中国传统文化词汇翻译.docx

1、中国传统文化词汇翻译 口译分类词汇中国文化概述 General Terms 爱国主义精神 patriotism 诚实守信 honesty 公民道德建设实施纲要 The Program for Improving Civic Morality集体主义 collectivism弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化 highlight the central theme of the times while encouraging diversity全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign社会公德，职业道德和家庭美德教育education in social and professio

2、nal ethics and family virtues 为人民服务 serving the people 深入群众，深入生活 go deep among the masses and into the thick of life 奉献无愧于时代的作品 contribute to the people works worthy of the times 中华文明博大精深，源远流长The Chinese civilization is extensive and profound , and has a long history 重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage 优

3、秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts 自立于世界民族之林 stand proudly in the family of nations 艺术及工艺 Arts and Crafts 版画 engraving 贝雕画 shell carving picture 彩塑 painted sculpture 瓷器 porcelain; china 刺绣 embroidery 雕刻 carving 宫灯 palace lantern 国画 Chinese painting 剪纸 paper-cut 景德镇瓷 Jingdezhen porcelain景泰蓝 cloisonn enamel

4、蜡染 batik 卖秸画 straw patchwork 木/石/竹刻 wood/stone/bamboo carving 木刻画 wood engraving 泥人儿 clay figure皮影 shadow puppet漆画 lacquer painting 漆器 lacquer ware双面绣 two-sided embroidery 水墨画 Chinese brush drawing ; ink and wash painting 檀香扇 sandalwood fan 唐三彩 Tang tri-colored pottery陶器 pottery ; earthenware 图章 sea

5、l 拓碑 making rubbings from inscriptions , pictures , etc . on stone tablets拓片 rubbing 微雕 miniature engraving 象牙雕刻 ivory carving 宜兴陶 Yixing pottery 篆刻 seal cutting 戏剧表演 Theatrical Performances 京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera生male characters 末middle-aged male characters 净“painted face” ch

6、aracters 旦female characters 丑clown京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera 木偶戏puppet show 独角戏monodrama; one-man play皮影戏shadow play ; leather-silhouette show折子戏opera highlights 戏剧小品skit 哑剧dumb show ; mime ; mummery ; pantomime 单口相声monologue comic talk 双口相声witty dialogue 口技vocal imitations ; ventriloquis

7、m 说书monologue story-telling杂技acrobatic performance 叠罗汉making a human pyramid 特技stunt睬高跷stilt walk 马戏circus performances 神话人物Mythological Figures 八仙the Eight Immortals 嫦娥Changs ( the Chinese moon goddess)伏羲Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune , prosperity and longevity 共

8、工God of Water 后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns )黄帝Yellow Emperor 夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant )女Goddess of Sky-patching 盘古 Pan Gu (creator of the universe )神农 Patron of Agriculture 禹 Yu ( the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty )祝融 God of Fire古代建筑 Ancient Architecture 塔 pagoda

9、 琉璃塔 glazed stupa舍利塔 dagoba ; sarira stupa ( a pagoda for Buddhist relics )舍利子 sarira remains from cremation of Buddhas of saints body 喇叭塔 Lamaist pagoda楼 storied buildings 钟楼 bell tower 鼓楼 drum tower 阁 pavilion 烽火台 beacon tower 华表 ornamental column牌坊 memorial archway 传统节日 Traditional Festivals 拜年 p

10、aying a New Year call 爆竹 firecracker 鞭炮 a string of small firecrackers 除夕 New Years Eve 春节 Spring Festival 春联 Spring Festival couplets (conveying best wishes for the year )辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new ; ring out the old year and ring in the new 大扫除 year-end household cleaning 灯谜

11、 lantern riddles 登高 hill climbing 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 恭喜发财 May you be prosperous! / Wish you all the best !观灯 viewing the lanterns 贺年片 New Year film 饺子 dumplings (with meat and vegetable stuffing )龙灯舞 dragon lantern dance 庙会 temple fair 年画 New Year picture 年夜饭 family reunion dinner on Lunar New

