高中英语Unit2TheUnitedKingdomSectionⅠWarmingUp.docx

1、高中英语Unit2TheUnitedKingdomSectionWarmingUpUnit 2 The United KingdomWhen people say England, they sometimes mean Great Britain, sometimes the United Kingdom, sometimes the British Isles but never England.Why is England or the UK sometimes called Britain? “England” is sometimes, wrongly, used in refere

2、nce to the whole United Kingdom, the entire island of Great Britain (or simply Britain), or indeed the British Isles. This is not only incorrect but can cause offence (冒犯) to people from other parts of the UK.England, Scotland, Wales, Great Britain refer to different parts of the UK. The British Isl

3、es includes many islands not even part of the UK.The diverse (多种多样的) history of England, Scotland and Wales has led to very different cultural traditions. The Scots and Welsh have right to feel aggrieved (受侵害的) whenever the term “England” is used wrongly to mean all three.The name United Kingdom ref

4、ers to the union of what were once four separate countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland (though most of Ireland is now independent)The UKs full and official name is “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”Section Warming Up & Reading PrereadingPUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHYPeople ma

5、y wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales， Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history.First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales

6、 included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and later the name was changed to “Great Britain”. Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in

7、 the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom

8、and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.puzzle n谜；难题Wales weIlz 威尔士(英)Scotland sktlnd 苏格兰(英)Northern Ireland aIlnd 北爱尔兰(英)clarify klrIfaI vt.澄清；阐明link A to B把A与B连接、联合起来，此处为被动语态。refer to提及；涉及find Wales included为“find宾语宾补”结构，过去分词included充当宾补。as well也；还；而且join A to B把A与B连接、联

9、合起来，此处为被动语态。accomplish kmplI vt.实现；完成；达到conflict knflIkt n矛盾；冲突in the early twentieth century在20世纪初by getting .为方式状语，其中getting Ireland connected为“get宾语宾补”结构，过去分词connected作宾补。unwilling nwIlI adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)be unwilling to do sth.不愿意做某事break away (from)挣脱(束缚)；脱离动词不定式短语to become .作结果状语。the Union Jack

10、英国国旗地理学的困惑第12段译文对于用不同词汇来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家，人们或许感到很奇怪。如果你学习英国历史，你就可以弄清楚这个问题。首先是英格兰。威尔士在公元13世纪时与英格兰是一体的。如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士也是被包括在内的。接着英格兰和威尔士在17世纪同苏格兰合并，后来更名为“大不列颠”。令人庆幸的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王也成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时并未经过战争。最后在20世纪初，英国政府试图以同样的和平方式把爱尔兰联合起来以形成联合王国。然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿意(组建联合王国)，它分离出去并建立了自己的政府。因此，只有北爱尔兰同英格兰、威尔士和

11、苏格兰联合起来组成了联合王国，从向世界展示的新的英国国旗上就可以看出来。To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as w

12、ell as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup！credit kredIt n信任；学分；赞扬；信贷to ones credit为带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在名下do work together中do表示强调，意为“确实；的确”。currency krnsI n货币；通货institution InstItjun n制度；机制；公共机构educational edjkeInl adj.教育的legal adj.法律的；合法的第3段译文值得赞扬的是，虽然这四个国家的确在某些领域共同合作(比如， 在货币和国际关系上)

13、，但它们在制度上仍存在着很大的区别。例如，北爱尔兰、英格兰和苏格兰有不同的教育及司法体系，它们也有各自的足球队去参加像世界杯这样的比赛！England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland

14、 is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south， but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide， these cities are not as large as those in China, they have worldfamous football teams and some of them even have two! It is

15、a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture.convenience knvinIns n便利；方便for convenience为了方便起见roughly

16、 rflI adv.粗略地( about)；粗糙地Midlands mIdlndz 英格兰中部地区(英)nearest to .靠最近的，用作后置定语，修饰the one。be known as作为而为人所知find .为“find宾语宾补”结构，过去分词短语settled in the south作宾补。nationwide neInwaId adj.全国性的；全国范围的 adv.在全国范围内；就全国而论not as large as ( not so large as)不如那么大attract trkt vt.吸引；引起注意在句子It is a pity that .中，it为形式主语，t

17、hat从句为真正的主语。在从句中，过去分词短语built in the nineteenth century作后置定语，修饰the industrial cities。historical hIstrIkl adj.历史(上)的；有关历史的architecture kItekt n建筑学；建筑艺术过去分词短语built .作后置定语，修饰towns。第4段译文在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大的。为方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个地区。最靠近法国的是英格兰南部，中部地区被称为英格兰中部，最靠近苏格兰的称为英格兰北部。你可以看到大多数人口定居在南部，但多数的大型工业城市在英格兰的中部和北部地区。虽然全国

