英语经典易错题会诊名词性从句doc.docx

1、英语经典易错题会诊名词性从句doc英语：经典易错题会诊（名词性从句）名词性从句中连接词的正确选用that引导的宾语从句，wh-引导的宾语从句以及某些特殊词后所跟的宾语从句 that和wh-引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型获that、wh-疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句、同位语从句名词性从句中，从句部分的语序要用陈述语序，不能用凝问语序that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别 Whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别经典易错题会诊命题角度 1 名词性从句中连接词的正确选用1 (典型例题)Mary wrote an article on _ the team had fail

2、ed to win the game. A. why B. what C. who D. that 考场错解 B或D 专家把脉 许多考生都误以为what在本题中充当 failed的宾语，或认为空格后不缺成分，故选B或D。实际上就本题而言，不难看出句意为“玛丽写了一篇关于队伍为何在比赛中失败的文章”，所以应该选用强调原因的why。 对症下药 A2 (典型例题 ) A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.A. how B. after C. what D. when 考场错解 B 专家把脉 很多考生都认为应选after，事实上从句

3、子结构可知，空缺处应填引导宾词从句的引导词，作do的宾语，同时该词还是从句中do的宾语，因此，应该选用what。 对症下药 C3.(典型例题) _ made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What, because B. What, that C. That, what D. That, because 考场错解 A 专家把脉 许多考生由于受汉语思维方式的影响，选A.because用来强调原因，构成因果关系。本题主要是考查主语从句和表语从句

4、，What用在句首引导主语从句，充当句子成分，而that不充当句子成分，只起连结作用。 对症下药 B4.(典型例题)His ability has never been in doubtthe question is he is prepared to work hard. A. whether B. if C. that D. where 考场错解 B 专家把脉 很多同学对whether和if的用法一知半解，尽管二者都有“是否”的意思，但在主语、表语或同位语从句中只能用whether，不能用if。 对症下药 A5.(典型例题) He cant answer the question hego

5、t the money. A. what B. that C. how D. where 考场错解 B 专家把脉 许多考生知道这是一个同位语从句，在定性思维中认为同位语从句用出at引导，事实上同位语从句也可用when，where，why等来引导，不一定只用that. 对症下药 C专家会诊1.that引导名词性从句时，在从句中无意义，不作成分，只起到连接作用，在宾语从句中可省略。 He told me (that) he would leave soon.2.what与出at在名词性从句中的区别。 Right:What he said was true.这是一个主语从句，what在从句中作动词s

6、aid的宾词，意思是:“话”或“事”，此句中不能用that。 That he came late made the teacher angry. 这个句子还是主语从句。从句中意思完整，所以用that来引导，起到一个标志作用。考场思维训练1 I try to understand _ prevents them from being as happy as one might expect although they are so rich. A. that B. what C. it D. whether答案: B解析:what引导宾语从句。2 Although Mary is happy w

7、ith her success she wonders _ will happen to her private life.A. that B. this C. it D. what答案: D 解析:what引导宾语从句。3 The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car and _ I could have the money without delay. A. what B. that C.不填 D. whether 答案: B解析:what只起连结词作用，本身无义。1 I have found out _ the

8、y will ask to lead the vic- tory march on Saturday.A. when B. where C. whom D. what 答案: C解析:whom引导一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中又作ask的宾语。5 It was not until dark he found he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.A. that; what B. that; that C. when; that D. when; that答案: A解析:这是一个带有宾语从句的加强调句型。主句是notuntil句型。

9、命题角度 2 that引导的宾语从句，wh-引导的宾语从句以及某些特殊词后所跟的宾语从句1.(典型例题) As soon as he comes back, I will tell him when and see him.A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come考场错解 B 专家把脉 本题是when引导的一个宾语从句，在名词性从句中，其从句部分一律用陈述语序，故应该用you will come。对症下药 A2.( 典型例题) The old ladys hand shook frequenfiy, She exp

10、lained to her doctor _ this shaking had begun half a year before, and , only because of this,she had been forced to give up her job. A. when; how B. how; when C. how; how D. why; why 考场错解 B 专家把脉 本题考查的是动词explain后引导的宾语从句的引导词选用。第一空用how较易，但第二空很多考生填when，其实在前一分句中已有时间状语，故此处用when明显不对，仍然用how引导，即“她是如何被迫放弃工和的”

