历年翻译真题.docx

1、历年翻译真题Text1.2007年试题It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history. History and news become confused, and ones impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism. (46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings

2、are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served as much to connect different peoples and nations as is the recent events in Europe. The Europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples, their cultures and national identities. With this in mind we can begin to anal

3、yze the European television scene. (47) In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. One Italian example would be the Berlusconi group while

4、 abroad Maxwell and Murdoch come to mind. Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete complete in such a rich and hotly-contested market. (48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in a fact underline

5、d by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution. (49) Creating a “European identi

6、ty” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice - that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs r

7、elate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own. In order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co-productions, the exchange of news, documentary services and training. This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a

8、 European bank will handle the finances necessary for production costs. (50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “Unity we stand, divided we fall” -and if I had to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity.” A unity of objectives that nonetheless respe

9、ct the varied peculiarities of each country. 重点词汇：phase / feiz / n. 1 阶段, 状态 2 相, 相位 v. 定相 例 pass through three phases 经历三个阶段 同义 aspect, stage, stateflexible / 5fleksEbl / adj. 柔韧性, 易曲的, 灵活的, 柔软的, 能变形的, 可通融的 例 We can visit your company on Monday or Tuesday; our plans are fairly flexible. 我们可以在星期一或星期

10、二到你们公司来,我们的计划是相当灵活的。 同义variable, adjustable 反义 inflexible / in5fleksEbl / / adj. 不屈的, 不屈挠的, 顽固的 派生 flexibility / 7fleksE5biliti / n. 弹性, 适应性, 机动性, 挠性demonstrate / 5demEnstreit / vt. 1 示范 2 证明, 论证 vi. 示威 例 He demonstrated how to use the new machine. 他演示怎样使用这台新机器。 同义 clarify, display, illustrate ,show

11、 派生 demonstration / 7demEns5treiFEn / n. 示范, 实证 survive / sE5vaiv / v. 幸免于, 幸存, 生还 例 Few survived after the flood. 洪水过后，生还者极少。 同义 continue, outlast, outlive, remain 派生 survival / sE5vaivEl / n. 1 生存, 幸存, 残存2 幸存者, 残存物 underline / 7QndE5lain / vt. 1 在.下面划线 2 作.的衬里 3 强调 n. 下划线 例 Words with single under

12、line are to be set in italics. 字下面有一条底线的字排斜体。 派生 underling / 5QndEliN / n. 部下, 下僚, 下属, 走卒 fabric / 5fAbrik / n. 1 织品, 织物, 布2 结构, 建筑物, 构造 例 She bought some fabric to make shirts from. 她买了做衬衫的布。 同义 cloth ,goods, material, textile 派生 fabricable / fAbrIkEbl / adj. 能加工成形的 entail / in5teil / vt. 1 使必需；使蒙受

13、, 使承担 2 遗传给 n. 建限定继承权 例 Writing a history book entails a lot of work. 写一本历史书需要下很大功夫。 同义require, demand ,call for 派生 entailment / in5teilmEnt / n. 律(不动产)继承人之限制 固定搭配 entail . on sb. 使某人负担.； 把.遗留给某人；entail . upon sb. 使某人负担.；把.遗留给某人 handle / 5hAndl / n. 1 柄, 把手, 把柄 2 口实3手感 vt. 1 触摸 2 运用3买卖 4 处理, 操作 vi.

14、1搬运 2 易于操纵 n. 计句柄 例 She handled a difficult argument skillfully. 她巧妙地应付了一场艰难的辩论。 同义 carry on, deal in, direct, feel, finger, govern, manage ,manipulate, regulate 派生 handler / 5hAndlE / n. 处理者, 管理者, 训练者, （尤指拳击）教练（或助手）, （犬马等的）训练者 scale / skeil / n. 1刻度,衡量2比例,数值范围,比例3天平,等级 vt. 依比例决定,攀登,测量 vi. 1剥落2生水垢 3

15、 攀登3衡量 例 This ruler has one scale in centimeters and another in inches. 这把尺子上有厘米和英寸二种刻度。 同义degree, graduation, proportion , ratio, layer, plate翻译题解：46Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served as much to connect different pe

16、oples and nations as is the recent events in Europe.句子分段：Television is one of the means | by which these feelings are created and conveyed- | and perhaps never before has it served as much to connect different peoples and nations | as is the recent events in Europe.句子结构：前半句：简单句+定语从句修饰means，后半句：倒装句+a

