英语高中必备英语现在完成时技巧全解及练习题含答案及解析.docx

1、英语高中必备英语现在完成时技巧全解及练习题含答案及解析【英语】高中必备英语现在完成时技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、单项选择现在完成时1Over the past 12 months the company _ a 10 percent improvement.Amanaged BmanagesChad managed Dhas managed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的12个月里，该公司取得了10%的进步。表示“过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果”，用现在完成时，故选D。2He is the only one of the students who _ a wi

2、nner of scholarship five times up to now.Ais BareChave been Dhas been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：他是唯一一位三年奖学金获得者的学生。句中的先行词为the only one，在定语从句中作主语，故谓语动词用单数。根据句中的时间状语for three years，故时态用现在完成时。故D正确。3With the wide use of e-business, the way of shopping we were used to a lot.Achange BchangingCchanged Dha

3、s changed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：随着电子商务的广泛应用，我们习惯的购物方式发生了很大的变化。we were used to是一个定语从句，先行词是the way of shopping，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去，用现在完成时，故选D。4In the past twenty years, a huge amount of environmental damage _ by air pollution.Ahas been caused Bhave been causedCwas caused Dwere cau

4、sed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的二十年里，空气污染已经对环境造成了很大的危害。“in the past +一段时间”一般与现在完成时连用，故排除C，D。分析可知，句子的主语a huge amount of environmental damage和谓语cause之间是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态。主语为单数，谓语动词也要用单数。故选A项。【点睛】a huge amount of意为“大量的”，修饰不可数名词。本题中environmental damage为不可数名词，由a huge amount of修饰，a huge amount of environment

5、al damage为主语表示单数，所以谓语动词要用单数。5Only since the Industrial Revolution _ in places away from their homes or been left to raise small children without the help of multiple adults.Amost people have worked Bhave most people workedCmost people had worked Dhad most people worked【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查倒装和时态。句意：就是从工业革命

6、开始，多数人去远离他们家的某些地方工作或是被留下来养育孩子，没有许多成年人帮助。“only时间状语”放在句首，句子需用部分倒装；再根据since可知用现在完成时，故选B。6 Would you care for a cup of tea? It tastes pretty good. I one. Thank you just the same.Ahave had Bhad Cwould have Dwill have【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：你想喝杯茶吗?味道很好。我已经喝过了，我仍然谢谢你。结合句意可知此处用现在完成时态，故选A。7We have done things w

7、e ought not to have done and undone things we ought to have done.Aleaving BleftCwill leave Dleave【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时。句意: 不该做的事我们都做了,留下该做的事都没做。句子主干是个并列句，即we have done things we ought not to have done和left undone things we ought to have done，所以have done和have left是并列谓语，其中have相同，省略，只不过两个并列句里分别含有一个定语从句，

8、第一个分句中we ought not to have done作things的定语，第二个分句中we ought to have done作things的定语。故选B选项正确。8They_for ten years.Ahas been married Bhave been marriedCgot married Dmarried【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查marry的用法。句意：他们结婚有十年的时间了。marry作不及物动词时有两种用法：get married to sb.（表动作）/be married to sb.（表状态）；作及物动词时有marry sb.，根据for ten year

9、s可知，此处应当用be married to sb.强调状态，用现在完成时。故B选项正确。9Either the beautiful sights of this modern city or its local custom_ thousands of visitors during the past years.Ahave attracted Bwere attracting Chas attracted Dwas attracting【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：无论是这座现代化城市的美丽景色还是当地的风俗习惯在过去的这些年都已经吸引了成千上万的游客。由“du

10、ring the past years”可知，这句话使用现在完成时。“eitheror”作主语时，谓语动词形式与or后主语保持一致，its local custom是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。【点睛】during the past+时间段， in the the past +时间段，in the recent +时间段都表示到现在为止的前一段时间，时态都用现在完成时。所以由本句话中的during the past years可知，这句话使用现在完成时。10- When will the bike-sharing schemes be introduced to

11、 the public?- Not until a better understanding of them.Awill we have had Bhave we hadCwe will have had Dwe have had【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查not until 位于句首时，句子使用部分倒装句的用法。句意：-什么时候共享单车计划才会向公众开放呀？-直到我们对他们有一个更好的了解的时候，就会开放了。not until位于句首时主句部分倒装，而until引导的时间状语从句不用倒装。再联系本句时态，说的是以后的事，所以主句用将来时态，从句用现在时态，故选D。11Television