11、。 对症下药 C3.(典型例题) The leaders of the battle ordered all of us the work on time. A. if;finished B. that;finish C. whether; finished D. what; finished 考场错解 A或C专家把脉 许多考生认为A、C答案均讲得通，即“任务是否要以接时完成”，但本题由于受ordered这个词的限制，应该选B。其中finish为should finish的省略形式。对症下药 B4.(典型例题) Most of the university students are confi

12、dent _ they can get a good job with higher pay. A. whether B. that C. where D. when 考场错解 A或C 专家把脉 部分考生由于不知confident的含义，因而给做本题造成麻烦，confident为“有信心的，信心十足的”，作表语时其后跟that引导的宾语从句。 对症下药 B5.(典型例题) We find _ necessary _ we practise English every day. A. it;/ B. it;that C. its;/ D. its;that考场错解 A或D 专家把脉 许多考生认为

13、necessary是一个形容词，故前面该用be动词。事实上当主语的谓动词为make， find，see等时，用it替换从句，此时it用作形式宾语。 对症下药 B专家会诊 1.出at引导的宾语从句出at常用来引导宾语从句，通常that可以省略。 He has told me that he will go to Shanghaitomorrow他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。 注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,hat从句 常用“(should)+动词原形”的结构。 2.wh-引导的宾语从句 I want to know what

14、 he has told you我想知道他告诉了你什么。 3.形容词后所跟的宾语从句 某些动态形容词(afraid，confident，aware，certain，sure，doubtful等)在句中做表语时，后面可跟宾语从句。 例句:I am confident that I can get the job我有信心我可以得到这份工作。考场思维训练1 We cant figure out _ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A.that B. as C. why D. when 答案: C解析:考查宾语从

15、句，figureout意为“计算出”。动词和宾语从句之间明显要一个表示原因的关系副词why。2 A modem city has been set up in _ was a waste- land ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where答案: A解析:what此时作介词set up in的宾词并在宾词从句中充当主语。 3 Mr Smith suggested that all of the students _ their exercise books.A. handed in B. should hand in C. handing

16、 in D. that hand in答案: B解析:尽管动词suggest用了过去式，但suggest后若跟宾语从句，则从句部分应用shoulddo结构。4 After five hoursdrive, they reached _ they thought was the place theyd been dreaming of. A. that B. where C. which D. what答案: D解析:reach后缺少宾语，所以后面接的是宾语从句。在宾语从句中又缺少主语。5 It is certain little Tom can work out such a difficul

17、t problem. A. whether B. thatC. if D. when 答案: B解析:某些特殊形容词，如sure，certain，doubtful等 后可用that来引导宾语从句。命题角度 3 that和wh-引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型1.(典型例题)After Yany Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A. where B. what C. that D. how 考场错解 C或D 专家把脉 本题考查主语从句。首先排除C，因为该主

18、语从句缺成分，而that不充当任何成分的。where和 how只能充当状语成分，而本句缺少do的宾语，因此应选B. 对症下药 B2.(典型例题) has been announced that we shall have our final exam next month. A. As B. It C. What D. That 考场错解 A或C 专家把脉 考生误以为是定语从句，把that后的内容部分当作一句话用作先行词。如果改成: has been announced，we shall have our. ，用As尚可。本句应该用It充当形式主语，真正的主语是that之后的内容。 对症下药

19、B3.(典型例题) It is a shame _ we lost that expensive car. A. that B. when C. as D. if 考场错解 B或D 专家把脉 很多考生不知道It在本句中作形式主语。本句实际上是It iswas a+名词+that结构。 对症下药 A4.(典型例题)_ seems to be a fact he didnt go to attend the meeting. A. That;that B. What;that C. It;which D. It;that 考场错解 A或B 专家把脉 考生易误以为用that放在句首，来引导主语从句，

20、事实上本题是“It seemshappensappears that.”句型。h在句中充当形式主语。 对症下药 D5.(典型例题)_ I have done is only for you. A. What B. Why C. Whatever D. Where考场错解 专家把脉 许多考生认为此题用What引导主语从匀，事实上从句意角度分析会发现应该用Whatever，意为我做的任何事都是为了你” 对症下药 C专家会诊 (1)that引导的主语从句 that引导的主语从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末，在实际应用中常常采用it形式主语形式。 That he passed the English

