人体器官英语单词解释.docx

1、人体器官英语单词解释throat 喉collar bone 颈骨rib肋骨hip髋部thigh大腿an kle踝关节neck 颈shoulder 肩膀chest胸腔elbow 肘spine脊骨wrist 腕关节knee膝盖shin小腿骨heel后脚跟toe脚趾eye眼eyelid 眼睑eyelashes 睫毛eyebrow 眉毛ear耳朵cheek脸颊forehead 额头mouth 嘴tongue舌头teeth 牙齿（复数：tooth） ch in 下巴waist 腰lip嘴唇fin ger 手指thumb 大拇指belly 肚skelet on 骨架，骨骼skull头颅，头骨brain 脑

2、in testi nes 肠heart 心liver 肝kidney 肾stomach 胃lung 肺blood vessel 血管vein 静脉artery 动脉capillary 毛细血管n erve 神经diaphragm 隔膜 in ternal orga ns 内脏stomach 胃 liver 肝脏 gallbladder 胆囊 pan creas 胰duode num 十二指肠cell （细胞）small in test ine小肠chromosome （染色体）large in test ine大肠gene （基因）caecum盲肠tissue （组织）vermiform ap

3、pe ndix阑尾organ （器官）rectum直肠blood vessel （血管）anus肛门artery （动脉）kid ney肾脏vein （静脉）bladder膀胱cerebral （大脑的）penis阴茎cerebral death （脑死亡）testicle睾丸forehead （额头）scrotum阴囊wrin kles （皱纹）urethra尿道eyebrow （眉毛）ovary卵巢eyelid （眼皮，眼睑）womb子宫eye （眼睛）splee n 脾vagi na 阴道疾病catarrh卡他,粘膜炎chicke n pox, varicella 水痘 cholera

4、霍舌Lcold感冒,伤风，着凉（head） cold 患感冒diabetes 糖尿病diphtheria 白喉eczema 湿疹epilepsy 癫痫erysipelas 丹毒gangrene 坏疽Germa n measles, rubella 风疹gout痛风headache 头痛hemiplegy, hemiplegia 偏瘫,半身不遂in terus, jau ndice 黄疸in digesti on 消化不良in flue nza, flu 流感insanity 精神病leukemia 白血病malaria 疟疾mal nutritio n 营养不良Malta fever 马耳他热

5、，波状热measles 麻疹migra ine, splitt ing headache 偏头痛miocardial in farcti on 心肌梗塞mumps流行性腮腺炎n euralgia 神经痛n eurasthe nia 神经衰弱paralysis 麻痹perito ni tis 腹膜炎phtisis痨病，肺结核 pn eum onia 肺炎 poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎 rabies 狂犬病 rheumatism 风湿病 rickets, rachitis 佝偻病 scabies, itch 疥疮scarlet fever 猩红热 sciatica坐骨神经痛 sclero

6、sis 硬化 septicemia, septicaemia 败血病 sin usitis 窦炎 smallpox 天花 swamp fever 沼地热 syncope 晕厥 syphilis 梅毒 teta nus 破伤风 thrombosis 血栓形成 torticollis, stiff n eck 斜颈tuberculosis 结核病 tumour 瘤（美作:tumor） typhus斑疹伤寒 urticaria, hives 荨麻疹 whoop ing cough 百日咳yellow fever 黄热病phary ngitis 咽炎心力衰竭：Heart failure 心力衰竭Con

7、 gestive beart failure 充血性心力衰竭Acute left-sided heart failure 急性左心衰竭Chroi nc heart failure 慢性心力衰竭In tractable heart failure 难治性心力衰竭Systolic in sufficie ncy heart failure 收缩功能不全性心力衰竭Diastolic in sufficie ncy heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰竭Con gestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭Cardiac dysfu nction 心功能障碍心律失常：Arrhy

8、thmia ( cardiac arrhythmia )心律失常Triggered activity 触发活动Afterdepolarizati on 后除极a.窦房结Si nus node recovery time SNRT 窦房结恢复时间Sino atrial co nduction time SACT 窦房传导时间Bradycardia 心动过缓Tachycardia 心动过速Si nus tachycardia 窦性心动过速Si nus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓Si nus pause (si nus arrest) 窦性停搏(窦性静止)sin oatrial block

9、 窦房阻滞(Mobitz 莫氏,Wen ckebach 文氏)Sick sinus syn drome（SSS） 病（态）窦（房结）综合征Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome 心动过缓-心动过速综合征b.心房Atrial premature beats 房性期前收缩Atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速Intrin sic heart rate 固有心率Automatic atrial tachycardia 自律性房性心动过速Ree ntra nt atrial tachycardia 折返性房性心动过速Chaotic atrial tachycard

10、ia 紊乱性房性心动过速Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with AV block (PAT with block) 伴有房室阻滞的阵发性房性心动过速Multifocal atrial tachycardia 多源性房性心动过速Atrial flutter 心房扑动Atrial fibrillati on 心房颤动c.房室交界区性Premature atriove ntricular jun cti onal beats 房室交界区性期前收缩AV jun ctio nal escape beats 房室交界区性逸搏AV jun ctio nal rhythm 房室交