17、s引导的状语从句。词的处理：means 手段；create 引发；convey 传递；serve 作用参考翻译：电视是引发和传递这些感受的手段之一在欧洲近来发生的事件中，它把不同的民族和国家连到一起，其作用之大，前所未有。 47In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relati

18、on to one another.句子分段：In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups | which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses | that work in relation to one another.句子结构：1）简单句+定语从句修饰groups. 2）定语从句中套定语从句修饰publishing houses.词的处理：multi-m

19、edia 传媒集团；publishing houses 出版社参考翻译：在欧洲，像在其他地方一样，传媒集团越来越成功：这些集团将相关的电视、广播、报纸、杂志和出版社组合在一起。 48This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in

20、 1989.句子分段：This alone demonstrates | that the television business is not an easy world to survive | in a fact underlined by statistics | that show | that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.句子结构：1）主干：主语+谓语+宾语从句2）伴随状语：定语从句修饰fact，再套定语从句修饰statistics.词的处理： tel

21、evision business 电视行业；loss 亏损参考翻译：这一点就足以证明，要在电视行业里生存下来并非易事。统计数字尤其说明了这一事实，在80个欧洲电视网中，多达一半在1989年亏损。 49Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice - that

22、of producing programs in Europe for Europe.句子分段：Creating a “European identity” | that respects the different cultures and traditions | which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent | is no easy task and | demands a strategic choice - | that of producing programs in Europe for Europe

23、.句子结构：1）主干：Creating a “European identity” is no easy task and demands. 2）主语从句内套定语从句修饰different cultures and traditions 3）最后，定语从句修饰choice.词的处理：European identity 欧洲品牌； fabric编织；参考翻译：不同的文化和传统把欧洲大陆编织成一体，要创造出一种尊重这些不同文化和传统的“欧洲品牌”绝非易事，需要人们在欧洲制造出适合欧洲的节目战略性选择。 50In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, i

24、t is no exaggeration to say “Unity we stand, divided we fall” -and if I had to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity.”句子分段：In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say | “Unity we stand, divided we fall” and | if I had to choose a slogan | it would be “Unit

25、y in our diversity.”句子结构：1）前半句：形式主语it+is+表语+真实主语；2）后半句：if引导的状语从句。词的处理：deal with 应对；scale 规模；slogan 口号参考翻译：在应对如此规模的挑战时，可以毫不夸张地说；“联合，我们就生存；分裂，我们就灭亡”。如果我不得不选择一个口号，那将会是“多样性中的联合”。全文翻译：来谈论大众媒体在欧洲历史具有压倒性地重要意义的阶段中所起的作用并不是件容易的事。历史和新闻混为一谈，人们的印象往往夹杂着怀疑论和乐观主义。电视是引发和传递这些感受的手段之一在欧洲近来发生的事件中，它把不同的民族和国家连到一起，其作用之大，前所

26、未有。如今组成欧洲的无外乎它的人民，文化和国家身份。明白了这一点，我们可以开始分析欧洲的电视情况。在欧洲，像在其他地方一样，传媒集团越来越成功：这些集团将相关的电视、广播、报纸、杂志和出版社组合在一起。意大利的B集团就是一个例子，同时还有国外的马克斯韦尔和默多克。显然，只有最大并且机构最灵活的电视公司才有能力完全投入这样一个充满激烈争夺的市场的竞争。这一点就足以证明，要在电视行业里生存下来并非易事。统计数字尤其说明了这一事实，在80个欧洲电视网中，多达一半在1989年亏损。此外，欧洲团体的一体化将迫使电视公司在生产和销售领域更加紧密地合作。不同的文化和传统把欧洲大陆编织成一体，要创造出一种尊重

27、这些不同文化和传统的“欧洲品牌”绝非易事，需要人们在欧洲制造出适合欧洲的节目战略性选择。而这需要减小我们对北美市场的依赖程度，它们有关经历和文化传统的电视节目和我们的是不同的。为了完成这些目标，我们必须更加关注合作的作品，新闻的交流，纪录片服务和培训。这同样要求欧洲国家之间协议成立一个处理生产开销必需财政的欧洲银行。在应对如此规模的挑战时，可以毫不夸张地说；“联合，我们就生存；分裂，我们就灭亡”。如果我不得不选择一个口号，那将会是“多样性中的联合”。目标统一却注重每个国家不同的特性。Text2.2006年试题Is it true that the American intellectual i

28、s rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected America. But they have done that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. I

29、t is they, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral proble

30、ms. He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that

31、 of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectualsthe average scientist for one. (48) I have excluded him because, while his a

32、ccomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine dutieshe is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think a