虚拟情态重点 老师.docx

1、虚拟情态重点 老师 Courage is the ladder on which all the other virtues mount. 勇气是其他美德攀登的梯子。 2016. 7.24语法填空 “Red” is used in many American expressions.It can be used to show 1.(happy),as in “a red-letter day”.This is a day 2. something special happens.The expression is probably based on church customs.For al

2、most 600 years,church calendars(日历) 3.(mark) with red to indicate special holidays.Todays calendars are still marked that way with the 4. (mean) of holidays and special days printed in red. The expression “a red-letter day” is often heard in everyday life.A red-letter day is a day that people are fe

3、eling quite happy.It 5. be a day that youve long waited for,a wedding day,for example,6. it may be a day with a happy surprise.You might tell your friend that yesterday was a red-letter day 7. you won some money in the state lottery(彩票). “Rolling out the red carpet” is another 8.(common) heard expre

4、ssion,which 9.(represent) a warm welcome of any kind.A city may “roll out the red carpet” for its baseball team when the team arrives home after winning the championship. “Red” is also used in some expressions that are not happy.“Red-handed” is one.To be caught red-handed is to be caught 10.(perform

5、) a wrong act. 1.happiness。此处作宾语,应用名词,故填happiness。 2.when。此处引导定语从句,先行词a day表时间,且该从句中缺少状语,故填关系副词when。 3.have been marked。由本空前的时间状语For almost 600 years可判断,此空应用现在完成时;主语calendars与谓语mark为被动关系, 4.meanings。由此空前的the和此空后的of可知应用名词;此处指“各种节假日和特殊日子的意义”,应用名词复数形式。5.may。根据下文中的“it may be a day with a happy surprise”

6、可知此处应填may,表可能性的推测。 6.or。分析句意可知,前后句之间是选择关系,应填连词or,表示“或者”。 7.because/when/if。分析句意可知,前后句之间可以是因果关系;后一句也可以是时间状语从句或条件状语从句。 monly。此处修饰谓语动词,应用副词 9.represents。该定语从句的主语which指代前句中的动名词短语rolling out the red carpet,谓语动词应用单数形式;又因本文主体时态为一般现在时,故填represents。 10.performing。be caught doing sth.为习惯搭配,意为“被抓住正在做某事”。故填perf

7、orming。 二、语法填空(2016山东考试) I enjoy 1.(climb) mountains whenever I can find the time to do so.Tom and Mike are my best friends,both of 2. also like sports.Two years ago,the three of us 3. (go) up to Mount Lushan.Instead of taking a bus,which is 4.(comfortable),we preferred to climb.We started from the

8、foot of the mountain early in the morning,5. (chat) all the way.After about one and a half 6. (hour) climbing,we saw two mountain paths before us.We could not decide 7.to choose.In the end,we took the right path,thinking that might be a short cut.But we were wrong.We could not find our way out,8.(lo

9、se) in the mountain.We had to use our hands and feet to make a way.We began to cry for help 9. nobody answered.It was not until 10.(dark) fell that we found a right path leading up to a paved road. 1.climbing。enjoy后需接V-ing形式作宾语。 2.whom。先行词是friends,表示人,引导词在句中作of的宾语,需用宾格形式,故填whom。 3.went。依据句中的时间状语two

10、years ago可知,需用一般过去时。 4.more comfortable。句意:我们没有乘车,虽然乘车比较舒服,但是我们偏爱爬山。句中暗含比较之意,故用形容词的比较级形式。 5.chatting。此处作伴随状语表示聊天的动作与爬山同时发生。 6.hours。hour是可数名词且被one and a half修饰,需用复数形式,且作定语修饰名词,因此需用名词所有格。 7.which此处指我们无法决定选哪一条。表示有范围的选择用which。 8.lost。此处应用过去分词lost表状态。 9.but。后面提及没有人回应,因此前后分句为转折关系,需用连词but。 10.darkness。空后有

