_她不像

16、她妈妈；她很高，而她妈妈很矮。_答案：The north of China，unlike the south，is windy in spring.She is unlike her mother；she is tall and her mother is very short.6harmful adj.有害的，其反义词为harmless。It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful to our health.吸烟有害健康，这是大家公认的。Its harmful to your eyes to read in the bus.在公共汽车上看

17、书对你的眼睛有害。The dog seems fierce，but hes harmless.这狗看似凶狠，但不伤人。用法拓展harm n伤害；损害，常构成do harm to.或do sb. harm结构。vt.伤害；损害It wouldnt do him any harm to work a bit harder.工作努力点对他没什么害处。There was a traffic accident in this street，but no one was harmed.这街上发生了交通事故，但没有人受伤。即境活用单项填空If the factories keep on sending of

18、f this kind of smoke，great harm will be_to the living things here.Amade BdoneCtaken Dsuffered答案：B7puzzle vt.使迷惑；使为难；使窘困vi.感到迷惑n(游戏的)猜谜；难题；谜What puzzles me is why they didnt show up.令我百思不解的是他们为什么没有出现。Her decision was a puzzle to him.她的决定对他来说是个谜。I have been puzzling about this question for weeks now.我

19、对这个问题已冥思苦想了好几个星期。用法拓展puzzled adj.迷惑不解的，常用来修饰人。puzzling adj.令人迷惑不解的，常用来修饰事物。She listened with a puzzled expression on her face.她脸上带着困惑的表情在倾听着。The teachers explanation clarifies the puzzling problem.老师的说明澄清了令人迷惑不解的问题。即境活用单项填空_at what had happened，she decided to look into the matter on her own.APuzzle

20、BTo puzzledCPuzzled DPuzzling答案：C8exist vi.存在；生存；维持生存用法拓展exist in存在于之中exist by靠生存come into existence开始存在；成立bring into existence使发生；产生即境活用单项填空People do not now believe in the_of ghosts.Abirth BevidenceCexistence Doccurrence答案：C句意为：现在人们不相信鬼魂的存在。existence“存在”；birth“出生”；evidence“证据；物证”；occurrence“发生(的事情

21、)，出现；存在(的事物)”。9mass n团；块；质量；大量；体积用法拓展masses of大量的；许多的a mass of许多的；大量的be a mass of.满是；遍布着in the mass大体上；大致上the(great)mass of大多数；大部分特别提醒a mass of和masses of可以修饰可数或不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与mass的单复数形式保持一致。即境活用单项填空_work has been done to prevent the water being polluted.AA plenty of BA number ofCA mass of DA gr

22、eat many答案：Ca mass of可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词；a number of与a great many只能修饰可数名词复数；A项表述错误，应为plenty of，题中work为不可数名词，所以C项正确。10presence n在场；存在She was so quiet that her presence was hardly noticed.她那么安静，几乎没有人注意到她在这里。Since she joined the team last season she has made her presence felt.自从上个赛季加入这个队以来，她就使人感到她是个举足轻重的队员。

23、He is very polite in the presence of his friends.在朋友面前他很有礼貌。用法拓展adj. 出席；在场，作定语时要后置，可构成短语be present at。adj.当前的；目前的vt.提请；授予absent adj.不在场的；缺席，可构成短语be absent from。Do you know the people present at the meeting?你认识开会的人吗？The present situation is very serious.目前的情况很严重。He wants to present some money to the

24、school.他想给那所学校捐些钱。Why were you absent from the meeting yesterday?你为什么没有出席昨天的会议？即境活用单项填空He is very brave and always remains calm in the _ of danger.ApatienceBexpressionCimpression Dpresence答案：D重点短语1.get/have the hang of熟悉，掌握；理解某事Press the button when the light goes onyoull soon get the hang of it.灯亮时

25、按这个按钮你很快会熟悉它的用法。单项填空The animals could no longer pull the wagons, too weak to pull their burden, and their tongues _ desperate need of water.Ahanged out inBhanged out forChung out in Dhung out for答案：C2too much 太多The Cambridge team were too much for the Oxford team in the quiz.在智力竞赛中，剑桥队远胜于牛津队。易混辨析muc

26、h too与too muchmuch too“太，非常”，副词词组，修饰形容词、副词，但不能修饰动词。too much作“太多”解释，有以下三种用法：(1)用作名词词组。(2)用作副词词组，修饰不及物动词。(3)用作形容词词组，修饰不可数名词。He is much too busy to look after his old father.他太忙了，以至于不能照顾他的老父亲。You have given me too much.你给我的太多了。 She talks too much.她说得太多。There is too much snow.雪太多了。即境活用单项填空I dont think t

27、he maths problem is _ difficult for her.Atoo much Bmuch tooCvery much Dmuch答案：B3cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋Cheer up! Things are not so bad as they seem.振作起来！情况并不像看上去那样糟。The news cheered him up.这消息使他高兴起来。Mrs. Green did not appear to be able to cheer up.格林太太好像怎么也提不起兴致来。用法拓展give three cheers (for)(为)欢呼三声good cheer佳肴美酒，丰盛的食物take good cheer from sth.(因某事而)感到振奋with good cheer 高高兴兴地，欢乐地，心甘情愿地words of cheer鼓励的话即境活用单项填空I seem to be useless and I can do nothing well._， Peter. Its not that bad. Things will get better.ATurn up BBring upCBreak up DCheer upThe nurse tried to _ up th