英语沪教版八年级下册电子书单词.docx

1、英语沪教版八年级下册电子书单词沪教版Unit1新版深圳牛津版英语八年级下册必记单词voyage n.航行American adj.美洲的continent n.大陆discovery n.发现rise v.变得更加成功（或重要、强大等）develop v.增强，加强relation n.关系，交往trade n.贸易 v.以物换物，互相交换foreign adj.外国的Africa n.非洲nowhere adv.无处，哪里都不silk n.丝织物，丝绸besides prep.除.之外（还）development n.发展，壮大pioneer n.先锋，先驱people n.民族，种族wea

2、lth n.财富spread v.传播短语归纳1.open up 开辟2.trade routes 贸易路线3.set off 出发4.go on a trip 去旅行5.set up 建立，设立6.set sail 起航7.At that time 在那时8.(be) known as 被称为9.As well as 也，还10.too.to. 太.而不能.11.Grow up 长大12.pay attention to 注意13.Hand in 上交14.look for 寻找15.Around the world 世界各地16.such as 例如17.At the end of 在.末

3、端18.quantities of 大量的19.Not .until 直到.才.20.Because of 因为，由于21.Compare.with. 把.与.对比22.between .and.在.和.之间用法集萃1.how to do sth. 如何做某事2.order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事3.It seems that. 似乎.4.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事5.want to do sth. 想要做某事6.keep doing sth. 一直做某事7.one of the +形容词的最高级+可数名词复数，最.之一8.need to d

4、o sth. 需要做某事9.tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事10.would like to do sth, 想要做某事11.Why dont we/you do sth.? 我们/你们为什么不做某事呢？12.形容词/副词+enough to do sth. 足够.能做某事经典句型1.They were big enough to carry 25,000 people as well as very large quantities of goods.它们足够大，能携带25000人以及大量的货物。2.At the end of each voyage, Zheng He

5、 returned with many things that were seen in China for the first time, such as a giraffe from Africa.在每次航行结束，郑和带回了许多在中国第一次见到的东西，比如一只非洲长颈鹿。3.It has become one of the biggest companies in the country.它已经成为了这个国家最大的公司之一。重点语法 1.结果状语从句2.too.to3.enough tosuch+a/an+adj.+单数名词+that从句She is such a pretty girl

6、that everyone likes her.so+adj.+a/an+单数名词+that从句It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.such+adj.+名词复数+that从句They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two.such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it.so+adj./adv.+that从句This book is so interest

7、ing that I have read it three times.He spoke so fast that we couldnt understand him.so+many/few+名词复数+that从句There were so many people that we could hardly move on.so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句There is so little milk that I have to buy some.重点、难点分析 1.Learn to ask for repetitionrepeat v. 重复 (something th

8、at happens again, especially something bad)repetition n.Sorry, could you repeat that? Mike patiently repeated that he had to work that day. The best way to learn English is through repetition. 2. This was nearly a century before Christopher Columbus first set sail on his journey of discovery to Amer

9、ica. discover v. -发现; 找到discovery n. The body was discovered in a field. His friends were shocked to discover how ill he was. make a discovery 发现 (C)the discovery of oil in Alaska 在阿拉斯加发现石油 (U)nearly adv. 几乎，差不多辨析：nearly 与 almostnearly 与almost 在大多数情况下可换用。但almost 所表达的程度比nearly 更接近一些。He is almost/near

10、ly as tall as her. 他差不多与她一样高。nearly可以和not 连用，但不能与其他否定词连用. almost 可与no, none,never,nothing,nobody等连用。That film is not nearly as interesting as this one.Her parents almost never go to the zoo.3. His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.develop v. 发展; 研发; 增强; (使)

11、成长/发展development n. developing 发展中的developed 发达的The students developed their reading skills further during this term.They have developed an interest in international affairs.China is a developing country while America is a developed country. a course on the development of the Greek thought 关于希腊思想发展的

12、课程foreign adj. 外国的 -foreigner n. 外国人 Can you speak any foreign languages?I thought she sounded foreign. 我觉得她说话像外国人。Many foreigners came to Shenzhen during the Universiade in 2011. foreign trade 对外贸易4. He rose to become a trusted official of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. rise v. 变得更加成功(或重要,

13、 强大); 升高; 上升; 过去式 rose - 过去分词 risen He rose to become chairman of the company. 他升为公司的董事长。Smoke rose from the chimney. 烟从烟囱中升起。Our teachers told us that he sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (n.) The workers were offered a 3% pay rise. (提升; 增加)a sudden rise in sea level 5. Besides developing

14、 trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies.trade v./n. 贸易; 以物易物; 互相交换 - trader n. 商人; 买卖人Trade in ivory has been banned since 1990. 象牙交易从1990开始就禁止了。A lot of pubs (小酒馆) nowadays do most of their trade during lunchtimes. To the surprise of many Wall Street traders, t

15、he dollar rose yesterday. 使很多华尔街经纪人吃惊的是昨天美元上涨了。besides prep. 除了之外, 还 (区分)besides/except/except for Besides 除之外（还） 有附加的含义Except 除之外含有拍它的含义Except for 除之外,只是 表示对主要部分的肯定和对部分的否定He gets up very early every day except Sunday. 他每天早起，除了星期天。The competition was good except for a few spelling mistakes.这篇作文写的很 好

