初中英语语法复习形容词副词的比较等级.docx

1、初中英语语法复习形容词副词的比较等级初中英语语法复习：形容词、副词的比较等级 1.原级：表示A与B在某方面相同。 句型：1) A + 谓 + as + 原级 + as + B 2) A + 谓(否定) + as/so + 原级 + as + B A与B在某方面不同 注意：not as / so as = less than 不及;不如 eg. 1)This girl is as beautiful as that one. 2)You dont eat so much as I 3)This book isnt as interesting as that one = This book is

2、 _ _ _ that one 2.比较级：两者实行比较(常与than连用) 1)I am cleverer than you 我比你聪明。 2)He runs faster than Jim 他比Jim跑得快。 3)I picked more apples than Jim.我比你摘的苹果多。 4)Which is more interesting， this one or that one? 哪本书更有趣，这本还是那本? 3.级：三者(或三者以上)实行比较(常与表范围的in ， of短语连用) ( 注意：of + 个体名词单数 in + 集合名词 ) eg. 1)Shanghai is t

3、he biggest city in China. 2)He runs fastest in our class. 3)He is the tallest of the three boys. 4)Which is the easiest， Lesson1， Lesson2 or Lesson3 ? 4.形、副比较等级的其他用法 1) “比较级and 比较级” 表示 “越来越” eg. lazier and lazier 越来越懒 (但注意：如果多音节词用此结构时应为 more and more + 形、副) eg. more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 2) “the比

4、较级，the比较级” “越，越” eg. the more， the better 多多益善 _ you are， _ you will get. 你越懒，收获越少。 3) “the比较级of +二者” “二者中较的一个” eg. 1) Lucy is the younger of the twins. 2) Of(A) the two books(B) this one(C) is thicker(D). 4)表示二者相差多少用 “具体数量 + 比较级” eg. Hes a head taller than me. My brother is two years older than me

5、5)表示“是几倍”时用“twice; three times等 + asas” eg. 1)This book costs twice as much as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。 2)He has four times as many books as I have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。 6)区别older / elder与farther / further older(年龄较老的) elder(指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的) eg. My _ brother is _ than me. farther (指距离“较远的”) further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的

6、”) eg.1)He went abroad for _ studies. 2)Fusun is _ from our school than Zhaohua. 形、副比较等级还应注意 1.比较级前用a little ; much / a lot ; even / still来增强语气，表示“一点儿;得多 ; 更” eg. 1) a little bigger 大一点儿 2)much more 多得多 3)even heavier更重 但注意：不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite等。 2.比较级必须是同类事物相比(即as; than后的词应与主语是同类事物)，注意常用漏的代

7、词有：that; those; one; ones eg. 1)The apples (A) in this basket (B) are redder (C) than in that basket(D). 2)This knife (A) isnt (B) so (C) new as that (D). 3)Our classroom (A) is (B) bigger (C) than Lily(D). 3.个体与整体相比，不能包括个体，常用“any other + 单数名词”来实行比较。 eg.1)Betty(是个体) is cleverer than any student in h

8、er class(是整体). ( ) 正：Betty is cleverer than any other student in her class. =Betty is cleverer than anybody else in her class. =Betty is the cleverest in her class. (特别注意以上三种句型的转换) 2)China is bigger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。 3) China is bigger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的

9、任何一个其他国家大。 4.使用级时应把主语包括在范围内。 eg. Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( ) (all her sisters已排除了Mary) 改：Mary is the tallest of all the sisters. 5.表示“第二、第三”时，可在级前加“second ， third， ”(但“第一”不能用first) eg. The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China. 改错： 附：形、副比较级和级的变化规则 A、规则变化 1.“辅 + y”结尾，变y为

10、i加er ， est (但“形 + ly ”构成的副词除外) 2.双写加er ， est 3.直接加 er ， est / r， st 4.在多音词前加more ， most (以“形 + ly ”构成的副词也在前加more ， most) B、不规则变化 原级比较级级 good/well better best many/much more most bad/ill/badly worse worst little less least old older/elder oldest/eldest far farther further farthest furthest 另外： 1) 以-e

11、r ， -ow ， -ble ， -ple结尾的双音节词加er， est / r， st. narrow simple able 2) tired pleased 3) often friendly 4)在形容词的级前一般加the， 副词的级前一般不加the (但当形容词级前有物主代词、所有格时则不再加the)。 eg. Lily is my the best friend.(改错) 5)形容词作表语、定语，修饰名词(但部分形容词不能作定语，只能表语：ill ; alone ; asleep ; afraid ; interested ; excited ; surprised ). 副词作状

