海明威论文.docx

1、海明威论文 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many people have given me a hand in the process of writing of this thesis. First of all, I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to my supervisor, Zhang Yuan, whose critical comments and sound advice in the process of writing this thesis have be

2、en invaluable. Without his valuable instructions, correct guidance and help, this thesis can not have come into being. At the same time, I am also grateful for all my teachers who have given me excellent lectures and great help, which are indispensible to the completion of this thesis. Secondly, my

3、sincere gratitude also goes to all the writers whose works have been referred to this thesis. I would like to show my gratitude for all those students who kindly and seriously wrote the compositions, which were used as the corpus in this study. Without their writings, this research would not have be

4、en able to be conducted. Thanks for their help. Finally, I would like to thank all my roommates who have helped me examine my thesis and also give my hearty thanks to my parents who have supported me all the time. AbstrctSince the emergence of modern film of art, famous films, which draw inspiration

5、 from the traditional famous novels or straightly take the famous novels as scripts appeared abundantly. Ernest Hemingway was an eminent writer in America and a giant of mordernist fiction,well versed in modern narrative art, for which he was awarded Nobel Prize in 1954. His great work A Farewell to

6、 Arms has been brought on the big screen three times, and each of them have received both praise and criticism. Current researches of Hemingways A Farewell to Arms mainly focus on language style and the code hero in his novel. Less attention has been paid to the comparison of the film adaptation and

7、 the original script in character shaping. Traditional research takes faithfulness as the only golden rule when it refered to the relationship between film adaptation and the original script, under which condition, innovation or reinterpretation is not allowed to some extent. However, with the devel

8、opment of the film art, the golden rule was broke by directors and actors, and all as a result, many famous novels are being filmed and presented to audiences in a innovative and intresting way. This thesis will make a comparison of film adapted and the original which is based on Hemingways A Farewe

9、ll to Arms from the perspective of character shaping. Key words: Ernest Hemingway, A Farewell to Arms, film adaptation, the original script, character shaping.自现代电影艺术产生至今, 从传统小说名著中汲取灵感或直接以小说名著为蓝本的影片比比皆是。海明威是美国知名作家和文坛巨匠，他精通现代叙事艺术，并于1954年被授予了诺贝尔文学奖。他的巨著永别了，武器也曾被三次改编成电影搬上银幕，每次都是褒贬参半。当前关于海明威的作品永别了，武器的研究

10、主要集中于语言风格和海明威式的英雄，很少有人关注电影改编与原著在人物塑造上的差异性对比分析。传统研究将忠实性作为电影改编与原著关系唯一的黄金法则，在这种条件下，任何的创新和再造都是不被允许的。随着电影艺术的发展，这条黄金法则被导演和演员们打破了，结果大批的著名小说都以创新和有趣的形式被呈现给观众。这篇论文将以海明威的永别了，武器为蓝本，从人物塑造的角度对电影改编与原著进行比较分析。关键词：欧内斯特海明威，永别了，武器，电影改编，原著，人物塑造。1. Introduction Ernest Hemingway was a famous American author and journalist

11、, whose influence on literature and later generations can not be ignored to some extent when it comes to the study of American literature. His works include The Old Man and Sea, For whom The Bell Tolls as well as A Farewell to Arms arose great sensation in the world and won him great reputation, whi

12、ch made him the Nobel Prize winner in 1954. Since then his works have attracted much attention and have been widely studied both at home and abroad. Especially A Farewell to Arms has been adapted into films three times respectively by director Frank Borsage in 1932, director John Huston in 1957 and

13、director Richard Attenborough in 1997. However, there are some differences as to the charater shaping in those three films when compared with the original work by Ernest Hemingway. Since film as a new media which can provide a direct picture to the audiences has a limitation in time and place, as a

14、result of which it can not give a full and sound representing of the original work. As to those who never read the original work but watch the films adapted may have a misunderstanding in the characters. Some scholars are in favor of such kind of adaptation and place the films in the same position w

15、ith the original work. According to those scholars, film is text as the original works whose difference only lies in the form. Since film tend to present the plot in a direct way and could be enjoyed by lots of people together in a limited time. By contrary, the original works can only be read in an

