医学考博英语写作常用词汇精选.docx

1、2016医学考博英语写作常用词汇精选一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类(一)医疗、医院、医生1 、医生 doctor， medical worker physician 内科医生 surgeon 外科医生 doctor in charge 主治医生 intern 实习医生 resident doctor 住院医生2 、医院 hospitalThe specialized hospital 专科医院The general hospital 普通医院The community hospital 社区医院The public hospital 公立医院The private hospital 私立医院

2、 clinc 门诊Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 ward 病房 medical team 医疗队3、 医疗手段(1) drug therapy 药物治疗(2) medical treatment 医疗(3) medical instruments 医疗器械(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis(5) prevent (v) 预防(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 |(7) administrate a drug 给药(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病(9) TCM 中医r (

3、10) chemotherapy 化疗(11) medical service 医疗服务(12) complain of (v) 主述(13) health checkup 健康普查(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ;4 、医疗体制(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷(3 )medical accident 医疗事故(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系(5 )med

4、ical insurance system 医疗保险体系(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金5 、医德(1 )medical ethics 医德(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心(3 )humanistic 人道主义的(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的(5 )considerate 体贴周到的(6 )resolute 果断的(7 )service quality 服务质量(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people6 、病人(1 )patient(2 )the sick(

5、3 )the invalid(4) sufferer(二)疾病1 、 患病的表达方式 suffer from (v )(2) contract (v )(3) people with some disease 患病人群(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人2 、必知疾病名称heart disease 心脏病hypertension 高血压kidney problem 肾病stroke 中风shock 休克the blood pressure 血压diabetes 糖尿病obesity 肥胖terminal illness 绝症in

6、curable illness 不治之症cancer 癌症tumor 肿瘤cancer of early stage 癌症晚期emergency case 急症serious illness 重症the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病short breath 短气syndrome 综合症complications 并发症process 病程bone loss 骨质疏松short-sighted (adj)近视3、传染病(1) 感染源virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介(2 )传染疾病

7、some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫influenza (简)flu 流感infection contagion 传染病infectious diseases 传染病AIDS 艾滋病SARS(3) 传染epidemic (a) 流行的，传染的block the channel (v)disseminate 传播cross infection 交叉感染5 、疾病、病痛illnesssicknessdiseaseailmentsuffering6 、疾病的转归(1 )疾病的恢复recover recoveryrecuperateresumerecruitrei

8、nstate(2) 疾病的恶化deteriorateaggravateexasperatemake worseworsen7、其他相关词汇outbreak and spendingbreak out (v) 疾病的爆发spread (v) 疾病的扩散the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率taboo 禁忌speed up blood circulation (v)improve the cardiac functions (v)side effects 副反应complain of 主述(三)药物1 、药物名称medicinedrugremedymedic

9、inal herbspowertabletpill2 、药物用法开药 ：prescribe some medicine for some diseaseswrite out a proscription服药take a medicine治的疾病a remedy for some diseases3 、其他相关词汇drug therapy 药物治疗side effects 副反应drug abuse 药物滥用drugstore 药房over the counter 非处方药drug allergy 药物过敏drug poisoning 药物中毒prescription 处方expenses fo

10、r medicine 药费charges for medicinedrug rebate 药品回扣(四)心理疾病1 、心理学专业词汇subhealth 亚健康psychological benefits 心理健康psychological problem 心理问题psychological consultation 心理咨询psychological obstacles 心理障碍mental obstacles 心理障碍psychological massage 心理按摩psychology 心理学/ 心理psychotherapy 心理治疗psychological expert 心理专家2

11、 、情绪词汇overcomedisappointdisappointedshy ，flushfrustrationfailurewillpoweroptimismoptimisticbe sensitive tonervoustensionalsad agony pessimism pessimisticconfident confidencestress pressuredepress depresseddepression depressive3 、疲劳相关词汇fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a)

12、 weary(五)肥胖与营养1 、营养物质nutrient 营养素protein 蛋白质fat 脂肪glucose 葡萄糖vitamin 维生素sugar 糖类heat calories quantity of heat 热量carbohydrate 碳水化合物soft drink beverage 软饮料cholesterol胆固醇2 、营养与饮食a well-balanced dietnutrition 营养nutritional 营养的二、医学写作其他常用词汇1. 下降、减少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go /

13、 come down，fall2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu;4. 食品安全 food safety5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies6. 应急反应 immediate response to7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) peoples livelihood/well-being &6IU8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical andhealth system9.

14、 预防保健disease prevention and health care10. 服务体系service system A11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i.13. 清淡的lite14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures AN16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病17. 虫媒insect pol

15、lination;18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome;20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion21. 传染(及相关词)：infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!22. 传播途径route of tra

16、nsmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission23. 传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagationD24. 污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate25. 福祉 well-being, happiness26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s27. 每况愈下from bad to worse28. 相似的a

17、kin to=similar to29. 脓的,化脓的purulent 30. 脂肪肝fatty liver31. 血压 hypertension32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon33. 亚健康 sub-health 834. 过劳死death from overwork 35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 036. 养生preserve ones health; nourishing of life; keep in good health37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three

18、 categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle40. 道德morals, morali

19、ty, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。41. 民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent43. 死亡人数death toll，deaths，the nu

20、mber of people killed in/dying from44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to，be attributed to，ascribe or attribute to， oweto46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb，blameon，ascribe or attribute to，impute to47. 大规模on a large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive48. 大规模流行 large-scale tra

21、nsmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon52. 复杂的complicated，complex，sophisticated，intricate53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding com

22、plexity/complicacy54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances55. 养老保险 endowment insurance56. 退休养老金retirement n57.医疗改革health care reform58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity59. 月经期menstrual period S60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care62. 安乐死euthanasia63. 得绝症的terminally ill64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care !65. 濒临死亡的病人：dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient吸二手烟secondhand smoking ，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”.