初中英语语法专题专讲非谓语动词讲解及练习2.docx

1、初中英语语法专题专讲非谓语动词讲解及练习2初中英语非谓语动词专项复习归类初中英语教材中学过的非谓语动词有现在分词、不定式和过去分词三种形式，现阶段最重要的是现在分词和不定式，因此专门在这两个方面对初中英语教材进行有效的梳理，使之系统化、条理化，便于复习和掌握。让我们先来看一下现在分词的情况：1. 介词+现在分词，构成介宾结构。1） spendin doing 花费做2） look forword to doing 盼望.3） be/get used to doing 习惯于做.4） be used for doing 被用来做.5） keep on doing 继续做.6） go on doi

2、ng 继续做.7） Stopfrom doing. 阻止.做.Preventfrom doing.Keepfrom doing8) be fond of doing 喜爱做.9）succeed in doing. 成功做10）be successful in doing 成功做11)make a contribution to doing. 为.做贡献12）thanks for doing 谢谢你做.13）prefer (doing) to doing 与做相比更喜欢做 14）devote sb.to doing sth. 献身于. 2. 动词+ 现在分词，构成动宾结构。1）finish do

3、ing sth. 做完某事2）enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣3）mind doing sth. 介意做某事4）mind not doing sth. 不介意做某事5）mind ones doing sth. 介意某人做某事 6）miss doing sth. 未7）be worth doing sth . 值得做某事8）be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事9）practice doing sth . 练习做某事10）have fun doing sth . 做某事很开心11）feel like doing sth . 想要做某事12）like doing sth

4、 . （长久的爱好）喜欢做某事 比较：like to do sth. (偶尔一次)的爱好13）stop doing sth . （停止正在做的事情）停止做某事 比较：stop to do sth. (停止正在做的事情去做另一件事)停下来去做某事14）consider doing sth . 考虑做某事15）suggest doing sth . 建议做某事16）cant help doing sth . 禁不住做某事17）prefer doing sth . 更喜欢做某事18）remember doing sth . 记得做过某事19）forget doing sth, 忘记做过某事20）av

5、oid doing sth . 避免做某事21）need doing sth .(=need to be done) 需要做某事22) love doing sth. 喜爱做某事23）allow doing sth . 允许做某事24）try doing sth. 尝试做某事25）regret doing sth . 后悔做某事（为已经做过的事而感到）26）mean doing sth . 意味着做某事27）go fishing/camping/boating 去钓鱼/去野营/去划船3. 动词+名词 /代词+现在分词，构成动词+宾语+宾语补足语结构。1） keep sb. doing sth

6、. 使某人做什么2) hear sb./sth . doing sth. 听见某人/某物正在做某事3) have no trouble doing sth . 做某事没有困难4） have no problem doing sth . 做某事没有问题5） have (no) difficulty doing sth . 做某事（没）有困难动词不定的情况如下：1.动词+名词 /代词+不定式，构成动词+宾语+宾语补足语（不定式作宾语补足语）结构.1）wish sb. to do sth . 希望某人去做某事2）want sb . (not) to do sth. 想要某人（不要）去做某事3）ask

7、/tell/order sb. (not) to do sth. 要求/告诉/命令某人（不要）去做某事4）allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事5）would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人去做某事6) encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人去做某事7）call sb. to do sth. 叫某人去做某事8) warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要去做某事9）teach sb. to do sth. 教某人去做某事10）invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人去做某事11）use sth. to do

8、 sth. 用某物去做某事12）have a chance to do sth. 有机会去做某事13）have no time to sth. 没有时间去做某事14）take messures to do sth. 采取措施去做某事15）give sb. a chance to do sth. 给某人一个机会起做某事16）regret to do sth. 很遗憾地抱歉地做.（事情还没有做）17) mean to do sth. 打算做某事2. 动词+名词 /代词+不定式，(动词不定式省略to)构成动宾补结构.1）feel sb. do sth. 感觉某人做某事2）hear sb. do st

9、h. 听见某人做某事3）listen to sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事4) let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事5）make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事6）look at sb. do sth. 看某人做某事7）see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事8）have sb.do sth. 使某人做某事9）had better (not)do sth. 最好(不)做某事其他情况：1)Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事？2)Would you please do sth.? 请你做某事好吗？3)Would rather do sth.than do s

10、th. 宁愿做什么也不愿做什么4)Would do sth. rather than do sth. 会去做什么而不会去做什么5)Prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做什么也不愿做什么3.It is +adj.+ for sb./of sb. + to do sth.动词不定式做句子的主语的情况1）Its important/necessary for you to do the work. 2）Its nice of you to help me carry the box.3）It takes sb. some time to do sth. .

11、4）Its normal to do sth.4.动词+不定式，不定式做宾语。1）aim to do sth. 目的是做什么2）promise to do sth. 答应做某事3）do ones best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力去做某事4）try to do sth. 尽力做某事5）hope to do sth. 希望去做某事6）stop to do sth. 停止去做某事7）like to do sth. 喜欢去做某事8）continue to do sth. 继续去做某事9）agree to do sth. 同意去做某事10）remember to do sth. 记住去做某

12、事11）forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事12）manage to do sth. 设法去做某事13）help to do sth. 帮做去做某事14）plan to do sth. 计划去做某事15）begin/start to do sth. 开始做某事16）need to do sth. 需要做某事18) refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事19）make up ones mind to do sth. 下定决心去做某事20）decide to do sth. 决定去做某事21）try ones best to do sth. 竭尽全力去做某事5. be +形容词

