建筑常用英文词汇.docx

1、建筑常用英文词汇Adesign basis设计依据计划建议书planning proposals 设计任务书design order 标准规范standards and codes 条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design 工艺流程图process flowchart 工程地质资料engineering geological data 原始资料original data 设计进度schedule of designBstage of design设计阶段 方案scheme, draft 草图sketch 会谈纪要summary of d

2、iscussion 谈判negotiation 可行性研究feasibility study 初步设计preliminary design 基础设计basic design 详细设计detail design 询价图enquiry drawing 施工图working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图as built drawingCclimate condition气象条件日照sunshine 风玫瑰wind rose 主导风向prevailing wind direction 最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载

3、wind load 最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall 雷击及闪电thunder and lightning 飓风hurricane 台风typhoon 旋风cyclone 降雨强度rainfall intensity 年降雨量annual rainfall 湿球温度wet bulb temperature 干球温度dry bulb temperature 冰冻期frost period 冰冻线frost line 冰冻区frost zone 室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区region with heating

4、 provision 不采暖地区region without heating provision 绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure 相对湿度relative humidityDgeneral room name常用房间名称办公室office 服务用房service room 换班室shift room 休息室rest room (break room) 起居室living room 浴室bathroom 淋浴间shower 更衣室locker room 厕所lavatory 门厅lobby 诊室clinic 工作间workshop 电气开关室switchro

5、om 走廊corridor 档案室archive 电梯机房lift motor room 车库garage 清洁间cleaning room 会议室(正式) conference room 会议室meeting room 衣柜间ward robe 饭店restaurant 餐厅canteen, dining room 厨房kitchen 入口entrance 接待处reception area 会计室accountant room 秘书室secretary room 电气室electrical room 控制室control room 工长室foreman office 开关柜室switch

6、gear 前室antecabinet (ante.) 生产区production area 马达控制中心mcc 多功能用房utility room 化验室laboratory room 经理室manager room 披屋(阁楼) penthouse 警卫室guard houseEroofing and ceiling屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet 雨蓬canopy 屋脊roof ridge 坡度slope 坡跨比pitch 分水线water-shed 二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic 附加油毡一层extra ply of felt 檐口

7、eave 挑檐overhanging eave 檐沟eave gutter 平屋面flat roof 坡屋面pitched roof 汇水面积catchment area 泛水flashing 内排水interior drainage 外排水exterior drainage 滴水drip 屋面排水roof drainage 找平层leveling course 卷材屋面built-up roofing 天棚ceiling 檩条purlin 屋面板roofing board 天花板ceiling board 防水层water-proof course 检查孔inspection hole 人孔

8、manhole 吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling 檐板(窗帘盒) corniceFwall (cladding)墙体(外墙板)砖墙brick wall 砌块墙block wall 清水砖墙brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙rendered wall 石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙hollow brick wall 承重墙bearing wall 非承重墙non-bearing wall 纵墙longitudinal wall 横墙transverse wall 外墙external (

9、exterior) wall 内墙internal (interior) wall 填充墙filler wall 防火墙fire wall 窗间墙wall between window 空心墙cavity wall 压顶coping 圈梁gird, girt, girth 玻璃隔断glazed wall 遮阳板sunshade 阳台balcony 伸缩缝expansion joint 沉降缝settlement joint 抗震缝seismic joint 复合夹心板sandwich board 压型单板corrugated single steel plate 外墙板cladding pan

10、el 复合板composite panel 轻质隔断light-weight partition 牛腿bracket 砖烟囱brick chimney 勒脚(基座) plinthGfloor and trench地面及地沟地坪grade 地面和楼面ground and floor 素土夯实rammed earth 炉渣夯实tamped cinder 填土filled earth 回填土夯实tamped backfill 垫层bedding course, blinding 面层covering, finish 结合层bonding (binding) course 找平层leveling co