11、谓语动词fell,故推知空处作主语,应用名词. 情态动词虚拟重点I.can或could的常见句式。 (1)cannot/couldnt but do sth.表示“不得不;不由地”。 I cannot but admire her.我不由地对她产生了敬慕之情。 (2)can not/never.enough/too.表示“越越好,再也不为过”。 You can never be too careful with details.你越注意细节越好。 (3)cannot/couldnt help doing sth.表示“情不自禁做某事”。 She couldnt help crying when

12、 she heard the news.当听到这个消息时,她禁不住哭了起来。 (4)cannot help but do sth.表示“不得不做某事”。 I couldnt help but cry.我没法子,只是哭。might have done还可以表示过去某事可能发生而实际上却并未发生,含有委婉的批评或责备的语气。 It was really very dangerous.You might have killed yourself.那真的是太危险了,你差点就没命了。 3.may的常见句式。 (1)may/might as well do sth.表示“不妨,倒不如”。 This is

13、your last chance.You may as well take full advantage of it.这是你最后一次机会,你不妨好好利用它。 (2)may well do sth.表示“完全能,很可能(做某事)”。 We may well doubt if hes told us the truth.我们有理由怀疑他是不是说了真话。 (3)may用于祈使句的开头,用may sb.do sth.表示祝愿。 May you succeed.祝你成功! 典例1(2013北京高考改编)The weather forecast says it is not going to rain,b

14、ut it rain this afternoon because the weather forecast is not always reliable. 【解析】句意:天气预报说不会下雨,但是今天下午也可能会下雨,因为天气预报并不总是很准。根据句意可知,此处表示对未来情况不是很肯定的推测,故应该用情态动词might。 【答案】 might 典例2Since you are here, you as well give me a hand. 【解析】句意:既然你在这里,不妨帮我一把。may/might as well do sth.为固定搭配,表示“不妨,倒不如”。 答案】 may/migh

15、t3.shall与should的用法 1.情态动词shall的用法。 (1)用于第一、三人称疑问句中,表示征求对方的意见或向对方请示,意为“要不要,好吗?” What a fine day!Shall we go picnicking?天气真好!我们去野餐好吗? (2)第二、三人称陈述句中,说话者给对方命令、承诺、警告、威胁等。 Dont worry.You shall have it by Friday.别着急,星期五一定给你。 2.should的用法。 (1)表示义务、责任、劝告或建议,意为“应该,应当”,可换用ought to。 You should pay your debts.你应该

16、还债。 (2)表示可能性或推测,意为“理应,应该”。 These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two.这样的烫伤不严重,一两天就应该会感到好一些了。 (3)表示意外或惊讶,意为“居然,竟然”。 Its strange that he should be late.真奇怪,他竟然会迟到。典例(2012辽宁高考改编)One of our rules is that every student wear school uniforms while at school. 【解析】句意:我们的校规之一是每名学生

17、在校期间都必须穿校服。根据句意可知,此处表示命令、强制。shall用于第二和第三人称的陈述句时,表示命令、规定等。 【答案】 shall II.几种特殊的情况。 (1)错综时间条件句。 当条件句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,“错综时间条件句”,动词的形式根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。 If you had followed my advice just now,you would be better now.如果你刚才听了我的建议,你现在就会感觉好多了。 If you had studied hard before,you would be a college stude

18、nt now.如果你以前用功学习了的话,你现在就是一名大学生了。 (2)含蓄条件句。 用介词短语代替条件状语从句,常用的介词及短语有without,but for,but that,otherwise,or,but等。 Without your help,we could not have succeeded.没有你的帮助,我们不可能取得成功。 But for electricity,there would be no modern industry.要是没有电,就没有现代产业。 He felt very tired yesterday,or he would have attended th

19、e party.他昨天太累了,否则他会参加派对的。 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用 1.主语从句中的虚拟语气:It is+adj./n./V-ed+that+主语+should+动词原natural,anxious,necessary,better,regretful,desirable,strange,surprising,important等。 decided,recommended,demanded,required,desired,requested,ordered,suggested等。 常见的此类名词有duty,pity,no surprise,no wonder,shame等。 2