11、界区性心律Non paroxysmal atriove ntricular jun cti onal tachycardia 非阵发性房室交界区性心动过速Paroxysmal suprave ntricular tachycardia(PSVT) 阵发性室上性心动过速Atriove ntricular Nodal Ree ntra nt Tachycardia(AVNRT) 房室结内折返性心动过速Atriove ntricular Ree ntra nt Tachycardia(AVNRT) 房室返性心动过速Preexcitation syndrome(Wolff-Parkinson-Whit

12、e syndrome) 预激综合征( WPW 综合征)d.心室Ven tricular tachycardia 室性心动过速Accelerated idiove ntricular rhythm 加速性心室自主节律Torsades de poin tes 尖端扭转Ven tricular flutter 心室扑动Ven tricular fibrillati on 心室颤动Atriove ntricular block 房室传导阻滞Wen ckebach block 文氏阻滞Adame-Strokes syn drom 阿斯综合征In trave ntricular block 室内传导阻滞R

13、ight bun dle bran ch block 右束支传导阻滞Left bun dle bra nch block 左束支传导阻滞Left an terior fascicular block 左前分支传导阻滞Left posterior fascicular block 左后分支传导阻滞Bifascicular block 双分支阻滞Trifascicular block 三分支阻滞心脏骤停与猝死sudde n cardiac death 心脏性猝死Cardiac arrest 心脏骤停Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) 无脉性电活动高血压：Hype

14、rte nsion 高血压Hyperte nsive crisis 高血压危象Hyperte nsive emerge ncies 高血压危症Secon dary hyperte nsion 继发性高血压Primary hyperte nsion 原发性高血压“ White coat ” hyperten白大衣性高血压4Isolated systolic hyperte nsion 单纯收缩期高血压Arteriolosclerosis 小动脉硬化先心病：Congen ital heart disease 先天性心脏病Congen ital cardiovascular disease 先天性心

15、血管病Pulm on ic ste no sis 肺动脉狭窄Isolated pulm onic ste no sis 单纯肺动脉口狭窄Coarctation of the aorta 主动脉缩窄Idiopathic dilatati on of the pulm onary artery 单纯肺动脉扩张Primary pulm onary hyperte nsion 原发性肺动脉高压Persiste nt left superior vena cava 双侧上腔静脉(左上腔静脉残存)Isolated dextrocardia 孤立性右位心Atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损P

16、artial ano malous pulm onary ven ous dra in age 咅 E分性肺静脉畸形弓 I流Ven tricular septal defect (VSD) 室间隔缺损Eisenmenger s syndrom艾 森门格综合征Pate nt ductus arteriosus(PDA) 动脉导管未闭Tetralogy of Fallot 法洛四联症Trilogy of Fallot 法洛三联症完全性大血管错位Complete tran spositi on of the great vesselsAtrial septal defect (ASD) 房间隔缺损心

17、脏瓣膜病：Multivalve heart disease 多瓣膜疾病Mitral valve disease 二尖瓣疾病Pulmo nic valve disease 肺动脉瓣疾病Tricuspid valve disease 三尖瓣疾病Ebstein s anoma三尖瓣下移畸形Dysfu nction or rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能失调或断裂Aortic valve disease 主动脉瓣疾病Aortic arch syn drome 主动脉弓综合征Valvular heart disease 心脏瓣膜病rheumatic heart dise

18、ase 风湿性心脏病Rheumatic fever 风湿热Rheumatic carditis 风湿性心脏炎Mitral sten osis 二尖瓣狭窄Mitral in compete nee 二尖瓣关闭不全Acute mitral in sufficie ncy 急性二尖瓣关闭不全Chr on ic mitral in sufficie ncy 慢性二尖瓣关闭不全Marfan s syndror马凡氏综合征Aortic ste nosis 主动脉瓣狭窄Aortic in compete nee 主动脉瓣关闭不全Chro nic aortic in sufficie ncy 慢性主动脉瓣关闭

19、不全Tricuspid ste no sis 三尖瓣狭窄Pulmo nary sten osis 肺动脉瓣狭窄Pulm onary in compete nee 肺动脉瓣关闭不全冠心病：Atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化Cor on ary atherosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Coro nary heart disease 冠状动脉性心脏病Angina pectoris 心绞痛Stable an gi na pectoris 稳定型心绞痛Un stable angina pectoris 不稳定心绞痛In itial on set an

20、gina pectoris 初发型心绞痛Accelerated angina pectoris 恶化型心绞痛Variant angina pectoris (Prinzmetal s variant ang变a型e心绞痛Angina decubitus 卧位心绞痛Acute coro nary in sufficie ncy 急性冠状动脉功能不全Post in farcti on angina pectoris 梗塞后心绞痛Acute coro nary syn drome(ACS) 急性冠脉综合征Myocardial in farctio n( Ml) 心肌梗死Acute myocardia

