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高考英语一词多义.docx

1、高考英语一词多义高考英语专题复习-熟词生义、一词多义普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明中的词汇表是命题人的主要依据,而这个词汇表只提供了英语单词或短语的拼写形式,未有词义。这就给命题人提供了广阔的活动空间,给他们减少了很多限制,但却给考生增加了几倍的难度。因为英语中的一词多义多性现象是普遍存在的。A 1about (熟义:关于) prepadv到处(美)around 到处 We spent the whole afternoon walking about town我们整个下午就在城里到处逛来逛去。 2act (熟义:行动)vi起作用 It takes a couple of minutes f

2、or the drug to act只需几分钟,药物就起作用了。 3add (熟义:加)vt 接着说,又说 “They dont know”he added“他们不知道。”他接着又说。 4address (熟义:地址,写地址) vt 称呼 The president should be addressed as “Mr President”总统应称为“总统先生”。 向发表演说 He is going to address the meeting in a minute他一会儿就要在大会上讲话了。 5admit (熟义:承认)vt允许进入 The servant opened the door

3、and admitted me into the house. 仆人打开门,请我进去。 容纳The theatre only admits 1,000 persons这个剧场只能容纳一千人。 6. adapt (熟义:适应)vt使某物适合与新的用途,情况等;修改;改编或改写(稿本) These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.这些式样均可改动以适应个人不同的爱好. This novel has been adapted for radio from Russian original.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目.7.

4、adopt (熟义:收养; 过继)vt 采纳;采取;采用 We adopt their teaching method. 我们采用了他们的教学方法8against (熟义:反对,违背) prep衬着,迎着,靠着The picture looks good against the white wall这幅画在洁白的墙的衬托下显得很好看。 9agree with (熟义:同意) 与一致,协调,适合Your story agrees with what I heard你讲的与我所听到的一致。 Long plane trips dont agree with me我不适合坐飞机长途旅行。 10appe

5、al (熟义: 恳求,呼吁)v (对某人)有吸引力,(使某人)感兴趣 The idea of camping has never appealed to me. 对露营这种想法我从来不感兴趣.11appear (熟义:出现) vi 似乎 You appeared to have made a mistake. 你似乎犯了一个错误。12apply(熟义:申请) v应用,运用; 适用 What I have said applies only to some of you. 我所说的只适用于你们当中的一部分人.13arm (熟义:n手臂)n武器 v武装Lay down your arms or w

6、ell fire!放下武器,否则,我们就开枪了! Police say the man is armed with guns and very dangerous. 警察说该男子携有枪,十分危险。14ask (熟义:问)vt要求 The teacher asked that all the students stay at the classroom. 老师要求所有学生呆在教室.15attend (熟义:出席) vtvi看护,治疗DrParia Lal attends himParia Lal医生在治疗他。 If you go out,wholl attend to the baby?如果你走

7、了,谁来照看婴儿? B 1back (熟义:n背) vt支持Many of his friends backed his plan他的许多朋友支持他的计划。 2badly (熟义:坏) adv迫切, 很English teachers are badly needed in our school. 我们学校极需要英语老师。3bear (熟义:熊) v 支撑 The ice is too thin to bear your weight. 冰太薄,承受不了你的重量。 负起(责任),肩负He is a carefree fellow who bears his responsibilities l

8、ightly. 他是个满不在意不大负责的人。 忍受,忍耐The pain was almost more than he could stand. 这样的痛苦几乎使他受不了。4beat (熟义:击打) v (心脏) 跳动 He is alive-his heart is still beating. 他还活着-心脏还在跳动。 打败He beat me at chess. 他下棋赢了我。5before (熟义:以前) conj才;就It was a long time before I got to sleep again过了很久我才再睡着。 I hadnt waited long before

9、 he came我没有等多久,他就来了。 6block (熟义:大块) n (四面临街) 建筑群,街区 v 阻碍;堵塞 He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街。 Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland. 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的路。7blow (熟义:吹,刮) n 打击 His wifes death was a great blow to him. 他妻子的去世对他是一大打击。8book (熟义:书) v 预定,预购 I would like to book three s

10、eats for tonights concert. 我想预定今晚音乐会的三个座位。9buy (熟义:购买) v 相信 No one will buy that excuse. 谁也不会相信那个借口。10build (熟义:v修建) n身材,体型The football player has a solid build足球运动员体格健壮。 C 1calm (熟义:冷静的,镇静的)adj 无浪的,风平浪尽的 The sea is calm.2can (熟义:能) n罐头vt做成罐头Mother cans fruit妈妈把水果做成罐头。 3capital (熟义:首都) n 大写字母;资本 Wri

