中考重点词汇辨析.docx

1、中考重点词汇辨析 take【短语搭配】take a holiday / vacation 休假、度假 take an interest in 对感兴趣 take a ride 兜风take a shower 淋浴、洗澡 take a walk 散步take after(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像take away 拿走take care of 照看、照顾take it easy 从容、轻松、不紧张 take notes 做笔记、做记录take off 脱掉、起飞take out 取出take part in 参加 take place 发生take pride in 对感到自豪【考题

2、回放】Jenny, please _ your young sister carefully.OK, Mum.(06贵州贵阳)A. take after B. take care of C. take from put【短语搭配】put away 放好、收起来 put down 放下、记下 put off 推迟、拖延 put on 穿上、演出put out 熄灭 put up 展示、张贴、搭起【考题回放】 1. We have to _ our sports meeting till next week because of the heavy rain. (06辽宁锦州)A. put off

3、 B. put on C. put up D. put down 2. Jimmy, your books are everywhere on your desk.Oh, sorry. Ill _ right now. (06江苏南通)A.put them awayB. put them upC.put them onD. put them down3. There was a fire in the street last night, but the firemen _ within twenty minutes. (06广东广州)A. took it outB. brought it o

4、ut C. worked it outD. put it out 4. Its cold outside. Youd better _ your warm clothes, Lucy.(06山东济南) A. put on B. put away C. put up D. put off have【主要用法】1.用作助动词,构成完成时态,无实义。如:Whathaveyoubeendoingsincethen?2.用作及物动词,表示“有”,常可与havegot替换。如:Ihave(got)anEnglishdictionary.3.与名词(多与动词同形)连用,表示一种活动或动作。如:haveata

5、lk/look/drink/rest/quarrel4.用作及物动词,表示“吃、喝、抽(烟)”。如:havebreakfast/somecoffee/acigarette5.用作及物动词,表示“使、让”。跟不带to的不定式作宾补,表示“让某人做某事”。如:Shehadthelittlegirllivewithher.跟过去分词作宾补,表示“某事由别人做”。如:Shehadhereyestestedyesterday.有时也跟现在分词、副词、介词短语作宾补。如:Icanthavethatkindofthinghappening.Willyouhavehimin?CanIhavethechildr

6、entoourhouse?【短语搭配】havefun/agoodtime/agreattime玩得开心haveto不得不、必须haveacold患感冒haveago试一试【考题回放】1.Tinahadnothingforbreakfast,_she?_.Shehadsomebreadandmilk.(06江苏扬州)A.had;YesB.had;NoC.did;YesD.did;No2.HaveyoufinishedreadingHarryPotterV?_.Istillhavesomepages.(05福建厦门)A.Yes,IdoB.No,IdontC.Yes,Ihave D.No,Ihave

7、nt go【主要用法】1.用作不及物动词,表示“去、离开”。如:Wemustgoforlunchnow.2.用作不及物动词,表示“进行、进展”。如:Everythinggoeswell.3.用作系动词,表示“变得(常常指由好变坏)”。如:Fishsoongoesbadinhotweather.4.用于havegoneto结构,表示“去了某地”。如:Mr.Wilsonisnthere.HehasgonetoWuhan.5.用于begoingto结构,表示“打算、将要”。如:Heisgoingtobuyhersomeshoes.【短语搭配】goahead往前走、做吧、干吧goby(时间)过去消逝g

8、otosleep入睡 goforawalk/walks去散步gohome回家 gooff离开、(闹钟)响起goon继续 goover复习、过一遍goskating/shopping去滑冰/购物gotoamovie去看电影gotobed上床睡觉gotoschool/work去上学/上班【考题回放】WherecanIfindJack?He_thepostoffice.(06湖北武汉)A.hasbeentoB.hadbeentoC.hasgone o D.hadgoneto come【短语搭配】comeacross(无意中)碰到、遇到comealong跟着来、快点comeback回来comedown