11、urse 素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course 混凝土地面concrete floor 水泥地面cement floor 机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor 水磨石地面terrazzo flooring 马赛克地面mosaic flooring 瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring 油地毡地面linoleum flooring 预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring 硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring 搁栅joist 硬木毛地面hard-wood r

12、ough flooring 企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring 防酸地面acid-resistant floor 钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (r.c slab) 乙烯基地面vinyl flooring 水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo 地面做2坡floor with 2% slope 集水沟gully 集水口gulley 排水沟drainage trench 沟盖板trench cover 活动盖板removable cover plate 集水坑sump pit 孔翻边hole up stan

13、d 电缆沟cable trenchHdoors,glass,windows & ironmongery(hardware)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木(钢)门wooden (steel) door 镶板门panelled door 夹板门plywood door 铝合金门aluminum alloy door 卷帘门roller shutter door 弹簧门swing door 推拉门sliding door 平开门side-hung door 折叠门folding door 旋转门revolving door 玻璃门glazed door 密闭门air-tight door 保温门therma

14、l insulating door 镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door 防火门fire door (大门上的)小门wicket 门框door frame 门扇door leaf 门洞door opening 结构开洞structural opening 单扇门single door 双扇门double door 疏散门emergency door 纱门screen door 门槛door sill 门过梁door lintel 上冒头top rail 下冒头bottom rail 门边木stile 门樘侧料side jumb 槽口notch 木窗wood

15、en window 钢窗steel window 铝合金窗aluminum alloy window 百叶窗(通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind) 塑钢窗plastic steel window 空腹钢窗hollow steel window 固定窗fixed window 平开窗side-hung window 推拉窗sliding window 气窗transom 上悬窗top-hung window 中悬窗center-pivoted window 下悬窗hopper window 活动百叶窗adjustable louver 天

16、窗skylight 老虎窗dormer window 密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing 钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel 钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel 窗扇casement sash 窗台window sill 窗台板window board 窗中梃mullion 窗横木mutin窗边木stile 压缝条cover mould 窗帘盒curtain box 合页(铰链) hinge (butts) 转轴pivot 长脚铰链parliament hinge 闭门器door closer 地弹簧floor clos

17、er 插销bolt 门锁door lock 拉手pull 链条chain 门钩door hanger 碰球ball latch 窗钩window catch 暗插销insert bolt 电动开关器electric opener 平板玻璃plate glass 夹丝玻璃wire glass 透明玻璃clear glass 毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass) 防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass 石英玻璃quartz glass 吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass 磨光玻璃polished glass 着色玻璃pigmented g

18、lass 玻璃瓦glass tile 玻璃砖glass block 有机玻璃organic glassIstaircase, landing & lift (elevator) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase 疏散梯emergency stair 旋转梯spiral stair (circular stair) 吊车梯crane ladder 直爬梯vertical ladder 踏步step 扇形踏步winder (wheel step) 踏步板tread 档步板riser 踏步宽度tread width 防滑条non-slip insert (strips) 栏

19、杆railing (balustrade) 平台栏杆platform railing 吊装孔栏杆railing around mounting hole 扶手handrail 梯段高度height of flight 防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage) 平台landing (platform) 操作平台operating platform 装卸平台platform for loading & unloading 楼梯平台stair landing 客梯passenger lift 货梯goods lift 客/货两用梯goods/passenger lift 液

20、压电梯hydraulic lift 自动扶梯escalator 观光电梯observation elevator 电梯机房lift mortar room 电梯坑lift pit 电梯井道lift shaftJbuilding material words and phrases建筑材料词汇及短语bricks and tiles 砖和瓦红砖red brick 粘土砖clay brick 瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile) 防火砖fire brick 空心砖hollow brick 面砖facing brick 地板砖flooring tile 缸砖clinkery br