21、test is true. It is true that he passed the English test. (2)形式主语的四个主要句型 It + be + 名词 + that从句 It is a pity that.可惜的是，用于此句型的名词还有factshamehonorquestion等。 It + be + 形容词 + that从句 It is certain that.很肯定，可用于此句型的形容词还有clearbetternaturalimportantneeessary. It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句 It is said that.据说，可用于此句

22、型的过去分词还有believedknownreported等。 It + 不及物动词 + that从句如: It seems that.好像是似乎可用于此句型的不及物动词还有happen，appear等。考场思维训练1 _ there is life on another planet is almost impossible.A. How B. That C. why D. Whether答案: B解析:That引导主语从句。2 _ in the newspaper that the Japanese minister will arrive next week. A. It says B.

23、 It is said C. It has said D. He is said答案: B解析:构成hiswas十过去分词+that结构。3 _ is still a secret when the president will make a public speech.A. That B. He C. What D. It答案: D解析:It充当形式主语，when引导主语从句。4 _ China is a developing country is known to all. A. That B. WhenC. If D. Why答案: A解析:本题是一个主语从句.由于主语部分不缺成分，故用

24、that来引导。5 _ the hidden gun was needed A. Where; discovering B. When; to findC. How much; finding D. How, to discover答案: A解析:Where引导的是主语从句，后空考查惯用法，need作“需要”讲时，后接动名词主动或被动结构。命题角度 4 由that、wh-疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句、同位语从句1.(典型例题) A stroy goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surround

25、ed by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A. when B. where C. what D. that考场错解 C 专家把脉 同位语从句考查。本题若从句紧跟在 story后面，就比较容易看出成分，而为避免句子头重脚轻，把story与它的同位语分隔开了；where，when，what不引导同位语从句，故最佳选项为D。类似的句子还有: Word came that the Mayor would come to visit our school。 对症下药 D2.(典型例题)Are you still thinking about yesterd

26、ays game? oh, thats _A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever feels me aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited 考场错解 C或D 专家把脉 B项本身表达有误。考生选C或D则没有完全弄清本题的含义。答语中表达的意思并不是“如何”感觉，也不是“何时”感觉到兴奋，而是说“那就是使我倍感兴奋的原因(兴奋之处)”。 对症下药 A3.(典型例题) There is a feeling in me we will never know what a UFO is like. A.

27、 that B. which C. of which D. what 考场错解) B 专家把脉 考生认为用which来引导一个定语从句，事实上本题是一个同位语从句，中心词是feeling。若理解成定语从句，删去定语部分以后该句句意不通。 对症下药 A4.(典型例题) The question he asked was _ the electrical equipment should be stored. A. what B. which C. where D. because 考场错解 D 专家把脉 考生忽略了题目所给予的信息，本题空缺处之后部分成分齐全，根据句意，可以用表地点的 where

28、来引导表语从句，句意为“他问电力设备应安置在那儿”。 对症下药 C5.(典型例题) The question is we should ask them for help.A. that B. whether C. if D. why 考场错解 C 专家把脉 从句意角度不难看出应该填表示“是否，能否”这个含义的词，值得注意的是订不能引导表语从句，故选B。 对症下药 B 专家会诊1.that引导的表语从句 基本结构:主语 + 系动词 + that从句例句: The fact is that we have lost the game.2.wh-疑问词引导的表语从句That is why I te

29、ll you the news.那就是我为什么告诉你这个消息的原因。 3.从属连词as if,boecause,just as等引导的表语从句 It is because I have ever heard of the story.那是因为我曾经听说过这个故事。 4.同位语从句 同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea， information，message，news，order，problem，promise， question，repuest，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。考场思

30、维训练1 The reason she gave for not being present was _ the heavy snow prevented her coming.A. /; because B. why; becauseC. /; that D. why; whether答案: C解析:第一空所填人的词引导定语从句，由于作gave的宾词，可以省去。第二空用that引导表语从句。2 The possbility _ the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.A. which B. / C. that D. what答案: C解析:that引导同位语从句，中心问为possibility.3 He doesnt know is he was born.A. that/where B. that/what C. where/that D. what/where答案: A解析:that，where分别引导宾语从句，表语从句。4 What she wants to know is dress she should buy.A. that B. what C. which D. why答案: C解析:本题考查表语从句用法，从句意看，应该是表选择关系，即“想