12、is more than an electronic equipment; it _ a powerful tool for communication.Awas becoming Bhas become Chad become Dwill become【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意: 电视不仅仅是一种电子设备； 它已成为强大的交流工具。根据前文的is可知本句应该用现在时。根据句意，这里表达的是电视“已经成为”强大的交流工具，是过去发生的事到现在造成的结果，所以用现在完成时，故选B项。12Never _met such a person before.Adid I BI haveCh

13、ave I DAm I【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查倒装句及时态。句意：我以前从未见过这样的人。根据句意可知，此处强调对现在的影响，应使用现在完成时。never位于句首时，句子要求使用部分倒装，助动词提前。故C选项正确。13Ladies and gentlemen, due to the heavy rain, the star who you _ to see perform will arrive in an hour.Ahave come Bcome Ccame Dare coming【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：女士们，先生们，由于下大雨，你们来看演出的明星将在一小时

14、后到达。现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果或过去的动作延续到现在，根据语境，人们来看演出，come的动作已经发生，并且现在还在，所以用现在完成时，故选A。14How much do you know about the Winter Olympic Games to be held in Beijing?Well, the media _ it in a variety of forms.Acover Bhave coveredCwould cover Dcovered【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：关于将在北京举办的冬奥会你了解多少？嗯，媒体已经用各种形式进行了报道。根

15、据句意可以判定出，本题用现在完成时态，强调过去的事情对现在的影响还存在。故C正确。15Tom _on the essay for two hours but he _only a hundred words by now.Ahas been working;has written Bhas been working;writesCworked ;written Dworded;writes【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态。句意为：Tom一直忙着写论文两个小时了，但是到现在为止他只写了100多个词。由后半句可知Tom现在还在写文章，故第一个空用现在完成进行时，第二个空强调到现在为止已经

16、写完100个词了，所以用现在完成时，故A正确。【点睛】此题的简体关键是根据时间状语判断句子的时态。第一空根据时间状语for two hours，可知应该用能延续的动词的现在完成时态，再根据后半句到目前已经写了100个词了，由此可知现在仍在写，因此第一空应该用现在完成进行时。而第二空的时间状语为by now，因此用现在完成时即可，所以用has written。16- Have we _ water? - Yes, _. Wed better get some.Agiven out; we have run it out Brun out of; our water has run outCuse

17、d up; our water has been run out Drun out; our water is running out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们用完水了吗？是的，我们的水已经用完了。我们最好去取点水。动词短语run out of意为“用完，耗尽”，该短语可以用于被动语态；run out意为“用完”，这是一个不及物动词短语，后面不接宾语，没有被动语态形式，排除CD项；use up意为“用完”，该短语有被动语态形式。短语give out分发，散发。该短语与句意不符，排除A项；故B项正确。17She _Mr White for two years.Amar

18、ried Bhas been married toCmarried with Dhas bee marrying【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：她已经嫁给怀特先生两年了。和某人结婚或嫁给了某人，用be married to sb。for+时间段，要用完成时。故此空填has been married to，综上所述，故选B。18The disease is a huge blow for the farmers. Hundreds of them _ their animals, livelihood and hopes destroyed and many other

19、s fear they _ the same fate.Ahave seen; will suffer Bsaw; sufferedChad seen; was to suffer Dsee; suffer【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：这种疾病对农民来说是一个巨大的打击。数以百计的人目睹了他们的动物、生计和希望被摧毁，还有许多人担心他们会遭受同样的命运。结合句意可知第一空用现在完成时态；第二空用一般将来时态。故选A。19By now 516 Confucius Institutes _in 142 countries and regions, according to the Co

20、nfucius Institute Headquarters.Afounded Bwould foundChave been founded Dhad been founded【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：根据孔子学院总部的统计，到现在为止，全世界142个国家和地区已经建立了516个孔子学院。主语516 Confucius Institutes和found之间是被动关系，该句应用被动语态。且by now做时间状语，谓语动词应用现在完成时态。综上，该空应填have been founded。C选项正确。20I am a better reader this year than I wa

21、s last year because I _ to hundreds of new concepts and ideas.Ahave exposed Bhad been exposed Chave been exposed Dwas exposed【答案】C【解析】【分析】考查时态。【详解】句意：今年我比去年更擅长阅读，因为我接触了数百种新的概念和想法。由上文可知“阅读”的动作发生在去年，延续到今年，并对现在产生了影响，故应为现在完成时。Expose“暴露；揭发”为瞬间性动词，此处现在完成时需改为延续性动词表示“接触”的状态，故用be exposed。综上本题最终选C。21-_ my dic

