届二轮复习语法专题动词时态考点学案12页word版.docx

1、届二轮复习语法专题 动词时态考点学案12页word版2019届二轮复习语法专题 动词时态考点学案典题尝试(单句语法填空)1(2017北京高考改编) People_have_(have) better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result.2(20166月浙江高考改编)While online shopping has_changed (change) our life, not all of its effects have been positive.3Excuse me,

2、which movie are you waiting for?The new StarWars. We have_been_waiting (wait) here for more than two hours. 规则点拨一、一般现在时 1表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受语境限制)。The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。2表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表示频率的时间状语连用。We always care for each o

3、ther and help each other.我们总是相互关心、相互帮助。3表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, agree, believe, like, hate, want, think, belong, seem等。All the students herebelongto No.1 Middle School.这里所有的学生都是第一中学的。4在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。If you come this afternoon, well have a meetin

4、g.如果你今天下午来，我们就举行会议。5按照时刻表运行的动作常用一般现在时态。The planetakes off at 9：30 am.飞机上午9：30起飞。二、现在进行时 1表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。Theyre having a meeting.他们正在开会。2表示计划或安排好了的将来动作，常与一个表示将来的时间状语连用。Mike is cominghome on Thursday.迈克星期四回家。3现在进行时与always, often, forever等连用表示赞扬、厌烦等语气。Youre always interrupting me!你老是打断我的话！三、现在完成时1表示

5、到现在为止已发生或完成的动作，其结果的影响现在依然存在。有时与just, already, yet, recently, before, twice, three times等时间状语连用，常与非延续性动词连用，如 leave, arrive, come, go, return, join, die, buy, borrow等。 Ihave seen the film already.我已经看过那部电影了。(现在我知道电影的内容)2表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与“since时间点”、“for时间段”及how long, (ever) since, ever, befor

6、e, so far, in the last/past few years, up to now, till now等时间状语连用。She has been a dancer for ten years.她已当了十年的舞蹈演员了。3用于现在完成时的句型。It is (has been)一段时间since从句This (That/It) is the first (second .) time that现在完成时This (That/It) is the only .that现在完成时This (That/It) is the best/finest/most interesting .that

7、现在完成时It is the first time that I have visited the city.这是我第一次访问这座城市。Thats the most interesting book Ive ever read.那是我看过的最有意思的书。四、现在完成进行时1表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。Tom has been working hard since the new term began.自从新学期开始，汤姆一直在努力学习。2表示到目前为止的一段时间内动作时断时续、反复发生。You have been telling me not to be late

8、all the way.一路上你反复告诉我不要迟到。3表示某种感情色彩。You have been daydreaming but make no efforts.你一直在做白日梦，但从不努力。注意事项1要注意由if引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表示“意愿”，但不表示时态。If youwillaccept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受邀请并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。2注意动词加ing形式时的特殊情况。(1)在以ie结尾的动词后，改ie为y，再加ing。例如：

9、lielying, diedying, tietying。(2)在以c结尾的动词后加king。例如：picnicpicnicking, panicpanicking。 对点演练(单句语法填空)1Henry goes to a free class every Sunday afternoon which starts (start) at 4 pm.2In addition to the farming they_have_been_doing_(do) since the 1990s, the Smiths have also started a small business in thei

10、r home town successfully.3(2018江西九江十校联考) However, thanks to the international agreement, there has_been_(be) much less illegal hunting since 1990.4(2018哈尔滨师范大学附属中学月考) Do you know if Betty will go hiking this weekend? Betty? Never! She hates (hate) strong sunlight.5(2018太原市高三第二学段测评)In order to make u

11、p the missing notes, he has_been_trying (try) his best to spend as much spare time as possible doing this job these days.过去时(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时) 典题尝试(单句语法填空)1(20176月浙江高考改编)Pahlsson and her husband searched_(search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.2(2018河南豫南九校质量考评)She s

12、aid she had_noticed(notice) a big change in me and wondered why. 3(2017北京高考改编)Did_(do) you call that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?Yes. They are happy with it.4(2016北京高考改编)Jack was_working (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred. 规则点拨一、一般过去时1在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常见的时间

13、状语有yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。Where did you go just now?刚才你上哪儿去了？2表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去参观，都受到热烈欢迎。3wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，表示试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。I t

14、hought you might have some.我以为你会有一些。Mrs.Darbylived in Kentucky for seven years.达比太太在肯塔基州住过七年。4表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。常见的连接词有but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。The moment shecame in, she told me what had happened to her.她一进来就告诉我她发生了什么。二、过去进行时 1过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；

15、一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作也发生。常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last night, when, while等。We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。2过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。What was shedoing at nine oclock yesterday evening?昨天晚上九点她在做什么？3在复

16、合句中，如果主句动作和从句动作都是延续性的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报纸。三、过去完成时1过去完成时中常见的时间状语有before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as。He said that he had learned some English before.他说过他以前学过一些英语。By the time he was twelve, Edison had beganto make a

17、living by himself.到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。2在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句中用过去完成时。She said (that) she had never been to Paris.她说她从未去过巴黎。3在状语从句中，在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.警察到时，小偷们已经跑了。4表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mea

18、n, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本未能”。We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.那时我们原本希望你能来，但是你没有来。5“had hardly .when ./had no sooner .than .”表示“刚就”。Ihad hardly/no sooner openedthe door when/thanhe hit me.我刚打开门，他就打了我。6“It was the first/second .time that从句”中用过去完成时。It was the third time that he had told me

