中译英练习题.docx

1、中译英练习题1.我们什么时候喝你的喜酒？When will you invite us to your wedding feast?2.他的英语说得真好，就像外国人一样。 He speaks English so well. He sounds like a native speaker.3. 你要有所弋获，则必须在学习中不断深入。 弋获：射而得禽。泛指擒获。 译：If you want to gain anything, you must constantly deepen your studies.Sense of Grammar新学期已经过去一个月了。One month has pass

2、ed since the new term began.假期从明天开始。The vacation begins tomorrow.Sense of Idiomaticness 地道；惯用法意识中国矿产丰富China is rich in minerals.今天食堂吃饺子。Jiaozi are served in the canteen today.吃食堂味道不好。The food served in the canteen doesnt taste good. Sense of Coherence连贯性；条理性我家里生活苦，父亲做小买卖，妈妈是家庭妇女，弟弟妹妹多，家里最大的是我，才十三岁，就

3、唱戏养家了。My family was hard up, with Father a peddler, Mother a housewife, and so many children to feed. At thirteen, as the eldest child, I acted to help support the family.办年货 to do Spring Festival shopping坐月子 the new mothers month-long confinement for relaxation1. 他本来想要多给你一点帮助的，只是他近来太忙了。 He would ha

4、ve given you more help, but he has been so busy recently.2. 从他的话音里，我能听出东西来。 I can tell something from the tone of his voice.3. 我们享受公费医疗。We are entitled to free medical care.例 1. 问题是到哪儿去找答案。The problem is where to find the answer.例 2. 科学家必须知道怎样运用数学以求得对问题的准确答案。It is necessary that a scientist know how

5、 to use mathematics to get an accurate answer to his question. 例 3. 你做什么没关系，重要的问题是你怎样做。What you do does not matter. The point /The important thing is how you do it. 例 3中的“问题”是指“关键所在”、 “要点”、“要害”、“重要的事”，可译为The point 。也可用The important thing 生活中可写的东西是很多的，问题在于发掘和提炼。There are many things in life that one

6、can write about, but the point is how to explore and select them. 例 4. 我不断参阅论述那些问题的著作。I have constantly referred to works dealing with those subjects. 例 4中的“问题”是指需要研究的“学科”或“论题”，故译为subjects。例 5.你会听到到处都在讨论这个问题。Youll find the topic being discussed everywhere.例 5中的“问题”是指人们谈论的“话题”，故译为topic。例 6.那台车床出问题了。S

7、omething has gone wrong with that lathe. 例 6中的“出问题”是指 “出了毛病”, 故译为 something has gone wrong。例 7.一路上没出问题。The trip went off without mishap.例 7中的“问题”是指“意外或不幸的事”，故译为mishap。例 1.他做事极其小心。He did his work with great care.例 2.小心不要打破鸡蛋。Be careful not to break the eggs.例 3.巡逻队必须小心,免遭敌人伏击。 The patrols must be on

8、their guard against (on the alert against )the enemys ambush. 这两口箱子轻重不一样。The two cases do not have the same weight/ do not weigh the same.工作要分轻重缓急，不要眉毛胡子一把抓。Work should be done in order of importance and urgency. You shouldnt take up/ grasp all at once.请你别见怪，他说话就是不知轻重。Please dont mind his words. He

9、simply doesnt know the proper way to talk.4. “人家”你们村子上有多少人家？How many households are there in your village? 他妹妹已经有人家了。His sister is already engaged. 这件事我是听人家说的。 I hear it from others.例1他的英语水平比我的高。He knows more English than I. 例2要奋发图强，把我军的军政素质提高到一个新的水平。We must work hard to raise to a new height the mi

10、litary and political quality of our army例3. 各级领导干部必须提高领导水平。Cadres at all levels should improve their art of leadership.2. 亲戚们送给她一笔钱作为她的学费。The relatives of hers offered her a sum of money as her tuition fee.3. 这些钱你是白送。You just throw away your money.4. 下雨了，我给你送雨伞来了。It is raining now. I have brought yo

