英语高考真题北京卷.docx

1、英语高考真题北京卷2018英语高考真题-北京卷2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分）从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Its

2、so nice to hear from her again. _, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats more B. Thats to sayC. In other words D. Believe it or not答案是D。1. Hi, Im Peter. Are you new here? I havent seen you around.Hello, Peter. Im Bob. I just on Monday.A. start B. have started C. started D. had started2. we

3、 dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. Although B. While C. If D. Until3. along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and as a volunteer in the nei

4、ghborhood when I visited her last year.A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, _ helps them keep fit.A. which B. who C. as D. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cake

5、s.A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared7. Chinas high-speed railways _ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply _ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pr

6、ess B. to press C. pressing D. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ in the mountains for two days.A. are trapping B. have been trappedC. were trapping D. had been trapped10. Ordinary soap, _ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. used B. to use C. using D. us

7、eNow Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 32 money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received 8,000. “I think the faith that everyone has shown 33 him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; hes had job 34 and all sorts,” Mr

8、. Anderson commented.For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing 35 . The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.16. A. hope B. aim C. urge D. effort17. A. still B. even C. ever D. once18. A. wallet B. bag C. box D. parcel19. A. partner B. colleague C. owner D. policeman20

9、. A. turned B. hid C. stepped D. reached21. A. discover B. collect C. check D. believe22. A. taking B. leaving C. reading D. writing23. A. satisfied B. excited C. amused D. shocked24. A. safe B. missing C. found D. seen25. A. service B. support C. kindness D. encouragement26. A. when B. if C. where

10、D. because27. A. rather B. yet C. already D. just28. A. too B. though C. again D. instead29. A. honest B. polite C. rich D. generous30. A. gave B. paid C. cast D. drew31. A. learned B. posted C. cared D. heard32. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. earn33. A. of B. at C. for D. in34. A. details B. changes

11、 C. offers D. applications35. A. lesson B. adventure C. chance D. challenge第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMy First Marathon (马拉松)A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, le

12、aving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didnt do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”.The idea that I was “not athletic”

13、 stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldnt even fin

14、d the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”By mile 17, I became out of breath and

15、the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving!As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on

16、 running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had. Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.36. A mon

17、th before the marathon, the author .A. was well trainedB. felt scaredC. made up his mind to runD. lost hope37. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.C. To show he was not talented in sports.D.

18、 To share a precious memory.38. How was the authors first marathon?A. He made it.B. He quit halfway.C. He got the first prize.D. He walked to the end.39. What does the story mainly tell us?A. A man owes his success to his family support.B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.C. Failure is th

19、e mother of success.D. One is never too old to learn.BFind Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation (航空) CenterIf youre looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of

20、 fun.More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what t

21、heyre studying in the classroom.For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges (荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated (模拟) flying to space with the crew from al

22、l over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit (驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as th

23、ey learn about water- and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot.With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the expe

24、rience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.Stay an hour or stay a weekthere is something here for everyone!For more details, please visit us online at .40. Why do people come to SAC?A. To experience adventures.B. To look for jobs in aviation.C. To get a

25、degree in engineering.D. To learn more about medicine.41. To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to .A. fly to spaceB. get an Aviation badge firstC. study the principles of flightD. build and fire model rockets42. What is the most important for trainees?A. Leadership. B. Team spirit.C. T

26、ask planning. D. Survival skills.CPlastic-Eating WormsHumans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills (垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answe

27、r may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms. Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms co

28、nsumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste (糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their massapparently b

29、roken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms ability to break down their everyday foodbeeswaxalso allows them to break down plastic. “Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bo

30、nd in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well,” she explains. “The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond.”Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down pol

31、yethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes (肠道微生物)?Bertocchini agrees and hopes her teams findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial proce