18版江苏七情态动词和虚拟语气.docx

1、18版江苏七情态动词和虚拟语气专题七情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词的核心考点1can，be able to 和could(1)can和be able to都表示能力，意思上没多大区别。但can只有现在和过去时，而be able to则有更多的形式。但当成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用could而用was/were able to来表示。这时was/were able to 相当于managed to，表示经过一番努力，终于能够完成某事。Her mother can speak French.The wounded man was still able to get to the village

2、and was saved by the villagers in the end.(2)表示猜测“可能”，一般用于疑问句和否定句。Can the news be true?It cant be true.Someone is knocking at the door.Who could it be?(3)can可以表示理论上的可能性，指常有的行为或情形，意为“有时会”。Anybody can make mistakes.(4)表示请求、允许(表请求时，口语中常用could代替can使语气更委婉，回答时用can)。Can I go now?Could I come to see you tom

3、orrow?Yes，you can.(否定答语可用No，Im afraid not.)(5)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。How can that be true？I cant believe my eyes and ears.How could you be so careless?(6)can的特殊用法。can but只有；cant but不得不；cant.too再也不为过，越越好I can but wait.I cant but wait.You cant be too patient to the customers.题组训练1用can，could，

4、be able to的适当形式填空1Though the building was on fire，they _ go out safely.2It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.3Hows your new babysitter?We _ not ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.4The police still havent found the lost child，but theyre doing all they _.5You _ be too

5、careful when driving.2may和might的用法(1)表示允许、请求，might比may的语言更委婉一些。May I watch TV now?Yes，you may.(Yes，please.)No，you mustnt.(No，youd better not.)(2)表示可能性时，might比may的可能性小，may表示的可能性比can小(主要用于陈述句、肯定或否定句，疑问句用can代替)。The story may not be true.(3)表示祝愿(不用might)May you succeed!(4)may/might as well最好还是，不妨You mig

6、ht as well do it now.(5)may/might well很可能He may well be late for class.题组训练2用may，might的适当形式填空1I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He _ not come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.2I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How

7、 unbelievable to get it back! I mean，someone _ have stolen it.3As a student，you _ as well make good use of your time.4You _ go to school either by bike or by bus.5_ she rest in peace.3must，have to和ought to的用法(1)must表示“必须，应该，一定要”。强调主观看法，只有现在时形式，否定式是must not(mustnt)。must开头的问句，其否定回答要用neednt或dont have t

8、o代替。(2)must表示必然的结果。All men must die.(3)must还可表示主语固执、偏要做他人不希望做的事。It cant help；he must do that.(4)have to着重客观需要，能用于更多时态(过去时或将来时)。He will have to be there before ten.(5)ought to表示义务和责任，“应该”，比should语气要强。You ought to take care of yourself.4need和dare的用法(1)need表示“需要，必要”，只能用于否定句和疑问句。在肯定句中，常用must和have to代替。(

9、2)dare表示“敢”，通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。Dare you go home alone at eleven in the evening?(3)need和dare的特殊用法need表“需要”时，可用want，require代替。The desk needs to be repaired./The desk needs repairing.dare作实义动词时，在肯定句中要接to，在疑问句和否定句中to可省去。He dares to catch a snake.I do not dare (to) complain.Do you dare (to) swim in the

10、river?题组训练3同义句改写1He darent go out at night.He _ _ _ go out at night.2The flowers need watering.The flowers need _ _ _.5will和would的用法(1)will表示请求、建议，常用于第二人称。Will you please go with me?表示意愿、决定、允许。I will never do that again.表示习惯性动作或某种倾向，“总是，惯于”，通常用于第三人称。Rosa will always be late for school.(2)would表示请求、建

11、议，比will委婉，指现在时间，多用于第二人称。Would you like a cup of tea? 表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向。We would play badminton on Sundays.6shall和should的用法(1)shall用于第一、三人称，在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求。Shall I come in?用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示命令或威胁。You shall do as your father says.(2)should表示责任、义务，意为“应该”。表示惊讶语气，意为“竟然”。You should wear slippers in class.用于条件句

12、，表示“假如，万一”，省去if，should可提至句首。Should you be late，apologize to the teacher.7情态动词表示推测或判断的用法下表即是表示推测的情态动词使用的场合：情态动词对现在和未来的推测对过去的推测使用场合mustmustdomust have done肯定句may/mightmay/mightdomay/might have done肯定句、否定句can/couldcan/could docan/could have done否定句、疑问句(could可用于肯定句)should用来表示一种估计的情况“按理会/估计会”should dosho

13、uld have done肯定句、否定句、疑问句情态动词have done的用法：(1)should have done表示“本来应该做某事而实际上未做”，而shouldnt have done则表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”。You should have told me about it earlier.You shouldnt have said such words to your parents.(2)ought to have done也表示“本应该”，而ought not to have done则意为“本不应该”。You ought to have told me abou