13、+不定式 表示原因，“因为而” 1） be glad to do sth . 高兴去做某事2） be happy to do sth. 高兴去做某事3) be pleased to do sth. 高兴去做某事4) be nice to do sth. 高兴去做某事5) be sure to do sth. 有把握去做某事 6） be sorry to do sth. 做某事很抱歉6.被动语态+不定式.1) be seen to do sth. 被看到做某事2）be made to do sth. 被迫做某事3）be forced to do sth. 被迫做某事4) be allowed t

14、o do sth. 被允许做某事7.不定式做目的状语.1）work hard to do sth. 努力工作为做某事2）We still have a long way to go. 我们还有很长的路要走。3）Its a wonderful place to live. 是一个居住的好地方。4）You must find a hance to go there. 你一定要找机会去那里。5）People have to study and work hard to keep up with the quick development of modern society. 人们为了赶上现代社会的快

15、速发展必须努力学习努力工作。6）People wear thick coats to do outdoor activities. 人们穿厚的衣服去做户外运动。7）do something useful to do sth. 采取措施做某事8) do everything to do sth. 做某事为做什么 Do everything to protect the environment. 做所有的事情就是为了保护环境。9）give sb. a good chance to do sth. 给某人一个做什么的好机会8.不定式作主语的补语.1）Your task is to do sth. 你

16、的任务是做什么。2) Your job is to do sth. 你的工作是做什么。3) Your work is to do sth. 你的工作是做什么。9不定式相当于形容词作定语.1）have no time to do sth. 没有时间做某事。2）Have enough food to eat 有足够的食物吃。3）have a chance to do sth. 有做某事的机会。4）Its my first time to do sth. 那是我第一次做某事。10.动词+疑问词+不定式， 相当于一个从句.1） I dont know what to do.(=I dont know

17、what I should do.)2) I wonder where to go.(= I wonder I should go.)3) I dont know when to have the meeting.(= I dont know when we shall have the meeting.)4) I want you to tell you how to do it.( I want you to tell you how you will do it.)11 不定式与whether连用I dont know whether to do that exercise.(我不知道是

18、否做这道练习题。)1.I spent two hours in _ (do) my homework.2.We look forward to _(see) our parents.3.They are used to _(live) in Shanghai.4.The knife is used for _(cut) things.5.He kept on _(write) the letter last night.6.Li Ping and Wang Lin went on _(work) after they had a rest.7.Lucy and Lily went on _(d

19、o) their homework after they had finished the work.8.The strong wind stopped them from _ (go) out.9.The river prevents us from _ (go) to school.10.I kept the children from _(fight) each other.11.He is fond of _ (play) sports.12.We succeed in _(finish) the novel.13.The scientist has made a great cont

20、ribution to _ (develop) our science and technology.14.Thanks for _ (help) me .15. I prefer _(play) basketball to _(stay) at home.16.The teacher devotes him to _(teach) his students.17. I finished _ (write) the letter just now.18.The boy enjoys _(watch) cartoons.19. I mind _ (smoke) here.20.He minds

21、not _(open) the window.21.They mind my _(smoke) in public.22. I missed _ (do) my homework.23. The book is worth _ (read).24.We are busy _ (copy) these words.25.She practices _(sing) every morning.26. They have fun _(play) computer games.27.We feel like _(do) sports.28.When the teacher came in,we sto

22、pped _(make) noise.29.We are considering _(study) is good for us.30. They suggest _(speak) English every day.31.He likes _(read) story books.32. I like _(swim) with you today.33.We stopped _(write) _(listen) to him.34.When we heard the beautiful music,we cant help _ (dance) to the music.35. I prefer

23、 _ (listen) to music.36. I remembered _ (drive) the car two years ago.37.Remember _(turn) off the light before you leave the room.38. I forgot _(tell) my father about that thing. When my father reminded me, I thougt about it.39. Dont forget _ (take) the book to school.40. He avoided _(hit) others,he

24、 ran out of the road.41.Your desk needs _(repair) ,or you wont use it again.42.We love _(swim) in the sea in the summer.43. The doctor allowed me _ (go) out of the hospital.44. The train station doesnt allow _ (smoke) in public.45. I tried _(garden) ,but didnt succeed.46. The policeman tried _(catch

25、) the thief,but he didnt catch him.47. I regret _ (disturb)you so long.48. I regret _(tell) you that you cant pass the exam.49. I mean _(study) Russia with my friends.50. Success means _(work) hard.51. He will go_ (boat) with his girlfriend.52.Why have you kept me _(wait) for two hours?53. I heard t

26、hem _(talk) in the next room in English.54. I have no trouble _(study) English.55. I wish Li Ping _(go) back soon.56. The teacher wants me _(do) my homework in time.57. He asked me _( not drink) dirty water.58. The teacher told them _(clean) the floor at once.59. Lucy would like _(go) to a movie.60.

27、They would like us_(play) soccer together.61.Our English teacher often encourages us _(work) hard at English.62.My parents called me _(finish) the work before dark.63.The policeman warned we students _(not play) in the street.64.Our P.E. teacher teaches us _(swim) every afternoon.65.My friend invite

28、d me _(have) dinner with him.66.We use cloth _(cover) our body to make us warm.67. I have a chance _(improve) my English.68. They have no time _(do) the work.69.We must take measures _(protect) the environment.70.Our school gives us a chance _(finish) the task.71. When I walked on the road,I felt someone _(look) at me.72. He once heard someone _(talk) about it.73.The teacher lets us_(read) the text one by one.74.The boss makes the workers _(work) twelve hours a day.75.They saw the boy _(play) basketball just now.76. I saw him _(wo