9、下来、下降、跌价；comefrom来自；comeon赶快、加油；comein进来； comeout出来、出版、开花、发芽；comeover顺便来访； cometrue 实现、达到；comeup走过来、走近comeupwith提出【考题回放】Hi,Sam.Weregoingforawalk.Wouldyouliketo _?Great!Letsgo.(06江西) A.comealongB.comeonC.comeoutD.comeup give【短语搭配】giveaway赠送、分发giveback还给givein让步、投降giveoff散发出giveout分发、发放giveup放弃【考题回放】H

10、ehasfailedseveraltimes,buthewont_.(06河北)A.goonB.comeonC.getupD.giveup make【短语搭配】makeadecision做决定、下决心makeaface做鬼脸makealiving谋生makefriendswith与交友makefunof取笑make.into把做成makemistakes犯错makeroom让地方、让位置makenoise发出令人不愉快的声音makeones(the)bed整理床铺makesure务必、确保makeup组成、构成makeuponesmind决定makeuseof利用【考题回放】()Ninepla

11、yers_theteam.A.makeintoB.makesure C. makeupD.makealiving way 【短语搭配】bytheway顺便说(问)一下 inmanyways在很多方面inthis/thatway这样/那样 inthe(ones)way碍事、妨碍onthe(ones)wayto在路上【考题回放】()Whereismyfather,Mum?Heis_tohisoffice.A.bythewayB.ontheway C.inthiswayD.intheway call【短语搭配】callback回电话； callfor要求、需要；callin找来、请来；calloff

12、取消 callon拜访callup给打电话【考题回放】()Dontforgettogivemearingwhenyougetthere.OK.Ill_assoonasIarrive.A.callbackB.callupC.callonD.callin get【短语搭配】getalong进展、相处getaway(from)离开、逃走getback回来、收回getintheway妨碍getover克服、恢复、原谅getto到达getinto进入、陷入getmarried结婚getoff下车、离开gettogether聚首、欢聚geton上车、进展、相处getout出去、离开getup起床、站起身g

13、etusedto习惯于getintouchwith和取得联系【考题回放】()MayI_myMP4? Sure.A.getoffB.getbackC.getonD.getto keep 【短语搭配】keepaway(from)避开、不接近keepback扣留keepdown控制keepinmind记住keepoff避开、不接触keeponesword遵守诺言keepon(doingsth)继续(做某事)keepout不让进入keepup保持keepupwith跟上、不落在后面【考题回放】()Thewindowsarebrokenandneedrepairing.Ithinkso.Theycanh

14、ardly_thecoldnow.A.keepoutB.giveout C.takeoutD.putout look 【短语搭配】lookafter照顾lookat看lookfor寻找lookdownon(upon)看不起、轻视lookforwardto盼望lookinto调查、研究lookout当心、注意lookover查看、检查lookthrough浏览lookup(在词典或参考书中)查阅(词或资料)【考题回放】()Thedoctor_thecryingbaby,buthecouldnt findoutwhatwaswrongwithit.A.lookedoverB.lookedafter

15、 C.lookedforD.lookedout fall 【短语搭配】fallasleep入睡fallbehind落后falldown跌倒、垮下来fallinlovewith爱上fallinto落入、陷入falltopieces崩溃、解体fallintothehabitof养成习惯【考题回放】 ()AloneinLondon,withoutfriends, work,or money, Shelly_greatdifficulty.A.putintoB.fellinto C.turnedintoD.brokeinto run【短语搭配】runafter追逐、追求runaway逃跑、跑掉runi

16、nto遇到、撞上runoff跑掉、迅速离开runoutof用完、用尽【考题回放】()We_coalandhadtoburnwood.A.ranoutofB.ranawayC.ranoff D.raninto set【短语搭配】asetof一套setanexample树立榜样setfireto对放火setoff动身、激起、引起setup建立、创立、开办【考题回放】()TheChineseCommunistPartywas_in1921.A.putupB.takenup C.madeupD.setup break【短语搭配】breakdown损坏、坏掉breakinto破门而入、非法进入break

17、off突然终止、中断breakout(战争、火灾等)爆发、突然发生【考题回放】()He _inthemiddleofhisstoryandhurried home.A.brokedownB.brokeintoC.brokeoffD.brokeouttime【短语搭配】aheadoftime提前allthetime一直、始终atatime每次、一次atalltimes在任何时候、经常atonetime一度、曾经atthesametime同时、一起bythetime到时候atthetime那时候attimes有时、间或behindthetimes过时、陈旧fromtimetotime不时、有时ha