11、u an umbrella.7. 把犯罪分子送交法院审判。Hand the criminal over to the court for trial.8. 送君千里，终须一别。Although you escort your guest a thousand miles, yet must the parting come at last.进行社会主义革命 to carry out socialist revolution进行一场激烈的争论 to carry on a spirited debate进行实地调查 to make an on-the-spot investigation进行科学实

12、验 to engage in a scientific experimentdo / conduct a scientific experiment进行核试验 to conduct a nuclear test进行表决 to put a question to vote进行亲切的谈话 to have a cordial conversation进行侵略 to commit aggression；to invade进行抵抗 to put up resistance; to resist进行协商 to hold consultation with；to consult with 进行攻击 to l

13、aunch an attack 对党员进行党的优良传统教育 to educate Party members in the Partys fine tradition取消一次会议 to cancel （call off ）a meeting取消会员资格 to deprive sb. of his membership取消决定 to rescind a decision取消禁令 to lift a ban取消诺言 to kill the promise 3. 抓：狗把他的手抓了。 The dog scratched his hand.抓住机会 grasp the opportunity抓苗头 w

14、atch out for the first sign抓生产 attach importance to production抓住机遇 value opportunities4. 上：上当 to be taken in上瘾 to be addicted (to sth.)Get into the habit上告 to complain to the higher authorities or appeal to a higher court上年纪 to be getting on in years上钩 To rise to the baitfall into a trap上任 to take u

15、p an official post/ assume office上刑 to put sb to torture我已吩咐我的手下人都上了子弹。（茅盾子夜） Ive already ordered my men to have their guns loaded.2. “好”好教徒a faithful/pious/sincere/devout/devoted Christian好父母a loving/caring parent 好儿女an obedient/filial child好妻子a virtuous wife好丈夫a dutiful/responsible husband 一次性付款lu

16、mp-sum payment；full payment; （分期付款 on hire purchase; installment）一次性拖鞋disposable slippers;一次性筷子throwaway chopsticks 一次性密码One time password一次性解决问题To solve the problem once and for all1在中国，离开了武装斗争就没有无产阶级的地位，就没有人民的地位，就没有共产党的地位。Without armed struggle, neither the proletariat ,pruletrit, nor the people,

17、nor the Communist Party would have any standing at all in China.2新老干部要互相学习，互相帮助，取长补短。Old and new cadres should learn from and help each other, to make up for each others deficiencies.3我们必须培养分析问题、解决问题的能力。We must cultivate the ability to analyse and solve problems.4这件事要尽量快办。This matter needs immediate

18、 action.5他一开口总是三句话不离本行。He can hardly open his mouth without talking shop.6多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业现象。For many years there has been serious unemployment in that country.7他的朋友们听到他家中的困难情况后，都主动伸出援助之手。After his friends heard about his family difficulties, they offered him a helping hand.8每条河流都有上游、中游和下游。Every rive

19、r has its upper, middle and lower reaches.9人们利用科学去了解自然，改造自然。People use science to understand and change nature.10我们必须认真帮助他们解决工作问题和学习问题。We must earnestly help them solve their problems of work and study.11我国少数民族有三千多万人。The minority nationalities in our country number more than thirty million.12我昨天没进城，

20、一来是因为天气不好，二来是因为我不舒服。I didnt go to town yesterday both because of the nasty weather and the fact that I was not feeling myself.13他们是多年的邻居，一旦分别，不免依依不舍。After being good neighbors for years, they cant bear to part from each other.14他把事情一五一十地都给父母讲了。He told his parents the whole story exactly as it had ha

21、ppened.在一些发达国家，手机数量已经超过了传统电话的数量。In some developed countries, the mobile phones have outnumbered the traditional telephones.来自在线交易的竞争对邮政业务构成了威胁。The online transaction is threatening the postal service.汽车业一直是环保主义者攻击的对象。The automobile industry has always been attacked by environmentalists.她每天来我们家干活扫地，擦