21、l in farctio n(AMI) 急性心肌梗死Dysfu nction of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能失调Rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌断裂Rupture of the heart 心脏破裂Embolism 栓塞Cardiac an eurysm 心脏室壁瘤Post in farction syn drome 心肌梗死后综合征缺血性心肌病Ischemic cardiomyopathySudden death 猝死感染性心内膜炎:In fective en docarditis (IE)感染性心内膜炎Native valve en doc

22、arditis自体瓣膜心内膜炎Prothetic valve en docarditis人工瓣膜心内膜炎En docarditis in in trave nous drug abusers 静脉药瘾者心内膜炎Acute in fective en docarditics(AIE) 急性感染性心内膜炎Subacute In fective en docarditis 亚急性感染性心内膜炎心肌疾病：Specific cardiomyopathy 特异性心肌病Viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ( HCM)肥厚性心肌病Asymme

23、tric septal hypertrophy (ASH) 非对称性室间隔肥厚Restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM) 限制性心肌病Dilated cardiomyopathy ( DCM)扩张型心肌病Alcoholic cardiomyopathy 酒精性心肌病Peripartum cardiomyopathy 围生期心肌病Drug-in duced cardiomyopathy 药物性心肌病Keshan disease (KD) 克山病En demic cardiomyopathy (ECD) 地方性心肌病Cardiomyopathies 心肌疾病Myocardial

24、 bridgi ng 心肌桥Myocarditis 心肌炎右室心肌病Right ven tricular cardiomyopathy致心律失常型右室心肌病Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(ARVC)Un classified cardiomyopathies,UCM)心包疾病:Purule nt pericarditis 化脓性心包炎Acute pericarditis 急性心包炎Tuberculous pericarditis 结核性心包炎Co nstrictive pericarditis 缩窄性心包炎血管疾病：Periphe

25、ral arteriosclerosis obliteration 闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化Primary arteritis of the aorta and its main bran ches 多发性大动脉炎Rayn aud syn drome 雷诺综合征Puln ess disease 无脉病Thromboa ngitis oblitera ns 血栓闭塞性脉管炎Thrombophlebitis 血栓性静脉炎Aortic dissection 主动脉夹层其它疾病：Syn drome XCardioge nic shock 心原性休克Pulm onary embolism 肺动脉栓塞Syn

26、cope 晕厥Syphlitic cardiovascular disease 梅毒性心血管病Cardiovascular neurosis 心脏血管神经官能症药物Vasodilator 血管扩张剂（phlebectasis 静脉扩张， arteriectasis 动脉扩张）Diuretic 利尿剂（thiazide diuretic 噻嗪类利尿剂； loop diuretic 袢利尿剂； potassium-sparingdiuretics保钾利尿剂）ino tropic age nt 正性肌力药（digitalis preparati on 洋地黄制剂； adre nergic recep

27、tor stimula nt肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂；phosphodiesterase in hibitor 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂）Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor （ ACE inhibitors ） （ ACEI）血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂Aldostero ne an tago nist 醛固酮拮抗剂Beta adrenergic receptor blocker （ beta blockers ） ?肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂Calcium cha nnel blocker （ CCB）钙通道阻滞剂An giote nsion n an tag oni s

28、t（A ngiote nsion n receptor blocker） 血管紧张素H受体阻滞剂Alpha blockers 受体阻滞剂Nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油Digox in 地高辛Lan atoside C 西地兰an tiarrhythic drugs 抗心律失常药lidocai ne 利多卡因Propafe none 普罗帕酮Amiodaro ne 胺碘酮 调脂药降脂药Nicoti nic acid 烟酸Clofibrate 氯贝丁酯抗血小板药物溶栓药recombi nant tissue type plasmi nogen activator ,rt-PA 重组组织型纤维

29、蛋白酶原激活剂抗凝药操作in terve nti onal therapy for cardiovascular diseases 心血管病介入性治疗Holter ECG mon itor ing 动态心电图Ultrasou nd an gioplasty 超声消融术Directi onal cor onary atherectomy 定向旋切术High freque ncy rotati onal atherectomy 高频旋磨术Laser an gioplasty 激光血管成形术Catheter ablation 心导管消融Radiofreque ncy catheter ablatio

30、n 经导管射频消融Percuta neous balloon mitral valvuloplasty(PBMV) 经皮穿刺球囊二尖瓣成形术Percuta neous balloon pulmo nic valvuloplasty(PBPV) 经皮穿刺球囊肺动脉瓣成形术Percuta neous tran slumi nal septial myocardial ablatio n,(PTSMA) 经皮经腔间隔心肌消融术Percuta neous tra nslumi nal coro nary an gioplasty (PTCA) 经皮穿刺腔内冠状动脉成形术Percuta neous in tracoro nary ste nt impla ntatio n 经皮穿刺冠状动脉内支架安置术Tra nslumi nal Extraction catheter (TEC) 经皮血管内切吸导管Artificial cardiac pac ing 人工心脏起搏Multisite cardiac paci ng 多部位心脏起搏Biatrial paci ng 双心房起搏bifocal pac ing 双灶起搏Heart