22、tionary?- Yes. I put it in your desk just now.ADo you see BHave you seenCDid you see DHad you seen【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：你看到我的词典了吗？是的，我刚才把它放你桌上了。根据句意可知此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，故B项正确。22With the rapid growth of population, the city _ in all directions in the past five years.Aspreads Bhas spreadCspread D

23、had spread【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态与语态。句意：随着人口的迅速增长，这个城市在过去的五年中向四周发展。根据in the past five years可知，表示过去发生，一直延续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，故选B。23 My dictionary _ . I have looked for it everywhere but still _ it .Ahas lost ; do not find Bis missing ; do not findChas lost ; have not found Dis missing ; have not found【答案】D【

24、解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我的字典丢了。我到处找它，但仍然没找到。lose是个及物动词，如果要表示某物丢失了，只能用被动语态。A项与C项使用的都是其主动形式。missing是形容词，其词义是：lost ; not to be found (丢失了的)，据此，第一空缺处应填入is missing。根据语境，第二个空缺处应填使用现在完成时的否定形式，因为它可以表示目前还未发生的动作。故选D。24The room is dirty.Sorry, It _ for weeks and I will do it now.Ahasnt cleaned Bhasnt been cleanedCwasnt

25、 cleaned Ddidnt clean【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：房间很脏。对不起，已经几个星期没打扫了，我现在就打扫。此处It是句子主语，指的是the room，和clean之间是被动关系，再根据for weeks和now可知句子用现在完成时态的被动语态结合句意，因此用hasnt been done。故选B。25My daughter _ as a teacher for 5 years in 2008, and she _a doctor since then.Ahad workedhas been Bworkedhas beenChas workedis

26、Dworkedis【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我的女儿在2008年已经当了5年的老师，从那以后她一直是一名医生。根据in 2008可知，当老师是过去的事情，用一般过去式，根据时间状语since then可知，此句用现在完成时。故选B。【点睛】时态是常考考点，除了要求考生掌握各个时态的基本用法之外，考生需具有在具体语境中辨别能力。时态的判定往往根据句中所给的直接或间接的时间状语来判定，但要注意的是不能完全依赖于所给出的时间状语，还要看语境。本小题第一空所在句子有个很明显的时间状语for 5 years，如果以此来判断，应使用现在完成时，但根据下文语境可知，此处叙述的是过去的事情，用

27、一般过去式。而第二空则可以根据时间状语since then判定使用现在完成时。26I _ Mr. Bert of the change of the meeting. You dont have to phone him again.Ahave informed Bwill have informedCwould inform Dhad informed【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我已告知Mr. Bert会议的改变。你没必要再给他打电话。根据语境可知，句子应用现在完成时态表示过去的动作对现在的影响，故答案为A。27Great changes _ in our school since

28、 2016. A lot of progress _.Ahave taken the place; have been made Bhad taken place; have been madeCwere taken place; has made Dhave taken place; has been made【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：自2016年以来，我们学校发生了巨大的变化。已经取得了许多进展。since+一段时间，是现在完成时的标志，因此应用现在完成时；take place意为“发生”，无被动语态，且主语是great changes，故谓语动词用复数，故用have ta

29、ken place；progress意为“进步，进展”，为不可数名词，故谓语动词应用单数，且progress与make之间是被动关系，故应用has been made。结合选项，故选D。28Ouch! I_ this really bad toothache for about three days.You really need to take a day off and see a dentist.Ahave Bam having Chave had Dhad【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：啊！我已经牙疼整整三天了。你真的需要请一天假，去看牙医。现在完成时表示已经发生，持续到

30、现在并且仍在进行的动作，根据时间状语for three days和“你真的需要请假去看牙医”可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故选C。29My dad still doesnt have a driving license. He _ his driving test seven times!Ahas failed Bfailed Chad failed Dfails【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时时态。句意：我爸爸还没有驾照。他驾驶考试已经七次不及格了！根据次数seven times七次，可知要用现在完成时“has/have+ done”，主语是He，故用单数has，故选A。【点睛】现在完成时是由助动词“have（has）+过去分词”构成的，其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需要加强记忆。主要用法如下：1、表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如：I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）2、