18、veagood/greattime玩得愉快intime及时onceuponatime从前、以前ontime准时takeonestime慢慢来、不着急timeandtimeagain一再【考题回放】()Didyourfatherworkinafactory_?Yes,butnowheworksinabank.A.atatimeB.atonetimeC.atthesametimeD.atalltimescarry【短语搭配】carryoff叼走、夺走、赢得carryon进行、继续下去carryout实施、执行【考题回放】()Whendidtheybeginto_theirplan?Lastmont

19、h.A.carryoutB.putoutC.turnoutD.lookoutcatch【短语搭配】catchfire着火catchholdof抓住、抓牢catchsightof望见catchupwith赶上、追上 becaughtin遇上、突然遭受【考题回放】()3.Hestudiedsohardthathe_allhisclassmatesintheend.A.putupwithB.caughtupwithC.cameupwithD.endedupwithpoint【短语搭配】point out 指出 point at 指着point to 指向、说明很可能会(有)【考题回放】( )2. M

20、r. Wang _ the danger of doing so.A. came out B. pointed outC. worked out D. gave out unlessunlessconj.除非;若非;如果不。它是个从属连词,引导条件状语从句。由于unless具有否定意义,因此它引导的是个否定的条件。在中学阶段可以把它看作是if.not的同义表达。值得注意的是,unless从句如同if从句一样也常用一般现在时态表将来。如:Unlessheworkshard,hewillnotpassthefinalexams.=Ifhedoesntworkhard,hewillnotpassth

21、efinalexams.要是他不努力的话,期末考试将会不及格。Illnotgotoherbirthdaypartyunlesssheinvitesmeinperson.=Illnotgotoherbirthdaypartyifshedoesntinvitemeinperson.我不会去参加她的生日晚会,除非她亲自邀请我。Decidedecidev.作出决定;下决心(做某事)。后面多跟动词不定式作宾语。如:Shedecidednottogoalone.她决定不单独去。decide的名词形式是decision,固定搭配 makeadecision意为“作出决定”。如:Shecouldnotmake

22、adecisionaboutthedress.她对(买不买)这件连衣裙下不了决心。goodgood是英语中一个比较活跃的单词,既可作形容词,也可作名词。1.作形容词时,在句中既可作定语,也可作表语。(1)good意为“好的,美好的”。如:Weveseenthisgoodfilm.我们已看过这部好电影了。Thenewsistoogoodtobetrue.这条消息好得难以让人相信。(2)good意为“善良的,和蔼的”,相当于kind。如:Mrs.Wangisagoodwife.王太太是一个贤慧的妻子。(3)good意为“新鲜的”,相当于fresh。如:Thismeatdoesntsmellquit

23、egood.这肉味不太新鲜了。(4)good意为“有益的,有帮助的”,常见短语begoodfor.,意为“对有益,有利于”;其反义词组是bebadfor.,意为“对有害,有害于”。如:Milkisgoodforchildren.牛奶对小孩有益。2.作名词,意为“利益,好处”,常见短语dosb.good,意为“对某人有好处”。如:Eatmorefruit.Itwilldoyougood.多吃水果,这对你有好处。3.与good有关的其他常见短语:(1)begoodat.意为“擅长于,在(方面)做得好”,后接名词、代词或v-ing形式作宾语。其同义词组为dowellin。如:Areyougoodat

24、English?你英语学得好吗?Theyaregoodatplayingfootball.他们擅长踢足球。(2)begoodto.意为“对友善”,一般接表示人的代词或名词,其中good可用friendly代替。如:Alltheparentsaregoodtotheirchildren.天下所有的父母对自己的子女都很好。(3)haveagood/greattime表示“玩得高兴,过得愉快”。其同义词组为enjoyoneself。如:Theyhadagoodtimeinthepark.他们在公园里玩得很高兴。相关链接good与well的区别在指质量和技艺等方面好时,good是形容词,而well是副词;well用作形容词时,专指身体健康,作表语,意为“(身体)好”。如:Itsagoodcar,anditrunswell.它是一部好车,跑得不错。Areyouwellt