20、.宾语从句中的虚拟语气。 (1)某些动词后接宾语从句时,从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,用来表示建议、命令、要求等。其形式为“主语+v.+(that+)(should+)动词原形。” advise,order,decide,propose,demand,recommend,request,require,insist,suggest,urge等。 特别提醒 1.insist表示“坚决主张,坚决要求”时,后接宾语从句中使用虚拟语气;表示“坚持认为,坚持说”时,后接宾语从句中则不用虚拟语气。 He insisted that the conference should be put off till

21、the next month.他坚决主张将会议推迟到下个月举行。 He insisted that he had done nothing wrong.他坚持认为自己没有做错任何事情。 2.suggest表示“建议”时,后接宾语从句中使用虚拟语气;表示“暗示,表明”时,后接宾语从句中则不用虚拟语气。 He suggested that Mr Smith be invited to the party.他建议邀请史密斯先生参加会议。 His pale look suggested that he was in poor health.他苍白的脸色表明他身体不健康。 特别提醒 1.insist表示

22、“坚决主张,坚决要求”时,后接宾语从句中使用虚拟语气;表示“坚持认为,坚持说”时,后接宾语从句中则不用虚拟语气。 He insisted that the conference should be put off till the next month.他坚决主张将会议推迟到下个月举行。 He insisted that he had done nothing wrong.他坚持认为自己没有做错任何事情。 2.suggest表示“建议”时,后接宾语从句中使用虚拟语气;表示“暗示,表明”时,后接宾语从句中则不用虚拟语气。 He suggested that Mr Smith be invited

23、 to the party.His pale look suggested that he was in poor health.他苍白的脸色 典例1It is required that the students mobile phones in their school,so seldom them using one. .not use;will you see 典例2My suggestion is that you much meat. .not have 一、单句填空 1.I have ordered some pizza,so we worry about cooking whe

24、n we got home tired. 1.neednt。我已经订购了一些比萨,所以如果我们到家后觉得累的话就无需为做饭而担心了。根此处表示“不必”, 2.We have had a good start,but next,more work needs (do) to achieve the final success. 2.doing/to be done。句意:我们已经拥有了一个良好的开始,但是要想取得最后的成功,下一步还有更多的工作需要去做。sth.need doing/to be done为固定搭配,表示“某物需要被”。 3.It is time that we(take) mea

25、sures to protect the rare animals. 3.took/should take。谓语动词用过去式或者“should+动4.You have taken so much cash with you,you knowthe shop accepted checks. 4.neednt。句意:你本来不必身上带那么多现金的,你知道那家商店接受支票。5.According to the factory safety rules,all accidents be reported to the safety officer. 5.shall。句意:根据工厂的安全规定,所有的事故

26、都得报到安全负责人那里。情态动词shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中,表示允诺、命令、警告、威胁等语气或用于介绍规章、制度。本句为陈述句, 6.The well-dressed lady was caught stealing in the fashion shop.Strangely enough,she have done such a thing. 6.should。根据题干中的“strangely enough” “竟然”。 7.Smile is also a kind of language whichnot be heard by anyone,but people always

27、know its meaning. 7.can。句意:微笑也是一种语言,一种谁都听不到的语言,但人们总是理解它的含义。此处应用can表示可能性。 8.You be careful with the camera.It costs! 8.must。人的主观看法,“一定要,务必”,使用must。 9.I wish I (be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then. 9.had been。句意:我希望自己上周二参加了姐姐的婚礼,但那时我在纽约出差。13.I(go) throu

28、gh that bitter period without your generous help. 13.cant/couldnt have gone。句意:没有你的慷慨帮助,我不可能度过那段痛苦的日子。14.Luckily some friends living locally came to visit me regularly and I went home every weekend,or I (go) mad. 14.would/should/could/might have gone。幸运的是住在当地的一些朋友经常来看我,我每个周末都回家,否则的话我会疯掉的。相当于“If I hadnt done that”,是对过去情况的虚拟。 15.Seeing his dangerous situation I suggested that he(send) to the hospital at once,but his wife insisted that he was feeling quite well then. 15.(should) be sent。suggest作“建议”