11、te your name in block capitals, please. 姓名请用大写。 Jack set up a business with a starting capital of $100,000. Jack的创业资本是$100,000。4carry (熟义:搬运,携带) v持有,带有;刊登 Police in many countries carry guns. 许多国家的警察都带枪。 Todays newspapers carry full reports of the presidents visit. 今天的报纸刊登了总统访问的详尽报道。5case (熟义:情况) n

12、案例,病例; 箱子The case will be heard in court next week. 这一案件下星期审理。6catch (熟义:抓) v 明白;领会 Sorry, I didnt quite catch what you said. 对不起,我没听清你的话。8cause (熟义:n起因,v引起) n事业The UN has done a lot for the cause of world peace联合国为世界和平事业做了许多贡献。 9certain (熟义:相信) adj 某个,某种 For certain reasons I will be unable to atte

13、nd the meeting.因为某种原因,我不能出席这次会议。10change (熟义:变化) n 零钱,找头 Have you got change for a five-pound note? 你有没有5英镑的零钱?11collect (熟义:收集) v 取走,拿走 His job is to collect a child from school every day. 他的工作是每天从学校接回孩子。12company (熟义:公司)n有人作伴;伙伴You may know a man by the company he keeps.你可以从一个人所交的朋友了解他的为人。 13condi

14、tion (熟义:条件) n 状况 He is in excellent condition for a man of his age. 他就其年龄而言,身体极好。14cost (熟义:花费;值)vt使失去(生命、健康等)The patients dangerous condition cost the doctors and nurses many a sleepless night 病人的危险状态使医生、护士好几夜不曾合眼。 15count 熟义:数(数目) vi重要;vt认为Every minute counts每分每秒都重要。 On the whole she counted hers

15、elf a fortunate wife总的说来,她自认为还是一个幸运的人。 16course (熟义:过程) n 课程;航线;一道菜 Id like to take a refresher course to improve my driving. 我想参加补习训练以提高自己的驾驶技术。 The plane was off the course.飞机偏离航向。 They were treated with a five-course dinner for lunch. 招待他们五道菜的正餐。17cover (熟义:覆盖) v够付(费用);走完(一段路);涉及;报导Here is 5;that

16、 should cover all your expenses这儿有5英镑,应该够付你所有的开支。 By sunset we had covered thirty miles.到日落的时候,我们已走了三十英里。 He is carrying out a research that covers a wild field. 他正在进行涉及范围很广的研究工作。 He was sent to cover the event. 他被派去报道着事件。18cross (熟义:横跨) adj 生气的,恼怒的 I was cross with him for being late. 他迟到了,我很生气。D 1

17、date (熟义:日期;枣子) v 追溯 ;约会The ancient temple has a long history and can date back to the year 1890AD 这古庙历史悠久,追溯到1890 ADThey have been dating for a long time. 他们一直频频约会2dear(熟义:亲爱的) 昂贵的Clothes are getting dearer.衣服越来越贵了3 degree (熟义:学位) n程度 She has also been affected, but to a lesser degree. 她也受到波及,但程度较轻

18、。4desert (熟义:沙漠) vt离开,抛弃We sheltered from the storm in a deserted garage 我们在一间空无人住的茅屋里躲暴风雨。 5develop (熟义:发展;开发) v 冲洗 He took a film to be developed. 他将胶卷送去冲洗。6divide (熟义:分割开, 分成) v 除 30 divided by 6 is 5. 30 除6等于5。7do (熟义:做,制作) v 行, 适合Which do you prefer,coffee or tea? Either will doIt makes no diff

19、erence for me 随便,对我来说没什么区别。8draw (熟义:画) v 吸引;获取,汲取Ladies and gentlemen,may I draw your attention to me?女士们,先生们,注意了。What conclusions did you draw from the study? 你从研究中得出什么结论?9drive (熟义:驾驶) v 驱使Do you have any idea what has driven him mad? 你知道什么使他发疯的吗?10. due (熟义:由于) adj 须立即支付,到期 ; 约定,预期My rent isnt d

20、ue till Wednesday.我的租金星期三才到期。The train is due to arrive in five minutes. 火车预定在5分钟后达到。 E 1earth (熟义:地球) n 泥土He covered the roots of the plant with earth. 他用泥土把植物的根埋起来。2easy (熟义:容易的)adj舒适的,安分的,轻松的 Now we are leading an easy life现在我们过着舒适的生活。 3edge (熟义:边缘) n 刀口,锋The boy is playing with a knife with a sh

21、arp edge. 这孩子正在玩一把锋利的刀。4employ (熟义:雇佣) v利用,使用You could employ your spare time better. 你可以把闲暇时间利用得好些。5energy (熟义:能量,能源) n 精力,活力His work seemed to lack energy. 他工作似乎缺乏干劲。6enjoy (熟义:喜欢) v 享有Men and women should enjoy equal rights. 男女应当享有平等权利。7escape (熟义:逃走)v被忘记 His name escaped me for the moment我一时想不起他

