代词2.docx

1、代词2代词（二）不定代词 不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。常用不定代词有：some, any, all, none, both, either, neither, each, every, other, another, much, many, few, little, one等。1.one/another/the other one.the other 只有两个 some.the others 有三个以上 one.another, another. some.others, others. others=other people/things The others=the

2、rest 剩余的全部1)泛指另一个用another。2)一定范围内两人（物），一个用one，另一个用the other。3)一定范围内三者，一个用one，另一个用one(another)，第三个用the other，a third。4)一定范围内，除去一部分人/物，剩余的全部用the others。5)泛指别的人或物时，用others，当在一定范围内，除去一部分后，剩余部分但不是全部时，也用others。2.both, either, neither, all, any, none使用范围单词中文释义例句两个人或物both两者都Both of the boys are clever.两个男孩都

3、很聪明。either两者中任何一个Neither of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都很聪明。neither两者都不Neither of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都不聪明。三者以上all所有的，全部All the flowers are gone.所有的花都谢了。any任何一个I dont like any of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。none都不I like none of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。注意：（1）both与复数连用时，either与单数连用。 （2）all与none用法一样。跟单数名词

4、，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数名词。如：All of the students are there. 所有的学生都在那里。 All (of) the milk is there. 所有的牛奶都在那里。热身练习单项选择。1.-Which do you prefer, coffee or milk? - _of them. Id like some cola.A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.None2.Youd better invite _to our English party.A.them all B.both them C.all them D.them of a

5、ll3.-When shall we meet, tomorrow morning or tomorrow afternoon? -I dont mind. _time is OK.A.Both B.Every C.All D.Either4.I have two pens. One is red, _is blue.A.the other B.others C.other D.another5.There are many kinds of horses on the farm. What _things can you see?A.others B.other C.the other D.

6、another 3.some, anysome 一些，可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。（1） 在肯定句中用some。（2） Some用于其他句式中：a. 肯定疑问句中：说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时。Would you like句式中，表委婉请求或建议。Would you like some coffee?b. 在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时。If you need some help, let me know. c. some位于主语部分。Some students havent been there befored. 当否定的是整体中的部分时，some可用于否定句中。

7、I havent heard from some of my old friends these years.这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信。any一些，any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。当句中含有“含有”“任何”的意思时，any可用于肯定句。如：Here are three novels. You may read any.这有三本小说，你可任读一本。4. little, a few, a little可数名词不可数名词含义fewlittle否定含义，还有一点a fewa little肯定含义，没有多少了如：He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。He has

8、few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。There is little time left. 几乎没剩下什么时间了。5.many, much单词“许多”区别例句many+可数名词How many people are there at the meeting?much+不可数名词How much time has we left?固定搭配：only a few(=few) not a few(=many) quite a few(=many)many a (=many)如：Many books were sold. 卖

9、出了许多书。 Many a book was sold. 卖出了许多书。many, much前可有so, too, how等词进行修饰。如：There are too many mistakes in your diary. So many people are waiting for the bus. Sorry, Im afraid I cant go with you. Ive got too much work to do.热身练习单项选择。1.I want_books to read. Do you have_?A.some, any B.any, some C.any, any D

10、.some, some2.There is_snow this winter.A.many B.more C.much D.a few3.The film is very boring. _time to rest.A.Little B.A little C.Few D.A few4.He is too busy to have_ time to rest.A.few B.a few C.a little D.little5.Would you like_milk?A.some B.any C.little D.a few6.复合不定代词1）复合不定代词由some, any, no, ever

11、y加上-body, -thing, -one构成。如：somebody某人 anybody任何人 nobody没人everybody每人 someone某人 anyone任何人 no one没人 everyone每人something某物 anything任何事物 nothing没东西everything每件事2）复合不定代词的用法这些复合不定代词只具有名词性质，用作单数，在句中作主语、宾语和表语。带some的一般用于肯定句，而带any的一般用于否定句和疑问句：它们的用法同some, any的用法类似。带dody与带one的复合代词，其词义相同，只是带body的较口语化。如：Everythin

12、g begins to grow in spring.春天万物开始生长了。Something is wrong with my watch.我的手表坏了。I cant see anything. 我什么也没看见。3）复合不定代词的特殊用法（1） 用在表示“请求”、“建议”或希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中。如：Would you like something to drink? 你想喝点什么吗？（2） 复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，定语必须放在它的后面。如：There is something wrong with the radio.4）对比不定代词anyone/any one, no one/

13、none, every/each的用法（1）anyone和any one anyone仅指人，any one 即可指人，也可指物。（2）no one和none A. none后跟of短语，即可指人又可又可指物，而no one只单独使用，只指人。 B. none 作主语，谓语动词用单、复数均可，而no one作主语谓语动词只能是单数。如：None of you could lift it.你们中没有人可举起它。-Did any one call me up just now？-刚才有人打电话给我吗？-No one. -没有。（3）every 和each A.every强调全体的概念，each强调

14、个体概念。如：Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。Each student may have one book. 每个学生都可有一本书。 B.every指三个以上的人或物（含三个），each指两个以上的人或物（含两个）。 C.every只有形容词，不可单独使用。each可作代词或形容词。 如：Every student has to take one.（4）anyone, anything, any one, anyone用于肯定句，起强调作用，表示“无论什么事物（人）”、“任何事物（人）”。如：Anybody will tel

15、l you the way. 无论谁都会告诉你路线。热身练习用someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, no one/nobody, something, anything, nothing, none填空。1.Listen! _ is singing in next room.2. _ of us afraid of difficulties.3.I didnt hear or see _.4. Could you tell _ different between the two pictures?5. _ can run faster than he.Hes th

16、e winter.6.Theres _ in the new cupboard.Its empty now.7. _ broke the window last night.8.Im so thirsty. Shall we get _ to drink?拓展训练1、单项选择。1.Lucy is coming to my house this evening. Ill give her _ to eat.A.anything delicious B.delicious anything C.delicious something D.something delicious2.-Whats in

17、 your car? - _ .A.No one B.Nothing C.Nobody D.None3.We were all very tired, but _ of us would like to have a rest.A.all B.any C.none D,neither4.I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but _of them came.A.neither B.either C.none D.both5. _ of us has to pass the exam.A.Each B.Every C.None D.No one 二、选用othe

18、r, the other, another, the others, others填空。 1.I have two sisters. One is a teacher, _is a doctor.2.These shoes are too small for me. Would you show me _ ?3.Of the three foreign guests,one is from London, _ two are from New York.4.I have four pencil. One is red, _ are green.5.Dont give up. You shoul

19、d have _ try.3、改错。1.You may keep the book for a week, but you mustnt lend it to the others._2.There is no egg at home.Would you please get any for me?_3.He will be back in other ten days._4.Lets hurry. There is still little time left._5.I dont like these films because neither of them is interesting._