12、语，修饰动词。 练 习 一、写出下列词的比较级和级 thin _ _ easy early _ _ new hot _ _ clever little _ _ late narrow_ _fat many _ _ big dangerous wonderful careful slowly popular 二、选择填空 ( )1.Which language is _ ， English， French or Chinese? A. difficult B. the difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult ( )2.Yangpu Br

13、idge is one of _ in the world A. bigger bridge B. the biggest bridge C. the biggest bridges D. bigger bridges ( )3.Tom is taller than Mike. But he is not _ Mike. A. strong as B. so strong as C. so strong D. as strong ( )4.Most of the people in Guangdong are getting _. A. more and rich B. more rich a

14、nd more rich C. richer and richer D. rich and rich ( )5.This text is _ easier and _ interes- ting than that one. A. more ; much B. much ; more C. more ; more D. much ; much ( )6.Which do you like _， beef， pork or chicken? A. good B. well C. better D. best ( )7.Put on more clothes. It is snowing _ ou

15、tside. A. strongly B. heavy C. heavily ( )8.John drives as _ as Tom. A. carefully B. good C. nice D. fine ( )9.Is China larger than _ in Africa. A. any country B. any other country C. any countries D. all countries ( )10.My _ brother is _ than I. A. elder， three years older B. older ; older C. older

16、; three years elder D. elder ; elder ( )11.Li Mei is more beautiful than _ in her class. A. any girl B. any other girl C. all the girls D. any girls ( )12.This problem is _ than that one. A. ten times easy B. ten times easier C. ten times more easy D. ten time easier ( )13.This film is _ interesting

17、 than that one. A. more B. much C. very D. the most ( )14.There is _ in todays newspaper. A. interesting nothing B. nothing interesting C. interested nothing D. nothing interested ( )15.The teacher asked all the students in the class to keep their eyes _. A. close B. to close C. closing D. closed (

18、)16.The fat man always says his meat looks _ and sells _. A. good ; good B. well ; well C. good ; well D. well ; good ( )17.It seems that men are _ making computers than women. A. better at B. good at C. well in D. weak in ( )18.The words population is growing fast every minute， especially in some _

19、 countries A. west B. more developed C. east D. less developed ( )19.This bridge is not _ long and wide _ the one in my hometown. A. so ; as B. very ; than C. too; as D. very ; as ( )20.I think the song in the film “Titanic” is _ one of all the movie songs. A. the most beautiful B. most beautiful C.

20、 much more beautiful D. a beautiful ( )21.Lin Tao is as _ as Zhang Hua. A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest ( )22.Sara is _ tired _ move after the hard work. A. very ; to B. quite ; to C. too ; to D. so ; that ( )23. Jack didnt run _ to catch the bus. A. enough fast B. quickly enough

21、 C. enough slow D. slowly enough ( )24.The driver is very _. He often drives his car _. A. careful ; careful B. carefully; carefully C. carefully ; careful D. careful ; carefully ( )25.Look! All the children are working _ on the farm. A. careful B. hard C. busy D. happy ( )26.The population of Shang

22、hai is _ than that of Xian. A. smaller B. fewer C. much D. larger 附动词的四种形式 A、动三单的变法 1) “辅+y”结尾， 变y为i加es 2) “以s; sh; ch; x; o结尾， 加es 3)直接加s 但have-has B、现在分词的变法 1)去e加ing (e不发音) 2)双写加ing (“辅元辅”结尾且重读，y;w列外) 3)直接加ing 写出下列动词的现在分词 1.see_e _3.stop 4.open _5.listen_6.drop 7.prefer_8.fix_ 9.relax 10.die _11.t

23、ie _12.lie C、动词的过去式和过去分词 (一)不规则变化(见课本不规则变化表P255) (二)规则变化 1) “辅+y”结尾，变y为i加ed 2)双写加ed 3)直接加ed 写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词 1.drop _ _2.stop 3.prefer 4.study _ _5.try 6.fix _ _ 7.relax 附情态动词(can/ could; may/ might; must; should)+动原 1.must(必须)neednt(不必) may(能够)mustnt(不许;不准;不能够) 2.注意几个题： 1)May I go with you? No， you

24、_. 2)Must I turn off the light now? Yes， you _/ No， you 附动词不定式与动名词 A、动词不定式作宾补 1)tell / ask / want sb to do 否定式：tell/ask/want sb not to do 2)省to不定式作宾补 即：(l， m， n， 3h， 2看， 1f) sb do llet; mmake; nnotice; 3hhear， have， help; 2看see， watch; 1ffeel 但注意：1)help sb (to) do (to可省、可不省) 2)在改作被动语态时省去的to应还原 eg. Someone heard him sing in the room. He was heard to sing in the room. B、动词不定式与动名词的区别 1.(hope; learn; want=would like; decide) to do 2.(enjoy; finish; keep; mind; practise) doing