12、 Years Eve 清明节 Tomb-sweeping Festival 扫墓 paying respect to the dead 赏菊 enjoying chrysanthemum 赏月 enjoying the full moon 狮子舞 lion dance 压岁钱 money given to children as a Lunar New Year gift 秧歌舞 yangge dance 元宵 sweet rice-flour dumplings (eaten on the Lantern Festival )元宵节 Lantern Festival 月饼 moon cake

13、 植树节 Tree-planting Day 中秋节 Mid-autumn Festival 重阳节 Double Ninth Festival 粽子 a pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves 烹饪 Culinary Arts美食节 gourmet festival 中餐烹饪 Chinese cuisine 色，香，味俱全 perfect combination of color , aroma , taste and appearance 四大菜系：山东菜，四川菜，粤菜，

14、扬州菜 four major Chinese cuisines: Shandong cuisine , Sichuan cuisine , Canton cuisine and Yangzhou cuisine南淡北咸，东甜西辣 the light southern cuisine , and the salty northern cuisine ;the sweet eastern cuisine , and the spicy western cuisine 八宝菜 eight-treasure pickles ( assorted walnut meats , asparagus , l

15、ettuce , almonds , cucumber and peanuts , etc . pickled in soy sauce )八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding (glutinous rice steamed with preserved fruits , sweetened bean paste , lotus seeds , longan , etc.)白斩鸡 tender boiled chicken (made by boiling a whole chicken in water and cutting into cubes , then d

16、ipping into seasonings )臭豆腐 odd-odour bean curb 粉蒸肉 pork streamed with rice flour 风味小吃 local delicacy 腐竹 rolls of dried bean milk cream 冷盘 hors doeuvres萨其马 Manchu candied fritter cut in squares 刀切，火候 Cutting and Slicing Techniques , Heat Control 切片 slicing 切条 cutting to strips 切丝 shredding 切柳 fillet

17、ing 切丁 dicing 切碎 mincing 磨碎 grinding 大/旺/武火 strong heat 中火 medium heat 小/微/文火 gentle heat 烹饪方法 Cooking Techniques 煎 pan-frying 炒 stir-frying 爆 quick-frying 炸 deep-frying 烩 stewing 熏 smoking 煨 simmering 煮 boiling 烘 baking 烤 roasting 蒸 steaming 红烧 braising (with soy sauce )涮羊肉 dip-boiled mutton slices

18、 羊肉串小摊 mutton barbecue stall 宗教 Religions 佛教 Buddhism释迦牟尼 Sakyamuni佛寺 Buddhist temple 大雄宝殿 the Great Buddhas Hall藏经楼 depositary of Buddhist texts金刚经 Vajracchedika-sutra 素菜馆 vegetarian restaurant 罗汉堂 arhat hall 观音 Guanyin; Goddess of Mercy; Avalokitesvara 地藏 God of Earth 四大金刚 Four Heavenly Guardians

19、(at the entrance to a Buddhism temple);Four Devarajas 四大天王 Four Heavenly Kings 因果报应 karma藏传佛教 Lamaism大藏经 Tripitaka转世灵童 reincarnated soul boy喇嘛庙 lamasery 道教 Taoism道观 Taoist temple 道士 Taoist priest 关帝庙 temple of Lord Guan儒教 Confucianism孔子庙 Confucian temple 孔子 Confucius 义，礼，智，信，忠，恕，孝，悌rightness, propri

20、ety , wisdom , trustworthiness , loyalty , reciprocity ,filial piety , brotherly love 学儿优则仕 A good scholar can become an official ./ He who excels in study can follow an official career .禅宗 Zen Buddhism 不立别传，不立文字，直指人心，见性成佛。There belief is passed on outside the religionThere is no reliance on written scripts It goes straight into peoples minds .One becomes a Buddha the moment He sees his own Buddha nature .伊斯兰教 Islam清真寺 mosques 古兰经 the Koran 耶稣教 Christianity耶稣基督 Jesus Christ 洗礼 baptism 天主教 Catholicism 天主教堂 Cathol