18、范围内，这些城市都不如中国的城市那样大，但是它们都有着世界闻名的足球队，有的城市甚至还有两个！可惜的是这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。想游览古代建筑你得去那些最初由罗马人建造的更古老但是更小的城镇。在那儿你会了解更多的关于英国历史和文化的东西。The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections， theatres, parks and buildings.It is the centre of national government and its administ

19、ration. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the AngloSaxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066. There have been four sets of invaders of England.The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns an

20、d roads. The second, the AngloSaxons， left their language and their government.The third, the Vikings， influenced the vocabulary and placenames of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced new words for food.If you look around the British countryside you will fin

21、d evidence of all these invaders.You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.collection klekn n收藏品；珍藏；收集administration dmInIstreIn n管理；行政部门port pt n港口(城市)AngloSaxon lsksn n盎格鲁撒克逊人 adj.盎格鲁撒克逊人的construct vt.建筑；建造Norman nmn n诺曼人；诺曼语 adj

22、.诺曼的；诺曼人(语)的在句子It has . in 1066.中，the oldest port ., the oldest building .和the oldest castle .为并列宾语，后面的过去分词短语作定语，分别修饰前面的名词。the AngloSaxons为the second的同位语。Viking vaIkI n北欧海盗；斯堪的纳维亚人influence v影响countryside kntrIsaIdn.乡下；农村enjoyable IndIbl adj.令人愉快的；使人高兴的第56段译文最具历史意义的宝地是伦敦，它拥有博物馆、艺术珍品、剧院、公园以及各种建筑物。它是全

23、国的政治和行政中心。它有公元1世纪由罗马人建造的最古老的港口，有由盎格鲁撒克逊人始建于11世纪60年代的最古老的建筑，还有公元1066年由后来的诺曼人统治者建造的最古老的城堡。曾经有四批侵略者到过英国。第一批入侵者是罗马人，他们留下了他们的城镇和道路。接着是盎格鲁撒克逊人，他们留下了他们的语言和政体。第三批是斯堪的纳维亚人，他们对词汇以及北部的地名产生了一定的影响。第四批是诺曼人，他们留下了城堡，并引入了新的表示食物名称的词语。如果你到英国的乡村看看，你会发现所有这些入侵者留下的证据。要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。PrereadingPlease match the words

24、 with their proper meanings.1clarify Ahaving a surface that is not flat or regular2credit Bnot wanting to do sth.and refusing to do it3unite Cto succeed in doing or completing sth.4accomplish Da situation in which people, groups or countries are involved in a serious disagreement or argument5rough E

25、to make sth.clearer or easier to understand6nationwide Fto join together with other people in order to do sth. as a group7conflict Gpraise or approval because you are responsible for sth. good that has happened8unwilling Hhappening or existing in all parts of a particular country9attract Ithe qualit

26、y of being useful, easy or suitable for sb.10convenience Jto make sb.interested in, like or admire sth. or sb.15_610_答案：15EGFCA610HDBJILeadinMatch the pictures with the proper introductions.1_C_ The queen the head of state, but in name only. The most powerful one is the Prime Minister, who controls

27、everything in the UK. 2_D_ The longest river the River Thames.3_B_ Its capital London, where the Olympic Games was held three times.4_A_ The map the United Kingdom actually includes four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.WhilereadingFastreadingSkim the text and choose the best

28、 answers.1What is mainly discussed in this passage?AThe history of the United Kingdom.BThe geography of the United Kingdom.CThe people of the United Kingdom.DThe politics of the United Kingdom.答案：A2Find the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1 AExplains the differences in the four countries.Para.2 BEx

29、plains how the UK came into being.Para.3 CExplains how England is divided into three zones.Para.4 DIntroduces the topic to the readers.Paras.5&6 EExplains the importance of London as a cultural and political centre in the UK.Para.1 _Para.2 _Para.3 _Para.4 _Paras.5&6 _答案：Para.1D Para.2BPara.3A Para.4

30、CParas.5&6E CarefulreadingRead the text and choose the best answers.1When were England and Wales linked to Scotland?AIn the 13th century AD.BWhen Great Britain was formed.CWhen the southern Ireland formed its own government.DWhen King James became King of England and Wales.2Where do you have to go if you want to find more about British history and culture?AIndustrial cities.BOlder but smaller towns first built by th