初中一般过去时--精讲.ppt

1、一般过去时态,一般过去时态（The Simple Past Tense)介绍,1.定义：一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用；也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语连用。2.谓语动词变化：1.be 动词 2.行为动词（实义动词）3.时间状语：yesterdaylast night in 1990 two days ago 等,返回首页,巧记时态,什么是一般过去时？,动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。,行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。,所有时态都是通过动词变化来表现的

2、,谓语构成,1.动词 be2.动词 have,has3.助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式,was,were,had,did,一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外),I went to school yesterday.They went to school yesterday.,I _ 12 years old this year.,我去年11岁.,I _ 11 years old last year.,He _ in Beijing now.,他昨天在上海。,He _ in Shanghai yesterday.,他现在在北京。,Please l

3、ook at the sentences,我今年12岁.,am,was,is,was,They _ in China today.,他们今天在中国。,They _ in Japan yesterday.,他们昨天在日本。,are,were,am/is,was,are,were,每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋和牛奶。,I _ eggs and milk for breakfast every morning.,昨天，早餐我吃面条。,I _ noodles for breakfast yesterday morning.,他每天都吃水果。,He _ fruit every day.,昨天他吃了3个苹果。,He

4、 _ 3 apples yesterday.,have/has,had,have,has,had,had,I get up at 6:30 every morning.I _ up at 9:00 last Sunday.,He plays football every afternoon.He _ basketball yesterday afternoon.,He does his homework every evening.He _ some reading last night.,动词原形、第三人称单数,动词过去式,got,played,did,They dont watch TV

5、in the evening.They _ TV last night.,She doesnt play basketball after school.She _ basketball after school yesterday.,Do you go to school on foot every day?_ you _ to school on foot yesterday.,Does he go to school by bus every day?_ he _to school by bus yesterday?,dont/doesnt,do/does,didnt,did,didnt

6、 watch,didnt play,Did,Did,go,go,一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成,规则变化1.一般加ed,2.以e结尾加d,3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed.,work,worked,change,changed,prefer,preferred,stop,stopped,规则动词过去式的构成1、一般词尾加-ed。如：staystayed help-helped ask-asked looklooked watch-watched2、e结尾的只加-d。如：hopehoped love-loved dance-danced liveli

7、ved live-lived 3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed.如：stopstopped plan(计划)planned drop-dropped beg-begged4、以“辅音字母+y”结尾，y改为i,再加-ed。carry-carried study-studied hurry-hurried 5.不规则变化.(见不规则动词表P148),过去式加-ed 的读音1、在清辅音后，读清辅音/t/。worked/kt/helped/pt/passed/st/washed/t/watched/t/2、在浊辅音和元音后，读浊辅音/d/。played/d/carr

8、ied/id/answered/d/lived/vd/used/zd/called/ld/3、在/t,d/音后面,读/id/。wanted/tid/needed/did/,finished enjoyedshoutedmoved,helped wantedcalled needed,/t/,/d/,/Id/,/d/,/d/,/t/,/Id/,/Id/,grow-grewknow-knewthrow-threwblow-blewwrite-wrotedrive-drove ride-rodeget-gotforget-forgotlend-lentsend-sentspend-spentsay-

9、said*/sed/pay-paidstand-stoodunderstand-understoodlet-let put-putcut-cut read-read*,am,is-was are-were do-did go-went have-hadsee-sawcan-couldmay-mightdig-dugeat-atefind-foundmake-madehear-heardrun-rantake-tookhold-heldspeak-spokeleave-left,keep-keptsleep-sleptsweep-swepttell-toldsell-soldbegin-bega

10、nsing-sangsit-satswim-swamring-ranggive-gave bring-broughtbuy-boughtthink-thoughtteach-taughtcatch-caughtcome-came become-became,不规则动词的过去式,巧记不规则动词过去式1.中间去e，末尾加t 如：keepkept，feelfelt，sleepslept，sweepswept2.结尾d变t 如：buildbuilt，lendlent，sendsent，spendspent3.遇见i改为a 如：ringrang，sitsat，drinkdrank，singsang，sw

11、imswam，beginbegan，givegave,4.“骑(马)”“开(车)”“写(字)”把i变o 如：riderode，drivedrove，writewrote5.“想”“买”“带来”“打仗”ought换上 如：thinkthought，buybought，bringbrought，fightfought6.“教书”“抓住”aught切莫忘 如：teachtaught，catchcaught7.ow/aw改为ew是新时尚 如：knowknew，growgrew，throwthrew，drawdrew8.“放”“让”“读”过去式与原形一样 如：putput，letlet，readread