16、，除了几处拼写错误。He had other people to take care of besides me. 除我之外，他还要照顾别人。6. People still remember him as a pioneer in opening up cultural contacts between different peoples around the world.1.people n. 名族; 人; (1)人; 人们 (plural) How many people were there at the meeting?I dont care what people think. (2

17、)名族; 人民; 种族He said that he would never lie to the American people. 他说他永远不会对美国人民撒谎。the peoples of Europe 欧洲各国7. To look for more wealth.wealth n. 财富 (a large amount of money) - wealthy adj. 富有的 rich the wealthy = people who have a lot of money, possessions Lots of explorers were sent by the emperor t

18、o look for wealth. He was born in a wealthy family. (类似单词) health; luck; noise; 天气的名词+y 形容词 拓展look 的其他相关短语Look around 四周环顾look at 看着look back 回头看，回顾Look down on 轻视look after 照顾,照料look forward to 盼望,期待Look like 看上去像look out 小心,留神look through浏览Look up查询，抬头看结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由sothat, suchthat, so that引导。例

19、如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.(2)sothat语such.that可以互换。例如：在由so.that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “.so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.Th

20、e hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever（几乎不，从来不） see her.在由suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could

21、almost touch the ceiling.（天花板）He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to mis

22、s it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema（去看电影） with you.语法知识总结. 结果状语从句(1)so + adj./adv. + that (2)such a/an

23、+ adj. + n. + that (3)such a/an + adj. + n. = so + adj. + a/an + n. (4)so + adj./adv. + that (5)such a/an + adj. + n. + that (6)such a/an + adj. + n. = so + adj. + a/an + n. 注意: so many/few + 可数名词复数 +that so much/little + 不可数名词 +that 2. too (for sb.) to do 3. adj./adv. + enough (for sb.) to do enoug

24、h + n. to do 重点词汇1.explore v. 探险；探测；探索；考察I just wanted to explore on my own.我只想独自考察一下。Many boys dream to explore the universe. 许多男孩子梦想探索宇宙的奥秘。【同根词】explorer n. 探险家，探测者， 探测器Zheng he was a famous Chinese explorer. 郑和是一位著名的中国探险家。exploration n. 探测，探究Social development suggests universal exploration. 社会的进

25、步促使人类做出对宇宙空间的探索。2.repetition n. 重复The best way to learn vocabulary is through repetition. 学习词汇最好的办法就是通过重复的方式。【同根词】repeat v. 重复Can you repeat your question?你能重复一遍你的问题吗？【搭配】repeat after sb. 跟某人读 = read after sb. Repeat after me: a, b, c请跟我读：a, b, crepeat oneself (不自觉地) 重复自己说过的话Mrs. Fardell repeats her

26、self a bit, but she is very good for 85. 法德尔太太说话有点重复，但作为85 岁的人她头脑非常清楚。3.discovery n. 发现The discovery of America is generally referred to Columbus. 一般人都说美洲是哥伦布发现的。【同根词】discover v. 发现The Curies are best known for discovering radium. 居里夫妇最为出名的是发现了镭。discoverer n. 发现者In general, comets are named after th

27、eir discoverers. 总的来说，彗星是以发现者的名字命名的。【搭配】make a discovery 发现Astronomers have made great discoveries about our galaxy.天文学家们在我们的星系中已有了重大的发现。4.developv. 增强，加强，（使）成长，（使）发展His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.他的人物是和外国加强联系并建立贸易路线。Children develop very rapidly. 儿童

28、成长得很快。【同根词】developed adj.发达的America is a developed country. 美国是一个发达的国家。developingadj. 发展中的China is the biggest developing country. 中国是最大的发展中国家。developmentn. 发展，成长Wars stunted the development of science in the world. 战争使世界的科学发展受到了压制。5.rise v. 使得更加成功（或重要，强大等）；升高，上升（riseroserisen）Zheng he rose to becom

29、e a trusted official of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dinasty.郑和成为了一位受到明朝永乐皇帝信任的官员。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳在东方升起，西方落下。【同根词】 rise n. 升迁，成功，升起， 增加The fifteenth century saw the rise of a new social class-the merchant class.15世纪见证了一个新的社会阶级商人阶级的兴起。The railworkers were offered a

30、 3% pay rise. 铁路工人获得了3% 的加薪。【拓展】 rise 和raise 的区别：rise 不及物动词，意为“升迁，成功，升起， 增加”，后面不能加宾语；raise 及物动词，意为“举起，提起，抬起，使升高”后面必须加宾语。如：The balloon rose gently into the air. 气球缓缓地升上天。Can you raise your arm above your head? 你能把胳膊举过头顶吗？6.foreign adj. 外国的Students in many countries have to learn at least one foreign

31、language.在很多国家，学生必须学习至少一门外语。【同根词】 foreigner n. 外国人Many foreigners came to visit Shenzhen during the Universiade in 2011.在2011年大运会期间，很多外国人来深圳游玩。【搭配】 foreign language 外语foreign country 外国foreign culture 外国文化 foreign trade 外贸7.trade n. 贸易 v. 以物易物，互相交换China has a long history of trade with the Middle East. 中国与中东有着永久的贸易历史。They had years of experi