22、的名字了。 8even (熟义:甚至adv) adj平坦的; 不相上下的,均衡的 A billiard-table must be perfectly even. 台球桌必须十分平。That is an even game. 那是平局。9exercise (熟义:练习) n锻炼 Doing crosswords gives the mind some exercise. 做字谜游戏能锻炼脑筋。10expect (熟义:期望,盼望)v预计,估计The weather turns out far better than we expected天气比我们预料的要好。11exploit (熟义:利用或

23、开发)v剥削或利用There are still child labour exploited in factories. 工厂里仍有受剥削的童工。12express (熟义:v表达) adj. 高速的, 快速的 It was in that express way that the traffic accident happened事故发生早高速公路上。 F 1fail (熟义:v. 失败,不及格)v不足,缺乏;忽略 Our water supply failed我们供水不足了。 He never fails to write to his mother every month他从来不忘记每

24、月写信给他的母亲。2fairly (熟义:adv. 相当) adv公正地,公平地You are not treating us fairly. 你对我们不公正.3far from (熟义:离远) 远远不是The show was far from a failure;it was a great success. 这个展览远远不是失败;而是十分成功的.4favor (熟义:n. 恩惠,善行) v. 支持,喜欢 Of the two possible plans I favor the first. 在这两种可行方案中我赞成前者。5fellow (熟义:小伙子,家伙) n. 同伴 Her fel

25、lows share her interest in computers. 她的同伴跟她一样对计算机感兴趣。6figure (熟义:n数字;雕塑,人物) v认为,想象She figured that she would be next她认为她可能就是下一个。 I couldnt figure out what he meant我不明白他是什么意思。 7fall (熟义:v. 掉落) n. 秋天;瀑布His father passed away in the fall of 1970. 他父亲在1970年的秋季过世。The falls upstream are full of salmons.

26、该瀑布上游有许多大马哈鱼。8fan (熟义:n. 扇子) n. 迷 狂热者 The Chinese football fans are in great excitement. 中国足球粉丝很激动。9film (熟义:电影) 胶卷, 软片 He put a new film in his camera. 他在相机里装上新胶卷。10fine (熟义:adj好的,晴朗的)vn罚款He was fined 200他被罚了200美元。 11fire (熟义:n. 火) v. 开除He was fired for stealing from the counter. 他因从柜台偷钱而遭解雇。12firm

27、 (熟义:n. 公司) adj. 坚定的,牢固的You must be firm where you think you are right. 你认为对的地方立场一定要坚定。13fit (熟义:v & adj 适合) adj. 健康的 He keeps himself fit by running 5 miles every day. 他每天跑五英里以保持身体健康。14fix (熟义:v. 安装,修理) v. 确定, 选定Have you fixed a date for the wedding? 你们举行婚礼的日期确定了吗?15flat (熟义:n. 公寓,套房) adj. 平躺的, 平伸的

28、, 扁平的The earthquake laid the city flat. 地震把这座城市夷为平地。16flight (熟义:n. 飞行,航班) n. 一段楼梯或阶梯There was no lift and we had to climb six flights. 没有电梯,我们得跑六段楼梯。17flood (熟义:n. 洪水) n大量的东西;vt大量而来,充满I received a flood of letters this morning今天早上我收到大量的信件。18follow (熟义:v. 跟随) v. 沿着(道路等)而行;按照,听从,效仿;明白Follow this road

29、 until you get to the corner, then turn left. 沿着这条路走到拐角处,然后向左转。Many students follow the latest fashions.很多学生喜欢赶时髦。I couldnt follow his argument at all. 我根本不明白他的论点。19for (熟义:prep. 目的,由于) conj. 因为,由于(表示一种补充说明的原因)We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families.他给我们带来了家里的消息,我们都迫不及待地听着。20for goo

30、d 永远(勿望文生义) Shell soon leave London for good她将永远离开伦敦。21form (熟义:v.& n.形成,形式) v. 成立,创立,组织The labour leader was asked to form a government. 要求工党领袖组织政府。22fortune (熟义:n. 财富) 运气I had the good fortune to be chosen for a trip abroad. 我真幸运,被选中出国旅行。23free (熟义:adj. 自由的,有空的) adj & v. 没有,免交;远离Most of the roads are free of snow道路上的雪大部分都已化了。24freeze (熟义:冻结,冻冰) v不许动,停止走动Freeze!Drop your arms!不许动,放下武器!G 1general (熟义:adj. 全面的,大体的,大致的) n. 将军 Roberts is a four-star general. 罗伯茨是四星上将。2gift (熟义:n. 礼物) n. 天赋 He has many outstanding gifts. 他多才多艺。3given(considering)(熟义:被给予)prep考虑到

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