21、ick 马赛克mosaic 陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete 琉璃瓦glazed tile 脊瓦ridge tile 石棉瓦asbestos tile (shingle) 波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cement sheetlime, sand and stone 灰、砂和石石膏gypsum 大理石marble 汉白玉white marble 花岗岩granite 碎石crushed stone 毛石rubble 蛭石vermiculite 珍珠岩pearlite 水磨石terrazzo 卵石cobble 砾石gravel 粗砂course sand 中

22、砂medium sand 细砂fine sand cement, mortar and concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) portland cement 硅酸盐水泥silicate cement 火山灰水泥pozzolana cement 白水泥white cement 水泥砂浆cement mortar 石灰砂浆lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar 保温砂浆thermal mortar 防水砂浆water-proof mortar 耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar 耐碱砂浆alkaline-r

23、esistant mortar 沥青砂浆bituminous mortar 纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar 麻刀灰hemp cut lime mortar 灰缝mortar joint 素混凝土plain concrete 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete 轻质混凝土lightweight concrete 细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete 沥青混凝土asphalt concrete 泡沫混凝土foamed concrete 炉渣混凝土cinder concrete facing and plastering mater

24、ials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石granitic plaster 斩假石artificial stone 刷浆lime wash 可赛银casein 大白浆white wash 麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base 喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash 分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned 板条抹灰lath and plasterasphalt(bitumen) and asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt 沥青填料asphalt filler 沥青胶泥asphalt gr

25、out 冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer 沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic 沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum 石棉板asbestos sheet 石棉纤维asbestos fibertimber 木材裂缝crack 透裂split 环裂shake 干缩shrinkage 翘曲warping 原木log 圆木round timber 方木square timber 板材plank 木条batten 板条lath 木板board 红松red pine 白松white pine 落叶松deciduous pine 云杉spruce 柏木cypress 白杨wh

26、ite poplar 桦木birch 冷杉fir 栎木oak 榴木willow 榆木elm 杉木cedar 柚木teak 樟木camphor wood 防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber 胶合板plywood 三(五)合板3(5)-plywood 企口板tongued and grooved board 层夹板laminated plank 胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber 纤维板fiber-board 竹子bamboometallic materials 金属材料黑色金属ferrous metal 圆钢steelbbar 方钢squar

27、e steel 扁钢steel strap,flat steel 型钢steel section (shape) 槽钢channel 角钢angle steel 等边角钢equal-leg angle 不等边角钢unequal-leg angle 工字钢i-beam 宽翼缘工字钢wide flange i-beam 丁(之)字钢t-bar (z-bar) 冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape 热轧hot-rolled 冷轧cold-rolled 冷拉cold-drawn 冷压cold-pressed 合金钢alloy steel 钛合金titani

28、um alloy 不锈钢stainless steel 竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar 变形钢筋deformed bar 光圆钢筋plain round bar 钢板steel plate 薄钢板thin steel plate 低碳钢low carbon steel 冷弯cold bending 钢管steel pipe (tube) 无缝钢管seamless steel pipe 焊接钢管welded steel pipe 黑铁管iron pipe 镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe 铸铁cast iron 生铁pig iron 熟铁wrought iro

29、n 镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet 镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire 钢丝网steel wire mesh 多孔金属网expanded metal 锰钢managanese steel 高强度合金钢high strength alloy steelnon-ferrous metal 有色金属金gold 白金platinum 铜copper 黄铜brass 青铜bronze 银silver 铝aluminum 铅lead anti-corrosion materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene, polyethylene 尼龙nylon 聚氯乙烯pvc (polyvinyl chloride) 聚碳酸酯polycarbonate 聚苯乙烯polystyrene 丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin 乙烯基酯vinyl ester 橡胶内衬rubber lining 氯丁橡胶neoprene 沥青漆bitumen paint 环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint 氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer 防锈漆anti-rust paint 耐酸漆acid-resistant paint 耐碱漆alkali-resistant paint 水玻璃sodium silicate 树脂砂浆resin-bonded mor