22、地板，收拾房间。She came over to work at our house every day - sweeping, scrubbing and cleaning.像这一类的问题有不少，如果处理不当，就很容易动摇我们的方针，影响改革的全局。There are many more issues of this kind, and if not properly handled, they could easily shake our policies and affect the overall situation of reform.我们满怀信心，昂首阔步迈向21世纪。We are

23、 advancing confidently towards the 21st century.市场商品供应丰富多彩。The market had an adequate supply of commodities.海峡两岸的中国人都是骨肉同胞，手足兄弟。The Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are of the same flesh and blood.在工作中，大家都必须杜绝浪费现象。We must put an end to waste in our work.关于利润分配问题，我们没有异议。We dont differ in o

24、ur profit distribution.孔子开创了中国教育史上的私人讲学事业。The Confucius became the first individual to initiate a private school.看到这惨状，大家立即陷入了恐慌，有人甚至有了打退堂鼓的心思。The sight of the miserable scene made people so panic-stricken that some of them even conceived 我一想到还要在这里再呆一年就浑身不舒服。The thought of spending another year here

25、 makes me physically sick.1. 这个拐角处曾发生过多起交通事故。 The corner has seen many car accidents.2. 2011年召开了十一届全国人大三次会议。 The year 2011 witnessed the convocation of the 3rd session of the 11th National Peoples Congress.3. 古今中外，在商贸市场上历来都是大鱼吃小鱼。 There exists a law at all times and in all countries that the great f

26、ish eat up the small in the world of business1. 外高桥保税区是中国大陆第一个自由贸易区，她是以出口加工和自由贸易相结合的一个综合型对外开放区域。/位于浦东新区东北端，濒临长江口，距市中心20公里。/改译：Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone is the first of its kind on Chinas mainland, or rather a comprehensive free trade zone open to the outside world characterized by free tra

27、de along with export processing. / Overlooking the Yangtze River estuary, the zone is located in the northeast end of the Pudong New Area of Shanghai, 20 kilometers from the downtown district of the city proper. /3. 我常常遗憾我家门前的那块丑石呢:它黑黝黝地卧在那里，牛似的模样;谁也不知道是什么时候留在这里的，谁也不去理会它。只是麦收时节，门前摊了麦子，奶奶总是要说:这块丑石，多碍

28、地面哟，多时把它搬走吧。I used to feel sorry for that ugly black piece of stone lying like an ox in front of our door; none knew when it was left there and none paid any attention to it，except at the time when wheat was harvested and my grandma，seeing the grains of wheat spread all over the ground in the front

29、yard of the house，would grumble: “This ugly stone takes so much space. Move it away someday.”1. 茶会上只会供应茶和蛋糕。 Only tea and cakes will be served at the tea party. 2. 石油价格自去年以来稳步上升。 3.我希望一年四季都是春天 I wish it were spring all the year round.4.今晚有人在此讲了些不该讲的话。 Something that shouldnt have been mentioned was

30、said here tonight. 5. 面包和牛奶是少数政府不打税的东西。 Bread and milk is one of the few things that the 6. 在西方，吃饭用的是刀和叉 。 In the west, fork and knife is used for having dinner.7. 当前，我国的职业教育和成人教育正在加快发展。 Vocational education and adult education are being pushed on energetically in our country.8.（政策）谁想变也变不了。No one co

31、uld change this even if he wanted to. 1. 他咳着从祖父的房间里慢慢走出来。（家）原文中的“咳着”显然是表示状态的次要动词，因而在译文中转换成分词短语，这种译文句子就主次分明，层次感很好。Coughing, he strolled out of the room of Grandpa.2. 妻在屋里拍着闰儿，迷迷糊糊哼着眠歌。（荷塘月色）显然，“拍着闰儿”是主要动词，而”哼着眠歌”是次要成分，故可译成伴随状态的分词短语。In the room, my wife was patting the son, Run-er, sleepily humming a cradle song.3. 双方见面寒暄几句，甚至海阔天空地聊一番就各自走开四个动词连用。 “双方见面”是表示时间关系的从属成分，在译文中译成时间状语，“寒暄几句” 和“聊一番”则是并列关系，可译成两个并列谓语