16、 indirect way and imaginary plays an important role in such kind of reading. Moreover, both the film and the original works are emphasized on different understandings and perspectives. However, there are still some people holding the opposite view since they have a strong belief of the original work

17、, as a result of which they are against any kind of adaption in case of the misunderstanding between the reader and the author. Since novel and film are both art forms concerned by narrative theory which share the same theory background. This thesis intends to make a comparison of the original works

18、 and the film from the perspective of character shaping in order to make a clear classification of those two kinds of art form. The thesis is an interdisciplinary subject which combine the film study and literature study. The thesis is composed of four parts as following. In the first part, the thes

19、is will give a brief intruduction of the research currency, the study background as well as literature review. The organization of the thesis will be referred to as well. In the second part, the thesis intends to present the plot and main characters in the original script A Farewell to Arms. In the

20、meanwhile, three films adapted from it will be introduced respectively. In the third part, the thesis will deal with the literature review, in which part, the researches that have been done in this field or related with this thesis will be covered. In the fourth part, the thesis will make a comparis

21、on of the film adaptation and the original script. At the same time, the classification of film types will be referred to as well. In the last part, the thesis will give a brief conclusion.1.1 Literature Review The thesis intends to make an analysis of the differences of characters between the adapt

22、ed films and the origina, so the literature review can be divided into two parts: one is about study on the relationship between adapted film and original; the other is the researches on Hemingways A Farewell to Arms. As to the second study, there are many papers having been written on it. The novel

23、 A Farewell to Arms has been attracted much attention since it is published. The study of this work focused on three fields: narrative style, language style and the theme in the novel. According to Li Zhongzheng and Gao You, there are two themes expressing in this novel: love and war, they made a de

24、tailed analysis of the text based on those two themes. As to Zhu Yuan, the language and rhetorical style deserves a good appreciation in that novel, especially the depiction of protagonist, which is vivid and leaves a deep impression on readers. Considering the research on the relationship between f

25、ilm adaptation and original text, there are lots of papers having been done on this field as it is a new and popular topic nowadays. According to 2.1 Introduction of Ernest Hemingway As an outstanding and influential writer, Ernest Hemingway has been wildly studied both at home and abroad. Researche

26、s on Hemingways work in China mainly focused on his narrative style, his language feature as well as death in his works. However, less attention has been paid to the comparison of his original work and the film adapted. Inspired by the recent trend of comparison between the original work and the fil

27、m, for example, sense and sensibility, Jane Eyre, Red Sorghum and so on, this thesis will compare the A Farewell To Arms with the film adapted.2.2 Background of A Farewell to Arms The background of this novel is the first world war and the love story between Henry and Catherine is the main clue. A F

28、arewell to Arms has two ways to interpret, which is in correspondence to its themes:love and war. To put it in a simple way, since arms can refer to weapons, in which sense it has something to do with the war. On the other hand, arms can be a metaphor to hugs,which has strong relationship with love.

29、 Hemingway is able to suffuse the entire novel with the power and pathos of an elegy: A Farewell to Arms, which Henry narrates after Catherine s death, confirms his love and his loss.2.3 Plot of A Farewell to Arms Henry volunteered as an ambulance driver who devoted himself to the war while Catherin

30、e is a nurse who serve the wounded in the hospital. Henrys injury at the front brought them together again and at which time they found that they have fallen into love with each other deeply. Henry has to part with his beloved and be back to the front in an unwilling sense, even though Catherine was

31、 pregnant at that time. To Henrys disappointment, the soldiers anti-war sentiment was very high and he narrowly escaped death at the hands of fanatical Italian soldiers who are executing officers separated from their troops during the Italians disastrous retreat following the Battle of Caporetto. He

32、 rendezvoused with Catherine in an Italian resort and after a short sojourn they fled to Switzerland on the eve of Henrys arrest for deserting. In Switzerland, their child is born dead, and Catherine dies shortly after due to hemorrhages. Only left Henry in the world lonely. The Hemingway expressed

33、his great hatred for the war and described the lost generations revolt against the society by turning to alcohol, drug and sex. 2.4 Introduction of characters in A Farewell to ArmsFrederic HenryHenry is characterized as a man with high duty who contributes himself to the war without any sense of honor,