19、 to pay attention to my handwriting.那是他第三次告诉我要注意书写。四、过去将来时1过去将来时的用法。(1)表示对过去某一时间点而言将要发生的动作或存在状态。She hoped that they would meetagain someday.她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。(2)表示过去的某种习惯行为。He would sit for hours doing nothing.过去他常常坐几个钟头什么事也不做。2过去将来时的其他表达法。过去将来时除了用“should/would动词原形”表达外，还有以下几种表达法：(1)was/were going to表示过

20、去的打算和意图。He was going to start work the following week.他打算接下来的那个星期开始工作。(打算)表示没有实现的打算和意图。He was going to come last night, but it rained.他打算昨晚来，但下雨了。(没实现)(2)was/were to动词原形这种结构通常指过去的计划、安排或注定要发生的事情。如果计划的动作没有实现，要用动词的完成式。He said he was to meet his friend at the station at 4 pm.他说他下午四点去车站接他朋友。(计划安排)She sai

21、d she was to have taken up the position.她说她本打算上任。(计划未能实现)(3)was/were about to动词原形这种结构表示过去即将发生的事。The new school yearwas about to begin.新学年开学在即。(4)用过去进行时来表示。表示位置转移的动词(如go, come, leave, start等)的过去进行时，表示按照过去的计划、安排将在过去的将来发生的事情。What were you doing when he came to see you?他来看你时你在做什么？ 对点演练(单句语法填空)1(2018山西晋商

22、四校联考)They had to wait and_hoped (hope) that someone would come and help them.2(2018湖南衡阳八中月考)The question was once asked of a businessman who had_succeeded_(success) highly, “How have you done so much in your lifetime？”3(2018福州八中质检)Due to the hard training they had_done (do) before, their performance

23、s were very impressive.4(2018河北唐山调研)Al was a skilled artist with a wife and two fine sons. One night, his older son_developed (develop) a severe stomachache.5Lucy, why didnt you go to see the film with us at 7 pm yesterday?Sorry, but I was_doing (do) my homework.将来时(一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时) 典题尝试(单句语法填空)1(

24、2018江西上饶一模)Youd better not trouble our manager at 9 tomorrow morning, for he_will_be_attending (attend) an international meeting then. 2(2015北京高考改编)Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right. I will_call (call) him later. 规则点拨一、一般将来时 1be going to do和will/shall do。(1)be going to表示近期、眼下就

25、要发生的事情，will表示将来的时间。Heis going to writea letter tonight.今天晚上他打算写封信。He will write a book one day.将来有一天他想写本书。(2)be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情， will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill.Heis going to die.他病得很严重。他快要死了。He will be twenty years old.他即将20岁了。(3)be going to含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思。She is going to

26、 lend us her book.她准备把她的书借给我们。He will be here in half an hour.他半小时之后就到。(4)在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to，而多用will。If any beasts come at you, Ill stay with you and help you.如果任何野兽袭击你，我会和你在一起并帮你的。2“be to动词原形”表示按计划进行或征求对方意见。(1)表示“将”、“计划”、“安排”(意思接近be going to)。He is to visit Japan next year.明年他将访问日本。(2)表示“义务

27、”、“应该”(意思接近于should, must, ought to, have to)。No one is to leave the building.谁也不得离开这栋楼房。(3)表示可能性，相当于can, may。Such books are to be found in the library.这样的书在图书馆里就能找到。(4)表示“命运”，将来必然要发生的事，意为“注定”。They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meetagain.他们道别了，根本不知道他们将永远不会再见了。(5)“be about to动词原形”表示即

28、将发生的动作，意为“准备做某事”，后面一般不跟时间状语。We are about to leave.我们正要离开。二、将来进行时 将来进行时通常有以下几种用法：1表示将来某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态，常与特定的表示将来的时间状语连用。What will you be doing at this time next Monday?下周一的这个时候你会在做什么？2表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作或表示某动作将会继续且未完成。How many nights will you be staying?你打算住几个晚上？3表示亲切和客气的语气。Will you be having supp

29、er with us this evening?今晚你会和我们一起吃饭吗？You will be coming at 6 oclock.你要在六点钟来。三、将来完成时 将来完成时通常有以下几种用法：1表示在将来某时/某动作之前已经完成的动作。常与时间状语“by/before将来时间”等连用。By this time tomorrow you will have arrived in Shenyang. 到明天这个时间你将已经到沈阳了。I shall have finished this composition before 9 oclock. 九点之前我将已经完成这篇作文了。2在时间状语从句和

30、条件状语从句中，通常用现在完成时代替将来完成时。Youll come to like the subject after you have studied it for some time. 在学习这个学科一段时间之后，你就会喜欢它的。 对点演练(单句语法填空)1You can pick me up at my house at 7：30 pm. I will_be_waiting_(wait) for you at that time.2No one can know in advance when an earthquake will_strike_ (strike)3(2018安徽合肥调

31、研)It is reported that China will_have_completed (complete) its first orbiting space station by around 2022.4(2015四川高考改编)More expressways will_be_built (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.题型综合练 .语法填空 (2018榆林模拟)The question was once asked of a _1_ (success) businessman, “How have you done so muc