12、/red,写出下列动词的过去式：,runborrowgrowwatchwritesmileopenbeginswimcarrystudyfinish,uselivewakekeepsaycleanbuyplaylearnseereadstop,gothinkbehappengivebecomegetrainstaypassanswer,wentthoughtwas/werehappenedgavebecamegotrainedstayedpassedanswered,usedlivedwokekeptsaidcleanedboughtplayedlearnt/edsawreadstopped,

13、ranborrowedgrewwatchedwrotesmiledopenedbeganswamcarriedstudiedfinished,三、一般过去时基本用法,1.表示在过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态Liu Jie got up at 7:10 this morning.He was a student three years ago.2表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。Zhang Yuan always went to school by bike last year.3表示已故人所做的事情。Lei Feng helped lots of people in his life.(雷锋一生

14、帮助了许多人。)4.表示过去所发生的一系列动作，用一般过去时。Miss Liu got up at seven oclock this morning,dressed,had breakfast,and went to work.,四、一般过去常用时间状语一般过去时一般都有明显的时间状语，它们可以是单词/短语或从句。1.yesterday,yesterday/morning/afternoon/evening，the day before yesterday等；2.last night(week，month，winter,year,Monday,Tuesday)等；3.“时间段+ago”：a

15、moment/two days/a short time ago,an hour ago等；4.由“介词+一时间名词”短语：on Friday,on Monday morning,on April 15,on the night of Oct.1,in 1998，5.频度副词：often,always,但是句中必须有last year等修饰；6.其它：then,just now,once,以及由after或before构成的介词短语等7.由某些表示过去时态的从句等。e.g.I got up at five yesterday,but I didnt get up so early this m

16、orning.Did he watch TV last night?I was in Grade One last year.,1.与ago 连用：a momenttwo minutesthree hoursfive daysone weeksix monthsfour years,ago,用于一般过去时的时间状语,last,timenightweekmonthtermMonday,yesterday,morningafternoonevening,the day before yesterday,2.与last 连用,3.与yesterday 连用：,4.与one 连用：,one,morni

17、ngevening dayMonday afternoon,5.与that 连用：,that,morningwinterdayyear,just nowin the old daysin those daysin 1980the other dayat that timeonce upon a time,6.其他时间状语：,1。肯定句：主语+行为动词过去式 主语+be动词过去式(was/were)e.g.We played football yesterday.I was in the office last night.,一般过去时的肯定句,行为动词一般过去时的否定式,一般过去时的否定式是在

18、动词原形前加助动词did not(didnt).,主语+didnt+动词原形,I _ them the news.,I _(tell)them the news yesterday.,didnt tell,told,行为动词一般过去时的疑问式,一般过去时的一般疑问式在句首加助动词did,Did+主语+动词原形？,They _(finish)their work at four.一般疑问句:,_ they _ their work at four?Yes,they _.No,they _.,finished,Did,finish,did,didnt,行为动词一般过去时的疑问式,一般过去时的特殊疑

19、问式,疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？,They finished their work at four.,A,B,对划线部分提问A:B:,What did they do at four?,When did they finish their work?,T,注意,1.外加助动词did后,动词须返回原形。,Did he went to school yesterday?Did he go to school yesterday?,F,2.简略回答用助动词did/didnt代替行为动词。,Did he find the boy yesterday?Yes,he did.No,he did no

20、t(didnt).,1.look2.live3.stop 4.go5.hope6.trip 7.call 8.eat 9.want 10.are,11.go 12.have13.do 14.get e16.say 17.see 18.put19.read20.take,looked,lived,stopped,went,hoped,tripped,called,ate,wanted,were,went,has,did,got,came,said,saw,put,read,took,写出下列动词的过去式,21.buy 22.sing 23.hear24.make25.find 26.break

21、27.think 28.fall 29.write30.be,bought,made,found,broke,thought,fell,wrote,was/were,sang,heard,I.改错题How is Jane yesterday?_He gets to school at six yesterday._He often goes home at 6:00 last month._I can fly kites seven years ago._Did you saw him just now._Tom wasnt watch TV last night._I did my home

22、work later._He wait for you three hours ago._ Who find it just now?_,was,got,went,could,see,didnt,will do(am going to do),waited,found,III.句型转换They came to China in 1990.(变一般疑问句)_ they _ to China in 1990?2.I was ill for two days last week?(同上)_ you ill for two days last week?3.The twins go to school

23、 on foot every day.(同上)_ the twins _ to school on foot every day?4.She washed the clothes last Sunday.(变否定句)She _ _ the clothes last Sunday,Did,come,Were,Do,go,didnt,wash,1.Lucy did her homework at home.(改否定句)Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2.He found some meat in the fridge.(变一般疑问句)_ he _ _ meat in the fridge?3.She stayed there for a week.(对划线部分提问)_ _ _ she _ there?4.There was some orange in the cup.(变一般疑问句)_ there _ orange in the cup?,didnt do,Did,find any,How long did,stay,Was,any,