初中英语 语法 比较级及最高级.docx

1、初中英语 语法 比较级及最高级初中英语比较级和最高级练习及讲解（含答案）一般情况下加-er 或est young-yonger-yongest old older -oldest tall-taller -tallest small-smaller -smallest2. 以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r 或- stnice nicer-nicest safe safer -safest3. 重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母，再 加-er或-est. 重读闭音节三要素：1. 必须是重读音节；2. 最后只有一个辅音字母；3.元音字母发短元音bigbigger -biggest fat

2、fatter-fattest4. 以“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为“i”，再加-er 或-est.early-earlier-earliest thirsty-thirstier-thirstiest5.部分双音节词或多音节词前面加more ,most.如:interesting more interesting most interestingfamous more famous most famous原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfaroldolder el

3、deroldest eldestYoung longFull short smallOld fine easyHungry early heavy Big redHealthy many famousIll exciting carefullywet hotlittle few形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad 规则变化如下: 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾

4、加 -r 和 -st 构成。 wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。 big (原级) (比较级) 6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需

5、用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级)? (比较级) (最高级)difficult (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: 原级-比较级-最高级 good-better-bestmany-more-mostmuch-more-most bad-worse-worst far-farther, further-farthest, furthest 形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不 important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 形容词比

6、较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。 Our teacher is we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。 This picture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。 The s

7、un is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。 She is student her class. 她是班上最好的学生。 Shanghai is one of cities China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。 This is apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。 Tom is boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩形容词、副词的比较等级1.原级

8、：表示A与B在某方面相同。句型：1) A + 谓 + as + 原级 + as + B 2) A + 谓(否定) + as/so + 原级 + as + B A与B在某方面不同注意：not as / so as = less than 不及；不如eg. 1)This girl is as beautiful as that one. 2)You dont eat so much as I 3)This book isnt as interesting as that one = This book is _ _ _ that one2.比较级：两者进行比较（常与than连用）1)I am cl

9、everer than you 2)He runs faster than Jim3)I picked more apples than Jim.4)Which is more interesting, this one or that one?3.最高级：三者（或三者以上）进行比较（常与表范围的in , of短语连用）( 注意：of + 个体名词单数 in + 集合名词 )eg. 1)Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 2)He runs fastest in our class. 3)He is the tallest of the three b

10、oys. 4)Which is the easiest, Lesson1, Lesson2 or Lesson3 ?4.形、副比较等级的其他用法 1) “比较级and 比较级” 表示 “越来越”eg. lazier and lazier 越来越懒(但注意：如果多音节词用此结构时应为 more and more + 形、副)eg. more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 2) “the比较级，the比较级” “越，越”eg. the more, the better 多多益善 _ you are, _ you will get. 你越懒，收获越少。 3) “the比较级of

11、+二者” “二者中较的一个”eg. 1) Lucy is the younger of the twins. 2) Of(A) the two books(B) this one(C) is thicker(D). _ 4)表示二者相差多少用 “具体数量 + 比较级”eg. Hes a head taller than me. My brother is two years older than me5)表示“是几倍”时用“twice; three times等 + asas”eg. 1)This book costs twice as much as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书

12、的两倍。 2)He has four times as many books as I have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。6)区别older / elder与farther / further older（年龄较老的） elder（指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的）eg. My _ brother is _ than me. farther (指距离“较远的”) further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的”)eg.1)He went abroad for _ studies. 2)Fusun is _ from our school than Zhaohua. 形、副比较等级还应注意1.比较级前用a l

13、ittle ; much / a lot ; even / still来加强语气，表示“一点儿；得多 ； 更”eg. 1) a little bigger 大一点儿 2)much more 多得多 3)even heavier更重但注意：不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite等。2.比较级必须是同类事物相比（即as; than后的词应与主语是同类事物），注意常用漏的代词有：that; those; one; oneseg. 1)The apples (A) in this basket (B) are redder (C) than in that basket(D). _2

14、)This knife (A) isnt (B) so (C) new as that (D). _3)Our classroom (A) is (B) bigger (C) than Lily(D). _3.个体与整体相比，不能包括个体，常用“any other + 单数名词”来进行比较。eg.1）Betty(是个体) is cleverer than any student in her class(是整体). ( )正：Betty is cleverer than any other student in her class.=Betty is cleverer than anybody

15、 else in her class.=Betty is the cleverest in her class.(特别注意以上三种句型的转换) 2)China is bigger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。 3) China is bigger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的任何一个其他国大*4.使用最高级时应把主语包括在范围内。eg. Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( )(all her sisters已排除了Mary)改：Mary is

16、the tallest of all the sisters.5.表示“第二、第三”时，可在最高级前加“second , third, ”（但“第一”不能用first）eg. The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China. 改错：_1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred.2. Yingtian is not as _ (tall) as Yongxian.3. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li

17、 Deming looks _ (fat) than before after the summer holidays.4.Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken?5.- How _ (tall) is Sally?- She s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling?-She s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). She is much _ (short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short) girl in the class.6. He is _

18、(bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world.8. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange is a little _ (big) than a

19、n apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ (beautiful) than her sister.13. My room is not as _ (big) as my brother s.14.-How difficult is physics? -I m not sure.- Is it _ (difficult) than maths? - I don t think so.15.-

20、Annie plays the piano very _ (well).- Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _ (well).16. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).18. I think it s too expensive. I d like a _ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much _ (early) than I.20.This

21、 book is not as _ (interesting) as that one.21. Your classroom is _(wide) and _(bright) than ours.22. Practise as _ (much) as you can.23. The _ (much), the _ (good).24. Nowadays(现在) English is _( important ) than any other subject, 1 think.25. Most of the students think a lion is much _(dangerous) t

22、han a bear and it is the _ (dangerous) animal in the world.1. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as 2 When we speak to people, we should be .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3 This book i

23、s_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive 4 I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5 His father began

24、 to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while21. I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important( ) 2 This pencil is_ than that one.A longest B. long C. longer D. as long ( ) 3 My mother is no _ young.A

25、. shorter B. longer C. little D. few ( ) 4 These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot 6. Mrs Black has got_ instead of ge

26、tting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse3( ) 1 When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 2 The house is small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so 3 Through the w

27、indow we can see nothing but _ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 4 -Whats your brother like?-He is_.A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 5 The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl 6 Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much4( ) 1 The earth is about_ as the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big( ) 2