14、t it earlier.You ought not to have said such words to your parents.(3)neednt have done表示“本无必要做某事而实际上做了”。You neednt have walked so quickly since time was enough.(4)could have done表示“本来有可能而事实上未做到”。I could have come on time，but my car broke down on the way.(5)may/might have done表示“过去可能发生过某事”或“本来应该或可以做某

15、事(实际上没做)”。You might have given him more help，but you were so busy.题组训练41I _(我本来可以帮助你的)，but I was too busy then.2Its Sunday. He _(不可能上学去了)3You know the story very well. You _(可能读过) before.4You _(一定是睡得很晚) last night. Your eyes are red.5I _(本应该做作业) last night，but I went to the cinema.感悟高考11I love the w

16、eekend，because I _ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.(2016北京，31)Aneednt BmustntCwouldnt Dshouldnt2Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late.I really _ go now.My daughter is home alone.(2015北京，29)Amay BcanCmust Ddare3It was so noisy that we _ hear ourselves speak.(2015浙江，4)Acouldnt Bshouldnt

17、Cmustnt Dneednt4Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again.Oh，its too bad.You _ have made full preparations.(2015福建，27)Amust BcanCwould Dshould5You _ be careful with the camera.It costs！(2015四川，2)Amust BmayCcan Dwill6You _ be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.(2015重庆，12)Amust Bcan

18、Cwill Dshall7I still remember my happy childhood when my mother _ take me to Disneyland at weekends.(2014四川，6)Amight BmustCwould Dshould8Ive ordered some pizza，so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired.(2014重庆，3)Acant Bdare notCneednt Dmay not9_ I have a word with you？It wont take long.(201

19、4北京，27)ACan BMustCShall DShould10Life is unpredictable；even the poorest _ become the richest.(2014江西，30)Ashall BmustCneed Dmight11Although you _ find bargains in London，its not generally a cheap place to shop.(2014大纲全国，30)Ashould BneedCmust Dcan12People are recycling many things which they_away in t

20、he past.(2014安徽，30)Ahad thrown Bwill be throwingCwere throwing Dwould have thrown13Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.Do you mean we_ bring anything with us？(2014湖南，25)Acant BmustntCshant Dneednt14No one_ be more generous；he has a heart of gold.(2013天津，9)Acould BmustCdare Dneed15Why are y

21、our eyes so red？You_have slept well last night.Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.(2013四川，5)Acant BmustntCneednt Dwont虚拟语气的核心考点1虚拟语气用于条件状语从句(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)，而主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might动词原形”。If I were you，I would buy that house.If he had time，he should go with

22、 you.(2)表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/might/couldhave过去分词”。If he had taken my advice，he would have succeeded in passing the examination.(3)表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时或“should/were to动词原形”，而主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/could/might动词原形”。If it were to rain tomorrow，the football matc

23、h would be put off.(4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。If they had worked hard，they would be very tired now.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)题组训练5用所给动词的正确形式填空1Maybe if I _(study) science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.2If I _(have) time next week，I would go to the p

24、arty.3If I _(be) you，I should go and see the dentist at once.4If you had arrived at the station ten minutes earlier，you _(catch) the train.5If he were you，he _(miss) the concert last night.2虚拟语气用于名词性从句(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。“wish宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“wo

25、uld/could动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had过去分词”或“could/shouldhave过去分词”。I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer.I wish I could fly like a bird.在表示建议、要求、命令等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。常见的动词有：suggest，advise，propose，demand，require，insist，request，command，order等。She

26、 suggested we (should) leave here at once.The doctor ordered she should be operated on.(2)虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。表示建议、要求、命令等的名词，如advice，idea，order，demand，plan，proposal，suggestion，request等，其后的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词用“(should) 动词原形”，should可以省略。His suggestion that we (should) go to Shanghai is wonderful.My idea i

27、s that they (should) pay 100 dollars.(3)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“(should)动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。It is necessary (important，natural，strange，etc.)that we (should) clean the room every day.It was a pity (a shame，no wonder，etc.)that you (should) be so careless.It will be desired (suggested，decid

28、ed，ordered，requested，proposed，etc.)that she (should) finish her homework this afternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气；反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。It is a pity that you cant swim.题组训练6用所给词的适当形式填空1Where are the children？The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they _(be，not) always l

29、ate.2It is requested that Class Two _(give) a performance at the English evening.3He insisted that a deadline_(set) for completing the task.4My suggestion is that we_(go) without delay.5The doctor has given advice that the patient _(give) up smoking.3虚拟语气在其他场合的运用(1)虚拟语气在as if/as though，even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，